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Isolated Strains (isolated + strain)
Selected AbstractsA strain isolated from gas oil-contaminated soil displays chemotaxis towards gas oil and hexadecaneENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 10 2003Mariana P. Lanfranconi Summary In this report we describe the isolation of a strain from soil contaminated with gas oil by taking bacteria from a chemotactic ring on gas oil-containing soft agar plates. Partial 16 S rDNA sequencing of the isolated strain showed 99.1% identity with Flavimonas oryzihabitans. It was not only able to degrade different aliphatic hydrocarbons but it was also chemotactic towards gas oil and hexadecane, as demonstrated by the use of three different chemotaxis methods, such as agarose plug and capillary assays and swarm plate analysis. In addition, the strain was chemotactic to a variety of carbon sources that serve as growth substrates, including glucose, arabinose, mannitol, glycerol, gluconate, acetate, succinate, citrate, malate, lactate and casaminoacids. This is the first report on chemotaxis of a hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium towards a pure alkane, such as hexadecane. The fact that environmental isolates show chemotaxis towards contaminant/s present in the site of isolation suggests that chemotaxis might enhance biodegradation by favouring contact between the degrading microorganism and its substrate. [source] The use of ITS DNA sequence analysis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in diagnosing an infection with Fusarium proliferatumEXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 11 2008Florian Seyfarth Abstract:, Although mycoses are among the most common diseases worldwide, infections with Fusarium spp. occur only rarely. Mostly patients suffering from underlying immune deficiency are infected with this mould, resulting in a considerably decreasing prognosis. In immunocompromised patients, cutaneous manifestations are more often associated with Fusarium sp. than with Candida sp. or Aspergillus sp. We describe one patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, who was first treated with chemotherapy after GMALL protocol 07/03. After relapse, the patient was successfully transplanted in second remission with a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched unrelated peripheral blood stem cell graft. Ten months later, the patient died from respiratory insufficiency and recurrence of leukaemia. Previously, Aspergillus antigen was detected in blood. In the latter course, disseminated papules appeared. One of these was examined histologically and mycologically. Conventional cultural diagnostics led to the diagnosis of a fusariosis, further supported by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation,time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, both determining the isolated strain as Fusarium proliferatum, which is a very infrequent pathogen within this genus. Our investigations underline the potential of MALDI-TOF MS based identification of Fusarium species as an innovative, time and cost efficient alternative to ITS sequencing. [source] Molecular characterization of lactic acid populations associated with wine spoilageJOURNAL OF BASIC MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2004L. Beneduce We have investigated the prevalence of spoilage lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in table wines produced in the Apulia region. The occurrence of LAB was evaluated in wines produced with low sulphur dioxide doses and not supplemented with selected malolactic starters such as Oenococcus oeni. About 150 strains were isolated from wine must and a molecular characterization was performed using PCR-based techniques. Most of the strains analysed belonged to Lactobacillus plantarum species. However, some of the strains were identified as Pediococcus damnosus and Leuconostoc sp. The amplified fragments of Pediococcus damnosus were cloned and sequenced. The coding sequence was highly homologous to that of the ropy plasmid confirming that the isolated strain was a ropy+Pediococcus damnosus. In all the samples analysed, the final must pH value reached was relatively high (from 3.78 to 3.90). The high pH values had probably negatively influenced (counteracted) the activity of sulphur dioxide added, allowing proliferation of spoilage wine microorganisms. [source] Identification and characterization of Japanese encephalitis virus envelope protein gene from swineLETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2010J.-M. Fan Abstract Aims:, Identification and characterization of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) envelope protein gene from swine. Methods and Results:, Genomic RNA was separated from JEV isolated strain Henan-09-03, and used as templates for cDNA synthesis of E gene. The cDNA of E gene was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into the pMD19-T-Vector and confirmed by sequencing. The cloned gene was then subcloned into the pET-32a and was introduced into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) for expression. The E protein was purified by Ni chelating column-based affinity chromatography. The molecular weight of expressed protein was about 50 kDa. Compared with the published sequence of SA14 (AF495589), the homology of the nucleotide sequence was 98% and the seven mutations resulting in amino acid substitutions at Leu 36 Ser, Leu107 Val, Ala167 Thr, Asn 230 Ser, Leu 340 Pro, Asn 430 Ile, Phe 448 Leu. Phylogenetic analysis of the E sequence of isolated strain classified it within genotype III of the JEV. The result of Western blotting indicated that the antigenicity of the protein was specific. Conclusions:, The stable expression of the protein and the analysis of its antigenic specificity provide the foundation for developing the ELISA early stage diagnosis