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Interview Transcripts (interview + transcript)
Selected AbstractsThe workplace and nurses with a mental illnessINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 6 2009Terry Joyce ABSTRACT A qualitative approach was used to explore workplace experiences of nurses who have a mental illness. Interview transcripts from 29 nurses in New South Wales, Australia were subjected to discourse analysis. One significant finding was a theme depicting the need for support and trust. This superordinate theme encompassed four subelements: declaring mental illnesses, collegial support, managerial support, and enhancing support. Most of the participants portrayed their workplace as an unsupportive and negative environment. A number of colleagues were depicted as having little regard for the codes for professional nursing practice. This paper shows how nurses in the study dealt with the workplace support associated with mental illness. [source] Recognizing Opportunities for Spiritual Enhancement in Young AdultsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING TERMINOLOGIES AND CLASSIFICATION, Issue 3 2001Roberta Cavendish PhD Purpose. To describe opportunities in the lives of young adults that strengthen or enhance spirituality. Methods. Descriptive, qualitative. Tape-recorded, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 well adults the ages 18 to 24. Interview transcripts, field notes, vignettes, and research committee minutes were analyzed to reduce coded data into conceptual categories and themes. Findings. Seven themes emerged from the participant's responses to probes: Beliefs, Connectedness, Inner Motivating Factors, Life Events, Divine Providence, Understanding the Mystery, and Walking Through. Conclusions. The accurate assessment of spiritual needs of young adults may be contingent on the assessment of their developmental needs. Knowing the opportunities that present in the lives of young adults to foster spiritual growth is important for nurses, who often are present when these opportunities occur. Practice Implications. Standardized language is limited for accurate nursing diagnosis of human responses in the spiritual domain. The findings support a new wellness nursing diagnosis, "Readiness for Enhanced Spirituality," to conceptualize a spirituality continuum and support wellness diagnoses. Search Terms: Nursing diagnosis, psychosocial development, religiosity, spirituality, transitions stage [source] Individualized care: its conceptualization and practice within a multiethnic societyJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 1 2000Kate Gerrish BNurs MSc PhD RGN RM DN Cert Individualized care: its conceptualization and practice within a multiethnic society This paper reports on the selected findings from a larger ethnographic study of the provision of individualized care by district nurses to patients from different ethnic backgrounds. Undertaken in an English community National Health Service (NHS) Trust serving an ethnically diverse population, the study comprised two stages. First, an organizational profile of the Trust was undertaken in order to analyse the local policy context. Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews with managers and a review of policy documentation and caseload profiles. Second, a participant observational study was undertaken focusing on six district nursing teams. Purposive sampling was used to identify four teams with high minority ethnic caseloads and two teams with predominately white ethnic majority caseloads. Interview transcripts and field notes were analysed by drawing upon the principles of dimensional analysis. This paper focuses upon aspects of the second stage, namely how the nurses' conceptualized and practised individualized care. Six principles underpinning the philosophy of individualized care expounded by the nurses were identified: respecting individuality; holistic care; focusing on nursing needs; promoting independence; partnership and negotiation of care; and equity and fairness. Each is examined in turn and consideration given to how they were modified in their transformation into practice. Some implications for patients from minority ethnic backgrounds of the nurses' conceptualization and practice of individualized care are discussed. The lack of internal consistency within the nurses' discourse, the impact of policy directives on care delivery and the influence of factors outside the nurses' control, served to illuminate the complexity whereby the ideals of individualized care were adjusted and reworked in the realities of everyday nursing practice. This in turn raised questions about the appropriateness of the current interpretation and practice of individualized care in a multi-ethnic society. [source] Psychological functioning in families that blame: from blaming events to theory integrationJOURNAL OF FAMILY THERAPY, Issue 4 2005Ceri Bowen Blaming events in therapy were used as a focus for discussions with family therapists in order to examine their construal of the therapeutic process when working with families who blame. Interview transcripts were used as data which were analysed using a qualitative methodology, with a view to building a theoretical model. We present an exploratory model that allows therapists to position their therapy within a broader framework of psychological approaches. When prompted by a video-clip of blaming from the therapy setting, therapists tended to categorize current difficulties in terms of fear and control issues from past relationships and consequent underlying beliefs, and they also described the resultant negative outlook as a direct challenge to therapist idealism. Interestingly, the two themes that emerged from the interview data with the most categories and quotes were ,unhealthy allocation of responsibility for problems', which is arguably the main source of overt blaming, and ,family identity and cohesion', so often a point of contention during therapy. [source] A case study of occupational therapy managers in NSW: Roles, responsibilities and work satisfactionAUSTRALIAN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY