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Issues Underlying (issues + underlying)
Selected AbstractsThe Debate on Globalization, Poverty and Inequality: Why Measurement MattersINTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, Issue 4 2003Martin Ravallion In the last year or so, markedly different claims have been heard within the development community about just how much progress is being made against poverty and inequality in the current period of ,globalization'. This article provides a non-technical overview of the conceptual and methodological issues underlying these conflicting claims. It argues that the dramatically different positions taken in this debate often stem from differences in the concepts and definitions used and differences in data sources and measurement assumptions. These differences are often hidden from view in the debate, but they need to be considered carefully if one is properly to interpret the evidence. The article argues that the best available evidence suggests that, if the rate of progress against absolute poverty in the developing world in the 1990s is maintained, then the Millennium Development Goal of halving the 1990 aggregate poverty rate by 2015 will be achieved on time in the aggregate, though not in all regions. The article concludes with some observations on the implications for policy-oriented debates on globalization and pro-poor growth. [source] The role of evidence in interpretations of the scientific work of Karl LashleyJOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES, Issue 3 2002Donald A. Dewsbury I discuss some of the issues underlying the different perspectives of Nadine Weidman and myself on the scientific oeuvre of Karl Lashley. I emphasize that our disagreements concern the kind of evidence needed to support specific claims more than any differences in our models of science. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Obesity in South AfricaOBESITY REVIEWS, Issue 4 2006M.-T. Van Der Merwe Summary South Africa has not been spared in the rampant global increase in obesity. Throughout Africa, as elsewhere, ethnicity has a major impact on the incidence and pathogenesis of comorbid diseases, particularly diabetes. Combined figures for obesity and overweight (body mass index [BMI] > 25 kg m,2) obtained across all ethnic groups in the adult population in 1998, were 57% for women and 29% for men. From the 1960s until the late 1980s, the notion of ,healthy' or ,benign' obesity was propagated in South Africa. Not surprisingly, this led to ignorance around the problem of obesity, and treatment of some of the comorbid diseases was neglected. Fortunately, as an increasing number of seminal studies draw us closer to reality, the misperception of benign obesity is being corrected. This is allowing us to address the real issues underlying the current epidemic, and to recognize and manage the comorbid diseases, in particular type 2 diabetes. A new framework for research is also emerging as we begin to define the factors underlying the impact of ethnicity on obesity. [source] Going to the Roots of the Stem Cell ControversyBIOETHICS, Issue 6 2002Søren Holm The purpose of this paper is to describe the scientific background to the current ethical and legislative debates about the generation and use of human stem cells, and to give an overview of the ethical issues underlying these debates. The ethical issues discussed are 1) stem cells and the status of the embryo, 2) women as the sources of ova for stem cell production, 3) the use of ova from other species, 4) slippery slopes towards reproductive cloning, 5) the public presentation of stem cell research and 6) the evaluation of scientific uncertainty and its implications for public policy. [source] | ||||||||||