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Inventory Score (inventory + score)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	87%

Selected Abstracts

Factors affecting vocabulary acquisition at age 2 in children born between 23 and 28 weeks' gestation

DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 8 2007
Louise Marston MSc
Language development is often slower in preterm children compared with their term peers. We investigated factors associated with vocabulary acquisition at 2 years in a cohort of children born at 28 weeks' gestation or less. For children entered into the United Kingdom Oscillation Study, language development was evaluated by using the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories score, completed by parents as part of a developmental questionnaire. The effect of demographic, neonatal, socioeconomic factors, growth, and disability were investigated using multifactorial random effects modelling. Questionnaires were returned by 288 participants (148 males, 140 females). The mean number of words vocalized was 42 (SD 29). Multifactorial analysis showed only four factors were significantly associated with vocabulary acquisition. These were: (1) level of disability (mean words: no disability, 45; other disability, 38; severe disability, 30 [severe disability is defined as at least one extreme response in one of the following clinical domains: neuromotor, vision, hearing, communication, or other physical disabilities]; 95% confidence interval [CI] for the difference between no and severe disability 7- 23); (2) sex (39 males, 44 females; 95% CI 0.4-11); (3) length of hospital stay (lower quartile, 47; upper quartile, 38; 95% CI -12 to -4); and (4) weight SD score at 12 months (lower quartile, 39; upper quartile, 44; 95% CI 1,9). There was no significant association between gestational age and vocabulary after multifactorial analysis. There was no significant effect of any socioeconomic factor on vocabulary acquisition. We conclude that clinical factors, particularly indicators of severe morbidity, dominate the correlates of vocabulary acquisition at age 2 in children born very preterm. [source]

Millon Behavioral Health Inventory Scores of Patients With Chronic Pain Associated with Myofascial Pain Syndrome

PAIN MEDICINE, Issue 4 2001
David A. Fishbain MSc, FAPA
Objectives., Normative data for the coping styles and psychogenic attitudes of the Millon Behavioral Health Inventory (MBHI) for male and female chronic pain patients (CPPs) with mixed pain diagnoses have previously been reported and compared with normative MBHI manual data. However, results from other studies have suggested that CPPs with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) may need to be considered as a distinct group in psychiatric/psychological studies. The purpose of the present study was then to provide normative data for each MBHI scale for male and female CPPs with MPS and to compare these data with MBHI manual norms for similarities and differences. Setting.,Multidisciplinary pain facility. Patients.,CPPs with an associated diagnosis of MPS. Outcome Measure.,MBHI base rate scores. Methods. CPPs with an associated diagnosis of MPS were first broken down into two groups: males and females. Analyses were then performed using the MBHI base rate scores of these two groups. For each group, the percentages of CPPs who had a base rate of 75 or above were calculated for each individual coping style and psychogenic attitude. These percentages were then compared by chi square with percentages of patients with base rate scores of 75 or above for each coping style and psychogenic attitude to the MBHI Manual normative sample. Results., Female CPPs with MPS differed from MBHI Manual normative counterparts on two of the six psychogenic attitude scales (future despair and somatic anxiety); no differences were found in any of the eight coping style scales. Male CPPs with MPS differed from MBHI Manual normative counterparts on one coping style scale (sociable) and three psychogenic attitude scales (premorbid pessimism, future despair, and somatic anxiety). Conclusions., The pattern of the results indicated that CPPs with MPS, especially males, differ from the MBHI Manual normative data counterparts. These differences appear to be greater than those for CPPs with mixed pain diagnoses. Differences in MBHI scale scores between CPPs with MPS and MBHI Manual normative data counterparts may be related to a number of issues, such as whether differences in state factors reflecting depression and anxiety might affect trait factors purportedly measured by the MBHI. [source]