JOURNAL, Issue 2 2009Jane E. Gamble Abstract Background: Job satisfaction has been shown to affect levels of staff retention and productivity, but few studies have been conducted on the work of occupational therapy managers and their job satisfaction. This study explores the roles and responsibilities of occupational therapy managers who are clinician-managers or manager-administrators, and sources of their work satisfaction. Methods: A collective case study involved telephone interviews with 16 occupational therapy managers. Semistructured interview questions were based on an earlier discussion with a separate group of occupational therapy managers. Interview transcripts were analysed for emerging themes. Results: There were no clear differences in the roles and responsibilities of the two types of managers (manager-administrators and clinician-managers); however, manager-administrators tended to be responsible for larger numbers of staff. Managers reported that taking a clinical caseload is often at their own discretion. A common challenge for managers is the balancing of priorities as a clinician and a manager. Managing people was a common source of joy and sometimes a source of frustration. Mediating between staff and senior management and the need for budget control and efficiencies was an important aspect of managers' work, as was their autonomy to make decisions. Conclusions: Occupational therapy managers assume responsibilities consistent with clinician managers across disciplines. The main sources of work satisfaction related to people management particularly when staff were working effectively as a team and there was respect from senior management. Further research will confirm whether there are no obvious differences between clinician-manager and manager-administrators, and whether there are clear differences in work-related frustration across sectors. [source] Clinical use of the adult attachment interview in parent,infant psychotherapyINFANT MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL, Issue 4 2004Miriam Steele This article provides an illustration of how the use of the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; George, Kaplan, & Main, 1985) can be extended beyond the research arena to its use as a clinical instrument in parent,infant psychotherapy. The article is based on the ongoing work of the Parent,Infant Project team at the Anna Freud Centre, London, where psychoanalytically trained therapists routinely administer the AAI early in the therapeutic process. In the first part of the article, we introduce the thinking behind the use of the AAI as a clinical tool and its particular relevance to the field of parent,infant psychotherapy. In the second part, we track the accruing clinical picture built up from a case example of the initial clinical sessions with a father who attended the Parent,Infant Project with his partner and two young children, and from the father's AAI. The discussion of the AAI material illustrates the distinct, yet related, interpretations of the parent,infant psychotherapist and the independent AAI coder as each made sense of the father's interview transcript. The resulting dialogue, between the psychodynamic-clinical and the attachment-research based approaches to the AAI, aims to highlight the added value the interview provides to the clinical understanding and process in parent,infant psychotherapy, which may ultimately help bridge the gap between the research and clinical domains. [source] Developing a parenting skills-and-support intervention for mothers with eating disorders and pre-school children part 1: qualitative investigation of issues to includeEUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW, Issue 5 2007Rachel Bryant-Waugh Abstract Objective This study aimed to (i) identify themes and issues that might usefully be addressed in a skills-and-support intervention for mothers with eating disorders who have children less than 5 years of age, and (ii) determine the most appropriate format for such an intervention. Method Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with seven mothers with eating disorders and pre-school children, and four local health professionals working with mothers of pre-school children. Results Thematic analysis of interview transcripts revealed 10 themes: ,Passing on Traits', ,Food Preparation and Provision', ,Interactions Around Food and Mealtimes', ,Mother's Intake', ,Self Care', ,Self Identity and Parental Expectations', ,Impact on General Parent,Child Relationship', ,Need for Control', ,The Group Experience' and ,Practicalities and Format'. Discussion Findings highlight a number of difficulties and concerns experienced by mothers with eating disorders who have pre-school age children. An intervention incorporating the identified themes could provide important support to this patient group and potential benefit to their offspring. © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. [source] Symbolization and emotional engagement in mothers' reports of child care activitiesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOANALYTIC STUDIES, Issue 1 2010Christopher Christian Abstract This study examines differences in mothers' emotional connection to their children as represented in narratives concerning a range of everyday parenting activities and interactions. First time mothers were interviewed over a period of approximately the first two years of their children's lives, using a semi-structured Parenting Function Interview (PFI), developed for purposes of this research. The new computerized Referential Activity (RA) measure, the Weighted Referential Activity Dictionary (WRAD), was applied to the interview transcripts. Significant differences in RA, representing differences in the symbolizing process and emotional engagement in particular parent,child activities, were found between mothers, and also according to child care topic. On average, mothers' RA was highest for topics of bathing, bedtime and pleasurable events, and lowest for angry and difficult moments. Themes of feeding were relatively low in RA for three of the four mothers, and reports of frightening events showed significantly