Information Technology (information + technology)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Distribution within Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting

Kinds of Information Technology

  • health information technology

  • Terms modified by Information Technology

  • information technology industry

  • Selected Abstracts


    PRODUCTIVITY AND THE PENETRATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

    ECONOMIC PAPERS: A JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS AND POLICY, Issue 4 2001
    HUW McKAY
    First page of article [source]


    ANGLES OF INTEGRATION: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ALIGNMENT OF INTERNET-BASED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION

    JOURNAL OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2010
    JÖRN-HENRIK THUN
    This paper investigates the relationship between the focus and implementation degree of Internet-based information technology (IT) applications and the scope and orientation of process-oriented integration in global supply chains. Using data from 205 plants, which were collected in conjunction with the High Performance Manufacturing project, the degree of supplier and customer integration and its match with the implemented IT instruments supporting interorganizational collaboration are investigated empirically. Different types of integration are differentiated from each other with the help of factor, percentile and cluster analyses. The focus and degree of IT integration is measured for each of the resulting groups and the alignment of both aspects is analyzed with the help of an approach referred to as the angles of integration. With respect to supply chain integration and IT implementation, the analysis of different integration strategies shows that most of the plants do not align their IT implementation with their supply chain strategy. The paper helps companies to evaluate the alignment of their use of IT techniques with their global supply chain management emphases. Additionally, possible reasons for a potential missmatch of functional strategies are discussed giving managers insights for dealing more effectively with a strategic alignment. Furthermore, it refines an existing framework for the comparison of different supply chain integration strategies and applies it with IT. Based on the angles of integration, the match of supply chain integration and IT is investigated by statistical analyses. [source]


    A Course Design That Features a Constructivist Approach to Teaching Introduction to Information Technology

    DECISION SCIENCES JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATION, Issue 2 2003
    Donald E. Hardaway
    [source]


    Developing Consensus in Emergency Medicine Information Technology

    ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 11 2004
    Jonathan A. Handler MD
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]


    Information Technology and Emergency Medical Care during Disasters

    ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 11 2004
    Theodore C. Chan MD
    Abstract Disaster response to mass-casualty incidents represents one of the greatest challenges to a community's emergency response system. Rescuers, field medical personnel, and regional emergency departments and hospitals must often provide care to large numbers of casualties in a setting of limited resources, inadequate communication, misinformation, damaged infrastructure, and great personal risk. Emergency care providers and incident managers attempt to procure and coordinate resources and personnel, often with inaccurate data regarding the true nature of the incident, needs, and ongoing response. In this chaotic environment, new technologies in communications, the Internet, computer miniaturization, and advanced "smart devices" have the potential to vastly improve the emergency medical response to such mass-casualty incident disasters. In particular, next-generation wireless Internet and geopositioning technologies may have the greatest impact on improving communications, information management, and overall disaster response and emergency medical care. These technologies have applications in terms of enhancing mass-casualty field care, provider safety, field incident command, resource management, informatics support, and regional emergency department and hospital care of disaster victims. [source]


    Information Technology and Productivity Changes in the Banking Industry

    ECONOMIC NOTES, Issue 1 2007
    Luca Casolaro
    This paper analyses the effects of investment in information technologies (IT) in the financial sector using micro-data from a panel of 600 Italian banks over the period 1989,2000. Stochastic cost and profit functions are estimated allowing for individual banks' displacements from the best practice frontier and for non-neutral technological change. The results show that both cost and profit frontier shifts are strongly correlated with IT capital accumulation. Banks adopting IT capital-intensive techniques are also more efficient. On the whole, over the past decade IT capital-deepening contribution to total factor productivity growth of the Italian banking industry can be estimated in a range between 1.3 and 1.8 per cent per year. [source]


    C60 Nanostructures for Applications in Information Technology,

    ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 4 2009
    Oliver Senftleben
    Carbon nanostructures,such as nanotubes, fullerenes, or graphene sheets,are studied widely in search of future applications in electronic devices. In our work, we demonstrate the possibility of embedding C60 fullerene molecules into a crystalline silicon matrix to form highly confined carbon- , -layers as well as into an amorphous SiO2 gate stack for possible application as a charge storage device. [source]