Gender Differences in Treatment-Seeking Chronic Headache Sufferers

HEADACHE, Issue 7 2001
Dawn A. Marcus MD
Objective.,To identify gender differences within a group of patients seeking treatment for chronic headache. Previous studies of the general population have reported differences in headache symptoms, frequency, disability, and psychological distress, with women affected with more severe and disabling symptoms than men. This study evaluated these features in a population seeking treatment. Methods.,Two hundred fifty-eight consecutive patients with headache attending a university headache clinic were evaluated with questionnaires about headache symptoms and psychological distress. Comparisons between men and women were made for headache symptoms, severity, frequency, trigger factors, comorbid depression and anxiety, and response to treatment. Results.,There were no gender differences in headache symptoms, frequency, severity, and duration. Headache triggers were gender-specific, with men more likely to endorse exercise and women more likely to endorse stress and exposure to odors. Psychological comorbidity was similar among men and women seeking treatment, with a mean Beck Depression Inventory score of 10 and a mean Spielberger trait anxiety score of 39 for both men and women. Disability was greater in men, with 46% reporting restrictions in activities more than 3 days per week because of headache compared with 29% of women. In addition, men were more likely to contribute headache control to external figures than women. Conclusions.,Patients seeking treatment for chronic headache do not have the same gender-specific differences that have been reported in general population surveys. Men who seek treatment for headache are more likely to have significant disability, and are equally likely to have symptoms of depression and anxiety as women who seek treatment. Clinical and research investigations of headache triggers need to be gender-specific. [source]

Quality of private personal care for elderly people with a disability living at home: correlates and potential outcomes

HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY, Issue 4 2008
Claudio Bilotta MD
Abstract To investigate correlates of the quality of private personal care for community-dwelling elderly people, this cross-sectional study enrolled 100 elderly outpatients living at home, along with their private aides and 88 informal caregivers, from May 2005 to January 2007. Cases were stratified according to the quality of private care as was described by both elderly participants and informal caregivers. In cases where the elderly person was suffering from overt cognitive impairment, only the opinions of the informal caregivers were taken into account. A comparison was made between the ,poor or fair care' group (n = 16), the ,intermediate care' group (n = 39) and the ,optimal care' group (n = 45). Considering the characteristics of private aides, there was a significant trend across the three groups in terms of language skills (P = 0.002) and level of distress with life conditions (P = 0.020). A statistical analysis performed on elderly participants without an overt cognitive impairment (n = 59) and informal caregivers showed an increase in the European Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale score in the elderly group [mean ± standard deviation (SD) were, respectively, 45 ± 23.2, 63.7 ± 19.7 and 68.8 ± 21.6; P = 0.007], and a decrease in the Caregiver Burden Inventory score (mean ± SD were, respectively, 34.9 ± 25.3, 26 ± 17.7 and 17.6 ± 14.6; P = 0.020) across the three groups. We found no significant difference between elderly people in the three groups in terms of social variables, functional and cognitive status, prevalence of depressive disorders and morbidity. Therefore, good language skills and non-distressing life conditions of private aides appeared to be correlates of an optimal quality of care for community-dwelling elderly people with a disability, and also a better quality of life for them and less distress for their informal caregivers appeared to be potential outcomes of the quality of personal care. [source]

Effect of enhanced external counterpulsation on medically refractory angina patients with erectile dysfunction