higher RA than themes of anger for all mothers. Clinical implications of profiles of the mothers' emotional engagement in different topic areas are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Exploratory analysis of Chinese-American family caregivers' needs and instructional video on dressing stroke survivorsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSUMER STUDIES, Issue 5 2010Shu-Hwa LinArticle first published online: 18 AUG 2010 Abstract The aims of this project were to explore the needs of family caregivers in the Chinese-American community and to develop training videos for caregivers on dressing stroke survivors. In-depth, semi-structured, open-ended interviews were used to explore the problems of caregivers of stroke survivors. Forty participants were recruited from Chinese-American communities. Verbatim interview transcripts were coded and analyzed. Four main concerns emerged: the impact and adjustment in lifestyle for family caregivers; lack of social activities and failure to seek community support; physical and mental stress and methods to alleviate stress, such as instruction in heavy lifting and guidance for daily activities, which include dressing. An 18-min video was produced to provide instruction on dressing stroke survivors for those who need this information. Also, this article addresses the lack of social activities and information about community or public services. [source] Deep into the Shinnyo Spiritual WorldINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF JAPANESE SOCIOLOGY, Issue 1 2001Akira Kawabata "Shinnyo-en" (Garden of the Truth) is one of the most famous religious groups in Japan today. But outside Shinnyo-en it is difficult to understand Shinnyo teaching. By focusing on the words from interviews, this article depicts its spiritual world and analyzes the function of its spiritual power on interviewees. The believers' narrative is interpreted from a sociological perspective using computer-aided qualitative data analysis and a life history approach. The computer-aided coding method is found to be an effectual means to discover significant factors in Shinnyo teachings. This method has four steps: (1) interview transcripts are input in ASCII format in several groups according to the time we interviewed; (2) KT2 system, a set of programs for computerized content analysis, disaggregates the transcripts into words to which I assign codes; (3) the codes are integrated into several meaningful categories for a cross-tabular examination of two variables, times and categories; (4) a contour map made from the cross-table helps to grasp the significance of the categories and their relations in a life history. This procedure enables us to understand the significance of the "self", and the transformation of the "self" according to the time flows. The contour map of the belief commands a panoramic view of Shinnyo teaching. From this point of view we can scrutinize the interview data and describe the Shinnyo spiritual world as it is understood. [source] Adaptation of Sudanese Refugees in an Australian Context: Investigating Helps and HindrancesINTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, Issue 1 2010Jane Shakespeare-Finch The present study investigates the experiences of Sudanese refugees by exploring the themes that characterize participants' experiences in Sudan, en route, and at their Australian destination. In particular, the research identifies several factors that may be seen as ,helps' or ,hindrances' to Sudanese refugees' adaptation. Participants were 12 Sudanese refugees aged between 19 and 40 years old who had been residing in Australia for five years or less. A qualitative phenomenological approach to data collection and analysis was employed. Examination of the interview transcripts revealed that all participants identified both ,hindrances' and ,helps' toward adaptation and indicated that positive adaptation is not only possible, but probable for Sudanese refugees in spite of their past experiences of trauma and present resettlement difficulties. Several practical implications were elicited from the research including a need for programs that actively promote refugees' adaptation by encouraging the broadening of social networks. [source] Developing a valid and reliable self-efficacy in clinical performance scaleINTERNATIONAL NURSING REVIEW, Issue 2 2009F. Cheraghi phd Aim:, This paper describes the development and testing of the Self-Efficacy in Clinical Performance (SECP) instrument for nursing students. Background:, Accurate measurement of self-efficacy can be used to predict nursing students' clinical performance. The literature review indicated there is no existing self-efficacy in clinical performance instrument for Iranian nursing students. Methods:, To clarify the concept of self-efficacy in clinical performance, 28 semi-structured interviews and three focus groups were conducted. A self-efficacy framework with well-developed theoretical constructs was formed. A review of literature and content analysis of the interview transcripts identified subscales and items to be included in the instrument. Then, a methodological design was used. The SECP was developed into 69 Likert-format items, which were evaluated by 20 nursing experts in the form of content validity index. The scale's validity and reliability were tested in a randomized sample of 207 final year nursing students. Findings:, The final scale consists of four dimensions with 37 items. The overall scale internal reliability had , = 0.96; the dimensions Cronbach's , ranged from 0.90 to 0.92. Test,retest reliability with a 2-week time interval was: r = 0.94. In addition, concurrent validity was obtained (r = 0.73, P = 0.01). Conclusions:, The SECP has demonstrated evidence of content validity, construct validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency reliability and stability. Statistical analysis provided an objective tool for assessing nursing students' self-efficacy in clinical performance. It may have been fruitful to further test the instrument with students from other years of their education. [source] Understanding nursing on an acute stroke unit: perceptions of space, time and interprofessional practiceJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 9 2009Cydnee C. Seneviratne Abstract Title.,Understanding nursing on an acute stroke unit: perceptions of space, time and interprofessional practice. Aim. This paper is a report of a study conducted to uncover nurses' perceptions of the contexts of caring for acute stroke survivors. Background. Nurses coordinate and organize care and continue the rehabilitative role of physiotherapists, occupational therapists and social workers during evenings and at weekends. Healthcare professionals view the nursing role as essential, but are uncertain about its nature. Method. Ethnographic fieldwork was carried out in 2006 on a stroke unit in Canada. Interviews with nine healthcare professionals, including nurses, complemented observations of 20 healthcare professionals during patient care, team meetings and daily interactions. Analysis methods included ethnographic coding of field notes and interview transcripts. Findings. Three local domains frame how nurses understand challenges in organizing stroke care: 1) space, 2) time and 3) interprofessional practice. Structural factors force nurses to work in exceptionally close quarters. Time constraints compel them to find novel ways of providing care. Moreover, sharing of information with other members of the team enhances relationships and improves ,interprofessional collaboration'. The nurses believed that an interprofessional atmosphere is fundamental for collaborative stroke practice, despite working in a multiprofessional environment. Conclusion. Understanding how care providers conceive of and respond to space, time and interprofessionalism has the potential to improve acute stroke care. Future research focusing on nurses and other professionals as members of interprofessional teams could help inform stroke care to enhance poststroke outcomes. [source] Managing the self: living with an indwelling urinary catheterJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 7b 2007Debbie Kralik MN Aims., This paper reports the findings of a study that aimed to understand the perspectives of community dwelling adults' who lived with a permanently indwelling urinary catheter. The objectives of the research were to: reveal the participants' perspective of living in the community with a permanent indwelling urinary catheter, raise awareness of the experiences of catheterized men and women and to inform community nursing practice. Background., Catheter care is a common nursing intervention. Clinical Nurse Consultants (CNCs) with a focus on continence drove this inquiry because it was believed that Community Nurses may underestimate the impact that a permanently indwelling catheter may have on peoples' lives. Design., Structured interviews were undertaken with twelve men and nine women (n = 21), aged between 24 and 82 years and who had a permanently indwelling catheter (either urethral or supra pubic) for longer than six months. Analysis of the interview transcripts was a collaboration between the researchers and clinicians. Results., The most significant finding was that participants wanted to learn urinary catheter self-care as this allowed them to take control and gave relevance to their daily life. Data revealed a learning pattern consisting of seven interrelated themes as people have learned to self-manage: (i) resisting the intrusion of a catheter, (ii) reckoning with the need for a catheter, (iii) being vigilant for signs of problems, (iv) reconciling between the needs of self and others, (v) reclaiming life, (vi) managing self-care, and (vii) taking control. Conclusions., We do not suggest that people undergo a straightforward path toward catheter self-care, rather, that the seven interactive themes we have identified may be useful for observation in nursing practice whilst sensitizing nurses to clients' experiences of living with a catheter. Relevance to clinical practice., Promoting self-care of a catheter is not simply about educating clients about their condition or giving them relevant information. It is intrinsically a learning process, observing responses to every day events, such as the identification of the different sounds and sensations that may alert the individual to a full catheter bag, urine that has stopped flowing or signs of impending infection. [source] Protection, manipulation or interference with relationships?JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 5 2008Discourse analysis of New Zealand lawyers' talk about supervised access, partner violence Abstract Violence against women within the context of intimate relationships is a complex social problem in Aotearoa/New Zealand and internationally. Such abuse by men is particularly problematic because of its prevalence, and because of the extent and magnitude of deleterious effects on the health and psychological well-being of women and children. In New Zealand, the legal system is assumed to play an important role in protecting women and children from domestic violence. Through the Domestic Violence Act 1995 and the amended Guardianship Act 1968, persons who are physically, sexually or psychologically abusive to their children, or to their partner whilst children are present, may only be entitled to supervised access to these children. Although supervised access has been found to increase the safety of women and children, it remains a contentious issue. Because of the role that legal professionals have in the implementation of relevant legislation, the present research explored how lawyers make sense of supervised access in the context of domestic violence. Eighteen male and female lawyers were interviewed. Their interview transcripts were then subject to discourse analysis. This paper illustrates and discusses discourses used in relation to supervised access, including those that support protecting children from the harm of domestic violence through supervised access, and those that challenge the need for children's protection. Within the cluster of latter discourses, supervised access was not considered a means of balancing children's relationships with both parents with children's need for protection, or a way of enabling men to have a safe relationship with their children. Rather, it was constructed as violating men's rights to a relationship with their children, and children's right to a relationship with both parents. The prevalence of discourses opposing supervised access could affect the likelihood of women obtaining protection orders and supervised access conditions, and hence, women and children's safety. However, perpetuation of ,supportive' discourses could enhance women and children's well-being, and facilitate safe ongoing relationships between children and non-custodial parents. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Beneath the Surface: A Story of Leadership, Recruitment, and the Hidden Dimensions of Strategic Workplace DesignJOURNAL OF INTERIOR DESIGN, Issue 1 2000Sheila Danko M.I.D. ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to explore issues related to workplace design and corporate leadership in the 21st century, specifically the strategic leadership initiatives needed to recruit, retain, and motivate talented employees. The research design uses a qualitative research method called narrative or life stories in combination with a traditional case study approach. Cases selected had to be strategic, inspiring/aspiring, authentic, and multivocal. Both design process and design product were examined as well as the impact of design on the individual and the organization. Interview data were collected on site, audio taped, and transcribed verbatim to ensure accuracy. Focused narratives were then generated from the case study interview data. The transcripts were reviewed to identify major issues, recurring themes, and categories of analysis. The raw interview data were then sifted through Labov's six-part framework for organizing and interpreting narratives. The process of evolving the raw interview transcripts into a meaningful story followed Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach, and Zilber's (1998) holistic-content approach. A story entitled "Beneath the Surface" forms the basis of the results and discussion section, and presents a true account of how workplace design impacted the interview process through the eyes of a young executive recruit. The story revealed that the design of space factored heavily into the new recruit's decision-making process and ultimate acceptance of the position, and that the impacts of the workplace design extended beyond the initial recruitment to have longer-term implications for corporate competitiveness. The narrative also revealed that the chief administrative officer (CAO) and new director of organizational development viewed design as a strategic tool, and that the managing partner used design elements strategically to communicate her divisions' values and social mission. The story reveals strategic implications of both design process and product for six strategic leadership initiatives thought to impact overall quality of work life, and to enhance recruitment and retention: differentiating quality of life as a competitive edge, aligning individual values with corporate values, building a sense of community, nurturing professional growth and knowledge transfer, communicating social mission, and leaving a legacy of social change. Design was shown to play a supportive role for each of the above leadership initiatives. [source] Police officers' use of emotional language during child sexual abuse investigationsJOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND OFFENDER PROFILING, Issue 1 2006Gavin Oxburgh Abstract This paper examined the use of emotional language by police officers that interview child victims as well as suspects during sexual offence investigations. It was hypothesised that officers who interviewed child victims prior to questioning suspects would use more emotional utterances during interviews with the suspect than those who had not interviewed the child victims. In addition, it was also hypothesised that the number of emotional utterances used would vary as a function of the gender of the interviewer and the type of offence (e.g. intra or extrafamilial abuse). Thirty-four interview transcripts of investigative interviews with alleged sex offenders were analysed and, contrary to the hypothesis, the results revealed a significant effect of prior acquaintance with the victim, in that a greater number of negative emotional utterances (e.g. contempt, disgust and anger) were used by interviewers who had not previously interviewed the victim. There were no significant effects with regard to gender of the interviewer or the type of offence (e.g. extra, or intrafamilial abuse) and the study found that, despite recent recommendations, the majority of police officers had not received specialist investigative interviewing specific to sex offenders. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Doing and Being Well (for the Most Part): Adaptive Patterns of Narrative Self-Evaluation During BereavementJOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 3 2001Jack J. Bauer Narrative self-evaluation patterns were studied in relation to longitudinal measures of adaptation to the death of a spouse in midlife. Narrative self evaluations, identified in open-ended interview transcripts at 6 months post-loss, were coded as either positive or negative and as either doing-based (evaluations of "what one does") or being-based (evaluations of "what one is"). These narrative variables were then compared with separate, clinical-interview measures of grief at 6, 14, and 25 months post-loss. Results confirmed three predictions. First, participants who made an optimal proportion of positive to negative self-evaluations (approximately a 5:1 positive-to-negative ratio) had lower grief levels over time than did those who made either higher or lower proportions. Second, the tendency to focus on evaluations of what one does rather than what one is predicted lower grief levels over time. Third, participants who directly integrated doing-based and being-based self-evaluations had lower grief levels over time than those who did not link the two. Implications for the narrative construction of personal