    Information Technology and the World Growth Resurgence

    GERMAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Issue 2 2007
    Dale W. Jorgenson
    Growth; investment; productivity; information technology Abstract. This paper analyzes the impact of investment in information technology (IT) on the recent resurgence of world economic growth. We describe the growth of the world economy, seven regions, and 14 major economies during the period 1989,2004. We allocate the growth of world output between input growth and productivity and find, surprisingly, that input growth greatly predominates! Moreover, differences in per capita output levels are explained by differences in per capita input, rather than variations in productivity. The contributions of IT investment have increased in all regions, but especially in industrialized economies and Developing Asia. [source]


    Use of Information Technology to Improve the Quality of Health Care in the United States

    HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH, Issue 2 2003
    Eduardo Ortiz
    First page of article [source]


    The Use of Information Technology by National Unions: An Exploratory Analysis

    INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, Issue 1 2002
    Jack Fiorito
    Exploratory factor analysis and correlation techniques are applied to survey data to examine national unions' use of information technology (IT). We identify common dimensions in current and planned use of IT forms, its applications, and implementation issues. Finally, relations among these dimensions and selected union characteristics are examined. [source]


    Auditor Detected Misstatements and the Effect of Information Technology

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDITING, Issue 3 2004
    William F. Messier Jr.
    This paper presents information on the causes and detection of misstatements by auditors and the relationship of those misstatements with information technology (IT). The last major study of misstatements and IT used data that were gathered in 1988. In the intervening period, there have been significant changes in IT, possibly altering the error generation and detection process. Two research questions related to detected misstatements and the effect of IT are examined. The six largest public accounting firms in Norway provided data from 58 engagements. We find that (1) the major causes of misstatements were missing, poorly designed, and improperly applied controls; inadequate methods used to select, train and supervise accounting personnel; and an excessive workload for accounting personnel, (2) missing and poorly designed controls, and excessive workload for accounting personnel were more likely to be causes of misstatements in computerized business processes than those that were not computerized, and (3) the increased use of tests of details over attention directing procedures on audits appears to result from auditors deciding that it is more effective or efficient to conduct such tests than rely upon IT controls. These findings have important implications for both audit practitioners and researchers. [source]


    Urban Space and Cyberspace: Urban Environment in the Age of Media and Information Technology

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF JAPANESE SOCIOLOGY, Issue 1 2002
    Mikio Wakabayashi
    Today, the many innovations and the spread of new media and information technologies are bringing new realities to contemporary society. In Japanese sociology, this social transformation is called johoka, or information,oriented transformation. The present study examines two aspects of today's urban environment, concerning this social transformation. One is the phenomenon of "Disneylandization" of the urban environment and the other is the emergence of "cyberspace" or the "cybercity". The former is the proliferation of areas and buildings filled with signs and designs that are quoted from other historical or geographical contexts, and arranged under some "theme" or "concept", such as theme parks. The latter is the emergence of "virtual spaces" and the "virtual city" in computer networks, especially on the Internet. The former is a change in the physical urban environment and the latter is a phenomenon of the non,physical environment, inside computers. However, in spite of this contrast, these phenomena can be considered to result from the same social transformation,that is, the new relationship between space and society. The semantic emptiness, and expectations and desires for a sense of "placeness" in contemporary society are the preconditions of both phenomena. Often these elements are regarded as postmodern phenomena, yet it is of interest to explore Disneylandization and the emergence of the cybercity as the latest versions of the modern urban transformation and the modern urbanism. [source]


    Future Directions for the Teaching and Learning of Statistics at the Tertiary Level

    INTERNATIONAL STATISTICAL REVIEW, Issue 1 2001
    Des F. Nicholl
    Summary Significant advances in, and the resultant impact of, Information Technology (IT) during the last fifteen years has resulted in a much more data based society, a trend that can be expected to continue into the foreseeable future. This phenomenon has had a real impact on the Statistics discipline and will continue to result in changes in both content and course delivery. Major research directions have also evolved during the last ten years directly as a result of advances in IT. The impact of these advances has started to flow into course content, at least for advanced courses. One question which arises relates to what impact will this have on the future training of statisticians, both with respect to course content and mode of delivery. At the tertiary level the last 40 years has seen significant advances in theoretical aspects of the Statistics discipline. Universities have been outstanding at producing scholars with a strong theoretical background but questions have been asked as to whether this has, to some degree, been at the expense of appropriate training of the users of statistics (the ,tradespersons'). Future directions in the teaching and learning of Statistics must take into account the impact of IT together with the competing need to produce scholars as well as competent users of statistics to meet the future needs of the market place. For Statistics to survive as a recognizable discipline the need to be able to train statisticians with an ability to communicate is also seen as an areà of crucial importance. Satisfying the needs of society as well as meeting the needs of the profession are considered as the basic determinants which will derive the future teaching and training of statisticians at the tertiary level and will form the basis of this presentation. [source]