kit. Significance and Impact of the Study:, As coating antigen, the recombinant E protein served a good source in the indirect ELISA method for the detection of JEV antibody. [source] Immunohistochemical diagnosis of the cagA -gene genotype of Helicobacter pylori with anti-East Asian CagA-specific antibodyCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 4 2007Tomohisa Uchida Cytotoxin-associated antigen A (CagA) protein produced by Helicobacter pylori is proposed to be associated with the pathogenesis of gastric cancer as well as gastritis and gastroduodenal ulcer. It has been reported that the CagA of H. pylori widespread in East Asian countries, where the mortality rate due to gastric cancer is high, is structurally different from that in Western countries, where the gastric cancer mortality rate is relatively low. In this study, we generated an antibody, East Asian CagA-specific antibody (,-EAS Ab), which is specifically immunoreactive with East Asian CagA but not with Western CagA. The CagA was immunohistochemically detected at the surface of the gastric mucosa. Interestingly, positive immunoreactivity was also detected in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the infected gastric epithelium, suggesting that CagA may play some pathogenic role in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Immunohistochemistry of 47 gastric biopsy specimens detected East Asian CagA-positive H. pylori in 43 cases. In 46 of the 47 cases examined, the data obtained by immunohistochemistry were completely consistent with those obtained by sequencing of the cagA gene of the isolated strain, suggesting that our immunohistochemical method is reliable and useful for diagnosis of the cagA genotype. (Cancer Sci 2007; 98: 521,528) [source] Evolution of a degradative bacterial consortium during the enrichment of naphtha solventJOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 6 2000L. Cavalca A microbial mixed culture able to degrade naphtha solvent, a model of hydrocarbon aromatic mixture, was isolated from a hydrocarbon-polluted soil. Composition of the population was monitored by phenotypic and molecular methods applied on soil DNA, on whole enrichment culture DNA, and on 85 isolated strains. Strains were characterized for their 16S rDNA restriction profiles and for their random amplified polymorphic DNA profiles. Catabolic capabilities were monitored by phenotypic traits and by PCR assays for the presence of the catabolic genes methyl mono-oxygenase ( xylA,M), catechol 2,3 dioxygenase (xylE) and toluene dioxygenase (todC1) of TOL and TOD pathways. Different haplotypes belonging to Pseudomonas putida, Ps. aureofaciens and Ps. aeruginosa were found to degrade aromatic compounds and naphtha solvent. The intrinsic catabolic activity of the microbial population of the polluted site was detected by PCR amplification of the xylE gene directly from soil DNA. [source] Detection by PCR of adhesins genes and slime production in clinical Staphylococcus aureusJOURNAL OF BASIC MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2008Tarek Zmantar Abstract The presence of the ica loci and adhesins genes in clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains were considered important factors of virulence. In this study, 46 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from auricular infection, and were investigated for slime production using Congo Red Agar method (CRA). In order to detect the adhesins genes (ica A, ica D, fnb A, cna, Clf A) Polymerase Chain Reaction was used. Qualitative biofilm production of S. aureus using CRA plates revealed that 56.5% of strains were slime producers. In addition 78.26% of strains were ica A and ica D positive. While the fnbA gene was present in 76.1% of isolated strains. Furthermore, 56.5% of strains have the cna gene and 30.4% were clfA positives. Overall this study confirms the presence of fnb A and ica A/ica D genes in the majority of studies S. aureus strains isolated from Staphylococcal sepsis. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Quality and Functional Characteristics of Chungkukjang Prepared with Various Bacillus sp.JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 4 2005Isolated from Traditional Chungkukjang ABSTRACT: Bacillus circulans, Brevibacillus brevis, B. licheniformis, B. coagulans, B. subtilis, and B. sterothermophillus were isolated and identified from chungkukjangs (Korean traditional soybean paste fermented for a few day). Chungkukjang was prepared on a laboratory scale with soybeans and the isolated strains. Characteristics of the chungkukjangs including slime material content, free amino acid content, sensory qualities, and antimutagenicity were determined. The content of slime material, which is an important indicator of the quality of chungkukjang, was highest in B. licheniformis -inoculated chungkukjang, andlowestin B. sterothermophillus -inoculated chungkukjang. The total content of glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine, which contribute a savory taste to chungkukjangs, was highest in B. licheniformis-inoculated chungkukjang. The content of leucine, which gives a bitter taste, was highest inB. brevis -inoculated chungkukjang. Sensory evaluation revealed that chungkukjangs made using B. licheniformis and B. subtilishad a weak bitter taste and strong sweet and savory taste and good color, so their overall acceptability was high. Chungkukjang fermented with B. circulans and B. licheniformis inhibited N-Methyl-N,-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) mutagenicity by more than 80%. B. licheniformis-inoculated chungkukjang exhibited the highest antimutagenicity against and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and MNNG. These results suggest that using B. licheniformis to ferment chungkukjang increases the antimutagenic properties and improves the sweet and savory taste by increasing glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine concentrations. [source] TAXONOMIC STUDY OF TWO NEW GENERA OF FUSIFORM GREEN FLAGELLATES, TABRIS GEN.JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 2 2009On the basis of LM, we isolated strains of two species of fusiform green flagellates that could be assigned to former Chlorogonium (Cg.) Ehrenb. One species, "Cg."heimii Bourr., lacked a pyrenoid in its vegetative cells and required organic compounds for growth. The other was similar to Cg. elongatum (P. A. Dang.) Francé and "Cg."acus Nayal, but with slightly smaller vegetative cells. Their molecular phylogeny was also studied based on combined 18S rRNA, RUBISCO LSU (rbcL), and P700 chl a -apoprotein A2 (psaB) gene sequences. Both species were separated from Chlorogonium emend., Gungnir Nakada and Rusalka Nakada, which were formerly assigned to Chlorogonium. They were accordingly assigned to new genera, Tabris Nakada gen. nov. and Hamakko (Hk.) Nakada gen. nov. as T. heimii (Bourr.) Nakada comb. nov. and Hk. caudatus Nakada sp. nov., respectively. Tabris is differentiated from other genera of fusiform green flagellates by its vegetative cells, which only have two apical contractile vacuoles and lack a pyrenoid in the chloroplast. Hamakko, on the other hand, is distinguishable by the fact that its pyrenoids in vegetative cells are penetrated by flattened thylakoid lamellae. [source] GENE SEQUENCE DIVERSITY AND THE PHYLOGENETIC POSITION OF ALGAE ASSIGNED TO THE GENERA PHAEOPHILA AND OCHLOCHAETE (ULVOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYTA),JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 4 2004Charles J. O'Kelly The phylogenetic position of microfilamentous marine green algae assigned to the species Phaeophila dendroides, Entocladia tenuis (Phaeophila tenuis, and Ochlochaete hystrix was examined through phylogenetic analyses of nuclear-encoded small subunit rDNA and chloroplast-encoded tufA gene sequences. These analyses placed the P. dendroides strains within the Ulvophyceae, at the base of a clade that contains representatives of the families Ulvaceae, Ulvellaceae, and the species Bolbocoleon piliferum, supporting an earlier hypothesis that P. dendroides constitutes a distinct lineage. Substantial divergence in both nuclear and plastid DNA sequences exists among strains of P. dendroides from different geographic localities, but these isolated strains are morphologically indistinguishable. The lineage may have an accelerated rate of gene sequence evolution relative to other microfilamentous marine green algae. Entocladia tenuis and O. hystrix are placed neither in the P. dendroides clade nor in the Ulvellaceae as previous taxonomic schemes predicted but instead form a new clade or clades at the base of the Ulvaceae. Ruthnielsenia gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate Kylin's species, which cannot be placed in Entocladia (=Acrochaete), Phaeophila, or Ochlochaete. Ruthnielsenia tenuis (Kylin) comb. nov., previously known only from Atlantic coasts, is reported for the first time from the Pacific coast of North America (San Juan Island, WA, USA). Isolates of R. tenuis from the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America have identical small subunit rDNA and tufA gene sequences. [source] Superficial community-acquired skin infections: prevalence of bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility in FranceJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 12 2009G Lorette Abstract Objective, Evaluation of the susceptibility to currently used antibiotics of bacteria, particularly S. aureus isolated from superficial community- acquired skin infection and to compare results with those from an earlier study. Methods, Every dermatologist in community practice participating in the study was asked to include the first two patients consulting them for superficial cutaneous bacterial infection. Swab specimens collected from the skin infection were sent to a central laboratory. Results, The dermatologist enrolled 390 patients in the study. The rate of positive culture was 49%, 259 bacterial strains were isolated. S. aureus was the major species (56.8% of all isolated strains). S. aureus was resistant to methicillin in 4%. All strains of S. aureus were susceptible to pristinamycin and mupirocin. Conclusions, The results of the two epidemiological studies of superficial community acquired skin infections with a comparable methodology at a 6-year interval demonstrated that the prevalence of CA-MRSA skin infection remained low in this setting. [source] Characterization of Bacillus subtilis strains in Thua nao, a traditional fermented soybean food in northern ThailandLETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Y. Inatsu Abstract Aims:, To clarify the diversity of Bacillus subtilis strains in Thua nao that produce high concentrations of products useful in food manufacturing and in health-promoting compounds. Method and Results:, Production of amylase, protease, subtilisin NAT (nattokinase), and gamma-polyglutamic acid (PGA) by the Bacillus subtilis strains in Thua nao was measured. Productivity of protease NAT by these strains tended to be higher than by Japanese commercial natto-producing strains. Molecular diversity of isolated strains was analysed via randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR fingerprinting. The strains were divided into 19 types, including a type with the same pattern as a Japanese natto-producing strain. Conclusion:,B. subtilis strains that could be a resource for effective production of protease, amylase, subtilisin NAT, or PGA were evident in Thua nao produced in various regions in northern Thailand. Significance and Impact of the Study:, This study clearly demonstrated the value of Thua nao as a potential resource of food-processing enzymes and health-promoting compounds. [source] | |||||||||||||