meaning and identity in relation to adaptation are discussed. [source] The nature of middle school learners' science content understandings with the use of on-line resourcesJOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE TEACHING, Issue 3 2003Joseph L. Hoffman Early research on using the World Wide Web indicated that middle school students did not explore much and used Web tools naively. In response to these challenges, an on-line research engine, Artemis, was designed to provide a permanent workspace and allow students access to preselective on-line resources. This study investigated the depth and accuracy of sixth-grade students' content understandings as well as their use of search and assess strategies when they used on-line resources via Artemis. Eight student pairs from two science classes experienced support from teachers and used scaffolded curriculum materials while completing four on-line inquiry units during 9 months. Multiple sources of data were collected, including video recordings of students' computer activities and conversations, students' artifacts and on-line postings, classroom and lab video recordings, and interview transcripts. Analyses of data showed that students constructed meaningful understandings through on-line inquiry, although the accuracy and depth of their understandings varied. The findings suggest that students might develop accurate and in-depth understandings if they use search and assess strategies appropriately, if resources are thoughtfully chosen, and if support from the learning environment is extensively provided. This research lends evidence to questions regarding the value of students engaging in on-line inquiry. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 40: 323,346, 2003 [source] Mexican American High School Students' Ethnic Self-Concepts and IdentityJOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES, Issue 1 2010Stephen M. Quintana Mexican American high school students (N= 24) were administered semistructured interviews about their psychological experience of ethnicity. The interview focused on individual, friendship, peer group, and family domains. Qualitative analyses of the interview transcripts revealed six domains including ethnic identity, socialization, intraethnic support and challenge, interethnic relations and attitudes, ethnic transcendence, and ethnic differences and similarities. These six domains were graphically depicted that differentiated ethnic self-concepts from ethnic identity processes and identified the intraethnic and interethnic influences of the ethnic self-concepts and identity processes. There were three ethnic self-concepts (i.e., cultural self, possible minority self, and self that transcends ethnic group boundaries). These basic three ethnic self-concepts are consistent with other researchers' identification of analogous ethnic self-concepts and socialization messages across a wide range of contexts. Implications for future empirical and theoretical research are discussed. [source] Predictors of Success in Individuals with Learning Disabilities: A Qualitative Analysis of a 20-Year Longitudinal StudyLEARNING DISABILITIES RESEARCH & PRACTICE, Issue 4 2003Roberta J. Goldberg The research described here is part of a larger longitudinal project tracing the lives of a group of individuals with learning disabilities who attended the Frostig Center more than 20 years ago. The purpose of the larger project has been to identify variables that predict successful outcomes for adults with learning disabilities. This article focuses on the qualitative findings obtained using an ethnographic approach to analyzing in-depth interviews with participants. Six previously identified "success attributes" (self-awareness, proactivity, perseverance, appropriate goal setting, effective use of social support systems, and emotional stability/emotional coping strategies) were further defined. Using qualitative analysis, significant components of the success attributes that differentiated the successful from unsuccessful groups were identified, and changes over time were revealed. In addition, the following new themes were identified: (1) the learning disability exerted a critical influence across the entire lifespan; (2) there were differences in participants' family functioning; and (3) there were differences in participants' social relationships. Support for the salience of the success attributes and the additional themes to the participants is given in the form of direct quotations from the corpus of interview transcripts. Qualitative methodologies are stressed throughout the study for the purpose of obtaining an "insider's view" of LD. [source] Reframing professional development for first-line nursesNURSING INQUIRY, Issue 1 2008Darlaine Jantzen Within a context of healthcare restructuring and a shift toward individualized continuing competency in Canada, this inductive, narrative inquiry explored positive learning experiences of first-line acute care nurses. The written stories of eight self-selected participants were collected and unstructured follow-up interviews were conducted. The stories and interview transcripts were examined using categorical-content and holistic-form analysis, and analyzed in light of literature relating to adult education and professional development in nursing. Emergent themes included life-changing learning and learning through one's own, and other's, experiences. The findings highlight the need to re-frame professional development for nurses in Canada, specifically by valuing and utilizing shared workplace experiences. [source] Unique Outcomes of Women and Men Who Were AbusedPERSPECTIVES IN PSYCHIATRIC CARE, Issue 1 2003Claire Burke Draucker PhD PROBLEM. To determine if individuals who have experienced extensive victimization throughout their lives tell stories about "unique outcomes." METHODS. An examination of existing narrative data collected from 27 women and 17 men who had participated in one of several qualitative studies of sexual violence. Unique outcomes stories identified from the interview transcripts were categorized according to the type of experiences described, and the nature of men