    International Society Blood Transfusion Working Party on information technology

    ISBT SCIENCE SERIES: THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT, Issue 1 2008
    P. Bruce
    The aims and goals of the International Society Blood Transfusion Working Party on Information Technology (WPIT) are to define and promote strategies on using ITs for transfusion medicine and related areas considering usability, implementability, financial and business impacts. The focus is on new, emerging ITs and their applicability. The active topics involve radio-frequency identification applications, interfacing equipment and IT systems, and automated system validation. [source]


    The influence of IT: perspectives from five Australian schools

    JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING, Issue 4 2002
    J. Ainley
    Abstract Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are now widespread in Australian schools but with variation in how, where, when and how much they are used. Computers may be located in a computer laboratory, distributed throughout the school, or students may use their own laptop computers. IT may be a subject in its own right or ICT may be used across all areas of the curriculum. It is how ICT is used in the school setting that is important in providing students with the skills to be participate in a ,knowledge society'. This paper examines the ways in which information and communication technologies influence teaching and learning in five Australian schools. Data were gathered through observation, interviews and document analysis in schools operating at the elementary and secondary grades in relatively technology rich environments. Each of the schools participated in the Australian component of the Second Information Technology in Education Study, Module 2 (SITES-M2) of innovative pedagogical practices. Several of the studies were of specific projects where ICT was the key enabler of the learning programme. Others focused on an entire school's approach to ICT as an agent for changed approaches to learning. [source]


    ,Reliability' Reconsidered: A Critique of the HRO-NAT Debate

    JOURNAL OF CONTINGENCIES AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2001
    Alan Jarman
    The concept of reliability is beginning to take on new meaning as Information Technology becomes pervasive in both the private and public sectors. This topic deserves further attention as new mobile Internet systems proliferate. This research note is concerned with developing a more operational understanding of the concept of ,reliability'. The HRO-NAT Debate is raising many related issues in this regard. However, the article goes further and seeks to provide a multi-level contingent schema for this purpose. [source]


    Ethics and Information Technology: Protecting Your Company and Your Employees

    JOURNAL OF CORPORATE ACCOUNTING & FINANCE, Issue 5 2001
    Peter A. Stanwick
    Companies that rely heavily on electronic information processing cannot afford an ethical slip. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source]


    Getting IT: Using Information Technology to Empower People with Communication Difficulties

    JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 3 2008
    Linda Selby
    [source]


    Fueling Innovation through Information Technology in SMEs,

    JOURNAL OF SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2008
    Clay Dibrell
    This paper describes a study that investigates the mediating effects of information technology (IT) on the relationships among product and process innovations and firm performance (measured in multiple profitability and growth rate metrics). Using structural equation modeling on a sample of 397 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we find evidence that (1) increases on the strategic emphasis placed on innovation, both product and process, positively impact the prominence managers place on IT; (2) the impact of innovation (both product and process) on performance (both profitability and growth) is primarily indirect, felt via the mechanism of the importance managers place on IT; and (3) an increased emphasis on IT abets managers' perception of their firms' performance, as compared with that observed among peer firms (other SMEs). [source]


    Knowledge management for corporate entrepreneurship and growth: a case study

    KNOWLEDGE AND PROCESS MANAGEMENT: THE JOURNAL OF CORPORATE TRANSFORMATION, Issue 1 2008
    Fátima Guadamillas
    This study presents a case of corporate entrepreneurship analyzed from a Knowledge-based perspective as an extension of the Resource-based View (RBV) of the firm. This approach proposes that the development of knowledge can underpin the growth of the firm through corporate entrepreneurship. Following this perspective, we analyze the way an established firm uses resources and capabilities, especially its accumulated knowledge, as a foundation on which to develop a growth strategy through diversification to related businesses in the fields of electronics and Information Technology (IT). Moreover, we identify some of the most important factors contributing to the success of this strategy, such as the internal development and integration of relevant technological knowledge, human resources (HR) policies, organizational flexibility, knowledge management tools based on IT, and purchase of companies and cooperation agreements for the acquisition of external knowledge. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]