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 5 2007
W. E. Lawson
Summary Patients with refractory angina often suffer from erectile dysfunction. Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) decreases symptoms of angina, and increases nitric oxide release. This study evaluated the effect of EECP on sexual function in men with severe angina. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) was used to assess erectile function of severe angina patients enroled in the International EECP Patient Registry. Their symptom status, medication use, adverse clinical events and quality of life were also recorded before and after completing a course of EECP. A cohort of 120 men (mean age 65.0 ± 9.7) was enroled. The men had severe coronary disease with 69% having a prior myocardial infarction, 90% prior coronary artery bypass graft or percutaneous coronary intervention, 49% with three vessel coronary artery disease, 86% were not candidates for further revascularisation, 71% hypertensive, 83% dyslipidaemia, 42% diabetes mellitus, 75% smoking and 68% using nitrates. Functional status was low with a mean Duke Activity Status Inventory score of 16.6 ± 14.8. After 35 h of EECP anginal status improved in 89%, and functional status in 63%. A comparison of the IIEF scores pre- and post-EECP therapy demonstrated a significant improvement in erectile function from 10.0 ± 1.0 to 11.8 ± 1.0 (p = 0.003), intercourse satisfaction (4.2 ± 0.5 to 5.0 ± 0.5, p = 0.009) and overall satisfaction (4.7 ± 0.3 to 5.3 ± 0.3, p = 0.001). However, there were no significant changes in orgasmic function (4.2 ± 0.4 to 4.6 ± 0.4, p = 0.19) or sexual desire (5.3 ± 0.2 to 5.5 ± 0.2). The findings suggest that EECP therapy is associated with improvement in erectile function in men with refractory angina. [source]

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: The bone-anchored hearing aid in the rehabilitation of single-sided deafness: experience with 58 patients

CLINICAL OTOLARYNGOLOGY, Issue 4 2010
T.P.C. Martin
Clin. Otolaryngol. 2010, 35, 284,290 Objectives:, To assess the efficacy of the bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) in the rehabilitation of single-sided deafness (SSD). Study design:, Retrospective case,control series review. Setting:, Tertiary referral unit. Patients:, Fifty-eight consecutive patients that had a bone-anchored hearing aid for single-sided deafness completed outcome questionnaires, building upon earlier audiological assessment of 19 patients. Single-sided deafness controls (n = 49) were mainly acoustic neuroma patients. Main outcome measurements: speech discrimination testing in directional noise, speech and spatial qualities of hearing questionnaire and the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI). Results:, The mean follow-up time was 28.4 months. Five (13%) of the bone-anchored hearing aid patients were non-users because of lack of benefit. The audiometric testing confirmed that when noise was on the bone-anchored hearing aid side speech perception was reduced but benefited when noise was on the side of the hearing ear. There was no difference between the Speech and Spatial Qualities of Hearing Scores in bone-anchored hearing aid users and controls. In particular there was no difference in the spatial subscores. In the bone-anchored hearing aid users the median Glasgow Benefit Inventory score was 11. If the non-users are included then 13 (22%) patients had no or detrimental (negative) Benefit scores. No or negative benefit scores were more frequent in those deaf for <10 years. In open-field questions, patients felt the bone-anchored hearing aid was most useful in small groups or in ,one-to-one' conversation. Conclusions:, Bone-anchored hearing aid rehabilitation for single-sided deafness is less successful than for other indications, reflected here by relatively low median Glasgow Benefit Inventory scores. There was also no significant difference between controls and bone-anchored hearing aid users in the Speech and Spatial Qualities of Hearing Questionnaire. Patients with a longer duration of deafness report greater subjective benefit than those more recently deafened, perhaps due to differing expectations. [source]

Coping Strategies and Relapse of Substance Abusers: A Case Study of the Therapeutic Community Program in Indonesia

ASIAN SOCIAL WORK AND POLICY REVIEW, Issue 2 2010
Adi Fahrudin
The present study examined the ability of people with substance-dependence problems to cope with stressful events and refrain from resuming alcohol drinking and the use of drugs. This study specifically examined the length of time that substance abusing-residents spent in a state-owned, residential-based therapeutic community program at Lembang-Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. A study sample of 68 residents completed a questionnaire with four sections. The results of this study showed no significant differences in the scores rating the coping behavior of the residents according to the length of stay in the program. This study also found no significant differences in the Coping Behavioral Inventory scores of the residents according to the level scores of total Coping Strategy Inventory. It is important for social workers to understand the relationship between the length of stay of residents and their ability to cope so that they can effectively engage in intervention work with individuals with substance-dependence issues who participate in the therapeutic community. [source]