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And Adolescent Psychiatry (and + adolescent_psychiatry)
Kinds of And Adolescent Psychiatry Selected AbstractsThe association between substance use co-morbidity in adolescence and adult criminal behaviourPERSONALITY AND MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2008Ellen KjelsbergArticle first published online: 26 MAR 200 The impact of substance use co-morbidity in adolescence on criminal behaviour in adulthood was investigated in a long-term follow-up study of former adolescent psychiatric in-patients. A nationwide representative sample of 1,,095 adolescents (46% females) was followed up 15-33 years after admission to the National Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Oslo, Norway. At index hospitalisation in adolescence, 32% fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for a co-morbid substance use disorder (SUD). At follow-up, 63% of all males and 39% of all females had received a court conviction. SUD in adolescence seemed to be a sine qua non for later registered overall criminality in females but not in males. The association between substance use co-morbidity and later violent offending was strong in both genders. Substance use was closely associated with life-course-persistent criminality and more serious criminal careers in both genders. Substance use was also associated with increased mortality. Analysing secular trends in criminal activity during the last several decades, we found that substance use co-morbidity remained an independent predictor for violent and drug related offences in both genders after controlling for cohort membership. The findings could help identify high-risk populations in need of preventive interventions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The prevalence of psychiatric disorder in children attending a school for pupils with emotional and behavioural difficultiesBRITISH JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION, Issue 4 2001Elizabeth Cassidy The research presented in this article suggests that young people attending schools for pupils with emotional and behavioural difficulties are more likely to experience concurrent psychiatric disorders (comorbidity) than their peers in mainstream schools. Dr Cassidy (Consultant in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry), Dr James (Consultant and Honorary Senior Lecturer in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry) and Dr Wiggs (Research Psychologist) used questionnaires and interviews with parents and teachers, together with pupil self-reporting, to gather their data. The two-stage investigation suggested that 89% of the adolescents in one school for pupils with EBD met established criteria for the diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder. Conduct disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) emerged as the most common psychiatric difficulties, but emotional disorders were also prominent in the data. These untreated problems are likely to have significant long-term implications for the psychological and educational development of the pupils concerned, and the authors speculate on some of the ways in which psychiatric and education services might work together in order to improve the outlook. [source] Psychosocial Experiences of Parents of a Child With Imperforate AnusJOURNAL FOR SPECIALISTS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING, Issue 4 2009Margret Nisell PURPOSE., This study aims to examine the psychosocial experiences of parents of children with imperforate anus (IA) and to describe their potential positive experiences. DESIGN AND METHODS., Parents of IA children and a comparison group answered a questionnaire, which was analyzed quantitatively and with manifest content analysis. RESULTS., Social relationships and respect for the child's will were more affected among IA mothers. Positive experiences were revealed in relation to the child, the parent, and the family. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS., Support to parents in caring for a child with IA should be individualized and occasionally undertaken through collaboration with experts from child and adolescent psychiatry. [source] Attitudes of early-career psychiatrists in Japan toward child and adolescent psychiatry and their career decisionPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 2 2010Masaru Tateno MD The aim of the present study was to carry out a national survey to understand the attitude of early-career psychiatrists toward child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP). The subjects were 348 early-career psychiatrists. A questionnaire was sent to the subjects and returned anonymously. A total of 234 subjects (67.2%) responded. Ten out of 115 psychiatrists (8.9%) in their first,third year of experience, and 18 of 119 psychiatrists (15.1%) in their fourth,10th year answered that they had interest in CAP. Psychiatry rotations with adequate CAP cases may be necessary to attract early-career psychiatrists to CAP. [source] JCPP , The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry: a history from the insideTHE JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES, Issue 1-2 2009Michael Berger As the JCPP marks its 50th year of publication, this paper revisits the founding philosophy and traces the journey from the first issue through to the present. The history of the JCPP reflects the many changes that have come about in the fields of developmental psychology and child and adolescent psychiatry and the changes introduced both to meet the needs and shape the practices of clinicians and researchers. It documents the achievements of the Journal and the contributions made by many in enabling its success. As the JCPP moves forward it will enjoy the benefits of the major technological and other advances being made in research, in the evolving and expanding knowledge base, and in the modes of publication, as well as needing to manage the associated challenges that will inevitably impact on its future. [source] Inpatient treatment in child and adolescent psychiatry , a prospective study of health gain and costsTHE JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES, Issue 12 2007Jonathan Green Background:, Inpatient treatment is a complex intervention for the most serious mental health disorders in child and adolescent psychiatry. This is the first large-scale study into its effectiveness and costs. Previous studies have been criticised for methodological weaknesses. Methods:, A prospective cohort study, including economic evaluation, conducted in 8 UK units (total n = 150) with one year follow-up after discharge. Patients acted as their own controls. Outcome measurement was the clinician-rated Childhood Global Assessment Scale (CGAS); researcher-rated health needs assessment; parent- and teacher-rated symptomatology. Results:, We found a significant (p < .001) and clinically meaningful 12-point improvement in CGAS following mean 16.6 week admission (effect size .92); this improvement was sustained at 1 year follow-up. Comparatively, during the mean 16.4 week pre-admission period there was a 3.7-point improvement (effect size .27). Health needs assessment showed similar gain (p < .001, effect size 1.25), as did teacher- and parent-rated symptoms. Improvement was found across all diagnoses. Longer stays, positive therapeutic alliance and better premorbid family functioning independently predicted better outcome. Mean cost of admission was £24,100; pre-admission and post-discharge support costs were similar. Conclusions:, Inpatient treatment is associated with substantive sustained health gain across a range of diagnoses. Lack of intensive outpatient-treatment alternatives limits any unqualified inference about causal effects, but the rigour of measurement here gives the strongest indication to date of the positive impact of admission for complex mental health problems in young people. [source] The Global Absence of Child and Adolescent Mental Health PolicyCHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 3 2004Jess P. Shatkin Background:, Few policies designed specifically to support child and adolescent mental health exist worldwide. The absence of policy is a barrier to the development of coherent systems of mental healthcare for children and adolescents. Method:, This study collected data on existing policies from international databases, WHO headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, and in consultation with experts in child and adolescent psychiatry from around the world. A set of criteria for ranking the adequacy of these policies was developed. Results:, Though no single country was found to have a mental health policy strictly pertaining to children and adolescents alone, 35 countries (corresponding to 18% of countries worldwide) were found to have identifiable mental health policies, which may have some beneficial impact on children and adolescents. Though little has been achieved worldwide in this area, there has been a significant degree of movement towards policy development in the past 10 years. The policies identified vary greatly in terms of their provisions for delivering services, initiating research, training professionals, and educating the public. Conclusions:, The development of mental health policies is feasible and would substantially aid in the expansion of service systems, the institutionalisation of culturally relevant data gathering, and the facilitation of funding. [source] | |||||||||||||