    Information Technology and Adult Learners at Empire State College

    NEW DIRECTIONS FOR STUDENT SERVICES, Issue 102 2003
    Patricia J. Lefor
    Successful introduction of technology-delivered education to adult students can be enhanced by attention to program development, reliance on easy-to-use technology readily available to a wide range of students, and the parallel development of online learner supports and student services. [source]


    A MOOcentric Perspective on Education and Information Technology

    NEW DIRECTIONS FOR TEACHING & LEARNING, Issue 94 2003
    Wesley Cooper
    This chapter is a personal account of the transformative nature of technology on the teaching and learning of one faculty member. [source]


    Reinventing the Democratic Governance Project through Information Technology?

    PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW, Issue 1 2003
    A Growing Agenda for Debate
    Postindustrial societies have arrived at a moment of immense democratic and entrepreneurial opportunities that has been made possible by information technology. At the same time, however, these opportunities pose potential threats if they are not debated and planned for in consensually,legitimate ways. This article examines the current problems of representative democracy and the impact of information technology on the current and future quality of democratic governance. Four generic models of "electronic democracy" that are made possible by interactive information Technologies,electronic bureaucracy, information management, populist, and civil society,are analyzed in terms of their applicability and impact. Information technology's impact on the roles, responsibilities, and accountability of citizens, elected representatives, the media, and corporations is also examined. This article proposes strategies for reinventing democratic governance, including recognizing community values, accommodating critical debate, and providing access for citizen participation in policy analysis. [source]


    Good Laboratory Practice (GLP);

    QUALITY ASSURANCE JOURNAL, Issue 1 2006
    initialling;
    The aim of the present document is to provide guidance on the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)-compliant acquisition and processing of electronic raw data. The life cycle of electronic raw data and their related meta data from the data acquisition to the data processing and the generation of results is shown. The different roles and responsibilities for data entry, data editing, data approval, and data freezing are specified. The requirements for time stamps, audit trails, and the identification of acting persons are described. Furthermore different levels of laboratory instrument integration in a LIMS are discussed. This document is intended to aid test facilities, and to promote the use of a common standard, but it should not be considered as a legally binding document. These guidelines may evolve with experience over the next few years and may be modified to reflect interpretations made by other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries. The present guidelines were prepared by the Working Group on Information Technology (Arbeitsgruppe Informationstechnologie, AGIT). This group consists of representatives from Swiss industry and the Swiss GLP monitoring authorities. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]


    The Hippocratic Bargain and Health Information Technology

    THE JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS, Issue 1 2010
    Mark A. Rothstein
    The shift to longitudinal, comprehensive electronic health records (EHRs) means that any health care provider (e.g., dentist, pharmacist, physical therapist) or third-party user of the EHR (e.g., employer, life insurer) will be able to access much health information of questionable clinical utility and possibly of great sensitivity. Genetic test results, reproductive health, mental health, substance abuse, and domestic violence are examples of sensitive information that many patients would not want routinely available. The likely policy response is to give patients the ability to segment information in their EHRs and to sequester certain types of sensitive information, thereby limiting routine access to the totality of a patient's health record. This article explores the likely effect on the physician-patient relationship of patient-directed sequestration of sensitive health information, including the ethical and legal consequences. [source]


    Health Care Information Technology in Rural America: Electronic Medical Record Adoption Status in Meeting the National Agenda