an women's stores were compared. FINDINGS. Six types of unique outcomes stories were identified in the women's narratives (rebellion, breaking free, resurgence, refuge, determination, confidant) and three types in the men's narratives (reawakening, buddy and normal guy, champion). CONCLUSIONS. Unique outcomes stories are common in narratives otherwise focused on abuse. Common themes are apparent, and the nature of men's and women's stories differ markedly. [source] Use of information feedback and attentional focus of feedback in treating the person with a hemiplegic armPHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2009Katherine Durham Abstract Background and Purpose.,Feedback about motor performance can induce either an internal focus of attention (about body movement) or an external focus of attention (about the effects on the environment) in the learner. The main aim of this pilot study was to examine the attentional focus of feedback given by physiotherapists during treatment of the hemiplegic arm. A second aim was to examine the frequency of feedback about motor performance during treatment.,Method.,A multi-methods design was used (quantitative and qualitative). Eight physiotherapists and eight patients with stroke were recruited from two hospitals. Data were collected by video recordings of treatment, interviews (both therapists and patients) and questionnaire (therapists). Information feedback, instructions and motivational statements were identified from the video recordings. Feedback and instructions were further grouped into internal focus, external focus or mixed focus of attention. Themes were drawn from the interview transcripts. Triangulation was used to provide corroborating information from the different data sets.,Results.,Two hundred and forty-six of the total 1914 statements identified in the videos were feedback, the rest comprising instructions and statements of motivation. Of the feedback statements, 236 of the total 247 identified had an internal focus. Therapist interviews and questionnaires revealed more external focus communication than actual treatment.,Conclusions.,Physiotherapists used instructions and statements of motivation more than feedback and directed the patient's attention more to body movement than movement effects. The outcome of this study may prompt clinicians' to examine the amount and the attentional focus of the feedback they use in their clinical practice, and to consider whether it is a most effective approach in light of current evidence. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Librarians's reflective practice in electronic reserves: An exploration of sources of copyright knowledge and professional developmentPROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2007Jomkwan Polparsi he research question of this study was what formal and informal sources librarians use in dealing with electronic reserves and in developing their copyright knowledge. The exploration of the sources of copyright knowledge was expected to drive issues and challenges in library practice to emerge, and to influence the design of further in-depth study. The study employs a qualitative, naturalistic data collection methodology and an inductive data analysis methodology. The study applies Schon's reflection theory as a sensitizing theoretical framework to help understand the processes of librarians' decision about electronic reserves. To date, three librarians have been interviewed. In interviews, librarians thought aloud critical incidents of electronic reserves requests and the sources of copyright knowledge they use. Qualitative analysis was carried out through in-depth analysis of interview transcripts and follow-up interviews for clarification and confirmations of the findings. The analysis aimed at formal and informal sources that librarians use and on evidence of reflection-on-action. The findings point to both formal and informal sources, and suggest that the sources represent social and institutional cues that undermine practice and decision making. Issues emerged are that librarians and stakeholders debate over copyright fair use guidelines and standards in electronic reserves, and over different meanings of fair use. To better understand library practice, it is important to explore social and institutional cues embedded in the real world. [source] Developing Political Competence: A Comparative Study Across DisciplinesPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 4 2001Joanne W Rains D.N.S. Political activism is one way that nurses care for individuals and communities, and intervene in the broad range of socioeconomic factors influencing health. Though policy advocacy is a core public health function and a valuable nursing activity, the process of acquiring requisite skills and attitudes for political involvement is not often explored. What crucial experiences enfranchise nursing students toward future policy involvement? What is the student journey toward political competence? Do nursing students vary from students of other disciplines in this process? In-depth interviews were conducted with baccalaureate nursing students and political science students who were near graduation. Content analysis of interview transcripts revealed several themes. Despite rich examples of activism, nursing students viewed public policy as a barrier, and did not see connections between the personal, professional, and political. Nursing seemed grounded in application and service, demonstrating by involvement that they could "walk the walk." Political science involvement originated in theory, and resulted in more articulate discourse on the subject: they could "talk the talk." The data suggest a need for interdisciplinary dialogue, faculty modelling of political competence, opportunities for students to realize personal, professional, and political connections, and a concern of socialization in the context of global citizenship. [source] Understanding how advance care planning is approached in the residential aged care setting: A continuum model of practice as an explanatory deviceAUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING, Issue 4 2009Christopher