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International Communication (international + communication)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Humanities and Social Sciences	33%

Selected Abstracts

The Role of Communication in Global Civil Society: Forces, Processes, Prospects

INTERNATIONAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2001
Edward Comor
The author examines the concept of global civil society (GCS) through the use of theoretical tools and empirical evidence related to the study of International Communication. He demonstrates that scholarship on GCS tends to simplify the process through which information becomes knowledge and that the state system,GCS relationship often is presented in terms of an ahistorical power dichotomy. In relation to these problems, what the author calls "GCS progressives" tend to underplay political-economic factors shaping GCS, including the implications of structural power; they tend to emphasize the importance of spatial integration while neglecting related changes in temporal norms; and, more essentially, they often under-theorize the importance of socialization processes and relatively unmediated relationships in the ongoing construction of "reality." The author concludes that through a more focused analysis,concentrating on how new technologies can be used to organize nationally and locally, and on lifestyle changes associated with communications developments,more precise analyses and fruitful strategies for GCS progressives may emerge. [source]

International Communication, Ethnography, and the Challenge of Globalization

COMMUNICATION THEORY, Issue 3 2003
Patrick D. Murphy
This article articulates media ethnography with international communication theory in the context of globalization. It explores the history and regional trajectories of media ethnography, as well as anthropology's epistemological and political issues of representation that have become relevant to media studies. The authors argue that rethinking the limits and potential of media ethnography to address cultural consumption also necessarily involves considering how ethnography can serve to engender a vision of international communication theory grounded in the practices of everyday life. This reformulation is crucial at a time when some media scholars celebrate difference via microassessments of postcolonial locales and the plurality of cultures without attempting to consider global structural concerns. In fact, the authors argue, if media ethnographies are rigorously developed, they can offer international communication theory the material to bridge the gap between meaning and structure without losing site of the complexity, context, and power imbalances inherent in processes of globalization. [source]

The Need for International Communications in Artificial Organs Research and Development and Clinical Practice

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 1 2004
Paul S. Malchesky D.Eng.
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Macroscopic Classificatrion of Early Colorectal Carcinoma: A Comparison Between Japan and China

DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY, Issue 4 2000
Fang-yu Wang
Background: To clarify the similarities and dissimilarities in the macroscopic classification criteria for early colorectal carcinoma (CRC) between Japan and China. Methods: Six early CRC cases were included in this study. Eleven Japanese and Chinese endoscopists were asked to review the colonoscopic pictures of these cases, including before and after indigocarmine spraying. After viewing the pictures, all the endoscopists individually made their classificatory diagnoses of these cases and indicated the findings on which they based each diagnosis. Results: Some lesions diagnosed by Japanese endoscopists as IIa or IIa + IIc, might be classified as Is or Isp by Chinese endoscopists. For superficial lesions consisting of elevation with central depression, IIa + depression, IIa + IIc or IIc + IIa were classified according to the ratio of elevated area/depressed area. However, international as well as interobserver differences still existed in the classification of such lesions. In addition, most Chinese endoscopists overlooked the slightly depressed part on the top of a protruded lesion. Conclusion: Discrepancies on macroscopic classification for early CRC do exist between Japanese and Chinese endoscopists, which were found not only in terminology, but also in recognition of some lesions. In order to develop a universal macroscopic classification, there is a great need for international communication and cooperation. [source]

Current usage of nomenclature for parasitic diseases, with special reference to those involving arthropods

MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 2 2001
R. W. Ashford
Abstract. Terminological confusion has been aggravated by efforts to develop a standardized nomenclature for parasitic diseases (SNOPAD) arising from the proposal by Kassai et al., 1988) for a standardized nomenclature of animal diseases (SNOAPAD). To restabilize international nomenclature of parasitic diseases it is recommended that, whenever appropriate, names should follow the ,International Nomenclature of Diseases' (IND) compiled by the Council for International Organizations for Medical Sciences (CIOMS/WHO, 1987). For diseases not included in IND, familiarity should guide the choice of name: traditional English language names of diseases should be preferred, e.g. ,malaria', ,scabies' or, for parasitic diseases having no traditional name, the taxonomic name of the causative organism should be applied, e.g. ,Brugia timori microfilaraemia'; ,Plasmodium malariae infection'; ,Simulium allergy' , instead of the generic derivatives proposed by SNOPAD, i.e. brugiosis, plasmodiosis and simuliidosis, respectively. For names of new diseases or those rarely mentioned, the suffix -osis would normally take precedence. Generally, the name of choice for any disease in any language should be the vernacular term, with commonest English usage preferred for international communication, and publications should include synonyms in the list of keywords. [source]

Evidence-based medicine: the time has come to set standards for staging,

THE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2010
Phil Quirke
Abstract For international communication in cancer, staging systems such as TNM are essential; however, the principles and processes used to decide about changes in every new edition of TNM need to be subject to debate. Changes with major impact for patient treatment are introduced without evidence. We think that TNM should be a continual reactive process, rather than a proactive process. Changes should only occur after extensive discussion within the community, and before the introduction of any changes these should be tested for reproducibility and compared to the currently used gold standard. TNM should not be used to test hypotheses. It should introduce established facts that are beneficial to predicting patient prognosis. TNM should thus be restructured on a basis equivalent to evidence-based guidelines. The strength of the evidence should be explicitly stated and the evidence base given. It is time for the principles of staging to be widely debated and new principles and processes to be introduced to ensure that we are not in the same situation in the future. The disparity between therapeutic decision making and TNM staging is marked and we would appeal for the radical overhaul of TNM staging to make it fit for the twenty-first century. TNM is central to the management of cancer patients and we must protect and enhance its reputation. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]