    THE JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2008
    James A. Bahensky MS
    ABSTRACT:,Continuing is a national political drive for investments in health care information technology (HIT) that will allow the transformation of health care for quality improvement and cost reduction. Despite several initiatives by the federal government to spur this development, HIT implementation has been limited, particularly in the rural market. The status of technology use in the transformation effort is reviewed by examining electronic medical records (EMRs), analyzing the existing rural environment, identifying barriers and factors affecting their development and implementation, and recommending needed steps to make this transformation occur, particularly in rural communities. A review of the literature for HIT in rural settings indicates that very little progress has been made in the adoption and use of HIT in rural America. Financial barriers and a large number of HIT vendors offering different solutions present significant risks to rural health care providers wanting to invest in HIT. Although evidence in the literature has demonstrated benefits of adopting HIT such as EMRs, important technical, policy, organizational, and financial barriers still exist that prevent the implementation of these systems in rural settings. To expedite the spread of HIT in rural America, federal and state governments along with private payers, who are important beneficiaries of HIT, must make difficult decisions as to who pays for the investment in this technology, along with driving standards, simplifying approaches for reductions in risk, and creating a workable operational plan. [source]


    Information Technology and Law in Russia

    THE JOURNAL OF WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, Issue 1 2000
    Protecting Information under Russian Law
    First page of article [source]


    Geospatial Information Technology for Emergency Response

    THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECORD, Issue 126 2009
    Anthony Beck
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]


    Information Technology, Organizational Transformation and Productivity Growth: An Examination of the Brynjolfsson,Hitt Proposition

    ASIAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, Issue 1 2010
    Ky-hyang Yuhn
    O31; O32; O33 This study investigates what happened to productivity growth during the Information Technology (IT) revolution in an IT-driven economy, Korea. To this end, we have decomposed the source of productivity growth into technological change, technical efficiency and scale economies using a stochastic frontier function and examined how the composition of productivity growth has changed with different phases of IT developments. We have used panel data that is comprised of 4022 firms from 1996 to 2000. We have found that Korean firms have been quick to embrace organizational restructuring to adapt to a new business environment brought about by IT, which seems to be the major source of the success of Korean firms. We have also found that: (i) there is no substantial difference in productivity gains between IT-producing firms and IT-using firms; (ii) productivity growth is more robust to business cycles in an IT-driven economy than in the traditional economy; and (iii) efficiency improvement attributed to organizational transformation plays a greater role in productivity growth as IT applications become more widespread. [source]


    Qualitätsprüfung für Energieausweis-Software

    BAUPHYSIK, Issue 3 2009
    Klaus Fehlauer Prof. Dr. Dr.
    Energieeinsparung; Technische Regelwerke Abstract Nach der Einführung der Energieeinsparverordnung 2007 (EnEV 2007) beauftragte das Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung (BBR) ein Forschungsprojekt, um die am Markt verfügbare Software zur EnEV 2007 einer Qualitätsprüfung zu unterziehen. Der Zweck des Projektes war die Prüfung hinsichtlich einer korrekten Nachweisführung und Energiepassausstellung sowie die Erarbeitung von Methoden zur Qualitätsprüfung und -sicherung mit dem Ziel, Transparenz bei den am Markt vorhandenen Softwarelösungen zu schaffen. Darüber hinaus sollte durch die Bereitstellung von Testmodulen die Möglichkeit geschaffen werden, vorhandene Softwareprodukte durch das Aufdecken von Mängeln stetig weiter zu entwickeln, um so die Qualität der Produkte auf hohem Niveau dauerhaft zu sichern. Es wurden 15 Softwareprogramme für Nichtwohngebäude und 13 Programme für Wohngebäude für die Bedarfsberechnung nach DIN 4108-6 und DIN V 4701-10 und für Verbrauchsausweiserstellung untersucht. Im Rahmen dieser Veröffentlichung wurden schwerpunktmäßig die Ergebnisse für die Bedarfsberechnungen auf Basis von DIN V 18599 für den Nichtwohngebäudebereich vorgestellt. Quality tests for Energy Passport software. Shortly after the introduction of the 2007 Building Energy Conservation Ordinance (EnEV 2007), the German Institute for Applied Information Technology in Construction (IAIB) was commissioned by the German Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (BBR) to carry out quality tests for the EnEV 2007 software available on the market. The specified project aims were to check calculation and Energy Passport issuing procedures and the development of quality assurance methods with the aim of creating transparency regarding the software solutions available on the market. 15 software programs for office buildings and 13 software programs for residential buildings were examined with regard to the determination of energy demand according to DIN V 18599 and with regard to energy consumption. [source]