Shanley Objective:, To gain an understanding of how advance care planning (ACP) is understood and approached by managers of residential aged care facilities. Methods:, Qualitative interviews with managers from 41 residential aged care facilities from South Western Sydney, Australia. Content and thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Results:, The majority of facilities do not have a systematic approach to ACP, but tend to initiate discussions about end-of-life treatments late in a resident's illness. There are varying degrees to which these discussions are used in ongoing care planning or made explicit if the resident is transferred to hospital. A number of factors are identified that support the implementation of ACP. Conclusion:, A continuum model of practice is proposed that describes four broad approaches to practice under the domains of initiation, scope, follow-up and documentation of ACP as well as the organisational leadership adopted around ACP. [source] Synergy and sustainability in rural procedural medicine: Views from the coalfaceAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 1 2010Andrew Swayne Abstract Objective:,The practice of rural and remote medicine in Australia entails many challenges, including a broad casemix and the remoteness of specialist support. Many rural practitioners employ advanced procedural skills in anaesthetics, surgery, obstetrics and emergency medicine, but the use of these skills has been declining over the last 20 years. This study explored the perceptions of rural general practitioners (GPs) on the current and future situation of procedural medicine. Design:,The qualitative results of data from a mixed-method design are reported. Free-response survey comments and semistructured interview transcripts were analysed by a framework analysis for major themes. Setting:,General practices in rural and remote Queensland. Participants:,Rural GPs in Rural and Remote Metropolitan Classification 4,7 areas of Queensland. Main outcome measure:,The perceptions of rural GPs on the current and future situation of rural procedural medicine. Results:,Major concerns from the survey focused on closure of facilities and downgrading of services, cost and time to keep up skills, increasing litigation issues and changing attitudes of the public. Interviews designed to draw out solutions to help rectify the perceived circumstances highlighted two major themes: ,synergy' between the support from medical teams and community in ensuring ,sustainability' of services. Conclusions:,This article presents a model of rural procedural practice where synergy between staff, resources and support networks represents the optimal way to deliver a non-metropolitan procedural service. The findings serve to remind educators and policy-makers that future planning for sustainability of rural procedural services must be broad-based and comprehensive. [source] Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis Methods: The INSTINCT TrialACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 11 2007William J. Meurer MD Patient care practices often lag behind current scientific evidence and professional guidelines. The failure of such knowledge translation (KT) efforts may reflect inadequate assessment and management of specific barriers confronting both physicians and patients at the point of treatment level. Effective KT in this setting may benefit from the use of qualitative methods to identify and overcome these barriers. Qualitative methodology allows in-depth exploration of the barriers involved in adopting practice change and has been infrequently used in emergency medicine research. The authors describe the methodology for qualitative analysis within the INcreasing Stroke Treatment through INteractive behavioral Change Tactics (INSTINCT) trial. This includes processes for valid data collection and reliable analysis of the textual data from focus group and interview transcripts. INSTINCT is a 24-hospital, randomized, controlled study that is designed to evaluate a system-based barrier assessment and interactive educational intervention to increase appropriate tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) use in ischemic stroke. Intervention hospitals undergo baseline barrier assessment using both qualitative as well as quantitative (survey) techniques. Investigators obtain data on local barriers to tPA use, as well as information on local attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs regarding acute stroke treatment. Targeted groups at each site include emergency physicians, emergency nurses, neurologists, radiologists, and hospital administrators. Transcript analysis using NVivo7 with a predefined barrier taxonomy is described. This will provide both qualitative insight on thrombolytic use and importance of specific barrier types for each site. The qualitative findings subsequently direct the form of professional education efforts and system interventions at treatment sites. [source] Fostering self-esteem: exploring adult recollections on the influence of foster parentsCHILD & FAMILY SOCIAL WORK, Issue 4 2008Nikki Luke ABSTRACT Foster parents are in a unique position to improve the self-esteem of children in their care, which may be lower than that of their non-fostered peers. According to Harter's dual-influence model, both general support or attachment and domain-specific support contribute to self-esteem. The current study used this model to explore the ways in which foster parents had influenced the self-esteem of a sample of five adults with differing foster care experiences. Retrospective interviews were used to gather memories of high self-esteem from time spent in foster care. A thematic analysis of the interview transcripts supported Harter's model, and provided a number of examples of ways in which foster parents could boost children's self-esteem. The model was further extended to show the importance of ,normality' and inclusion for this sample of fostered adults. Further research on this topic is recommended with a view to widening the scope of foster carer training beyond attachment theory. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||