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Influential Work (influential + work)
Selected AbstractsA View on Creative Cities Beyond the HypeCREATIVITY AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2008Gert-Jan Hospers Fuelled by the influential work of urban guru Richard Florida, the European knowledge economy is seeing a rise of cities calling themselves ,creative cities'. In this paper we have a look at the concept of creative cities and offer a view on them beyond the hype. We understand ,creative cities' as competitive urban areas that combine both concentration, diversity, instability as well as a positive image. Examples of creative cities in history and recent best practice of two such urban areas in Europe (Řresund and Manchester) show that local governments cannot plan knowledge, creativity and innovation from scratch. We conclude, however, that local governments can increase the chance that urban creativity emerges by providing the appropriate framework conditions. [source] Beyond Cultural Imperialism: Cultural Theory, Christian Missions, and Global ModernityHISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 3 2002Ryan Dunch "Cultural imperialism" has been an influential concept in the representation of the modern Christian missionary movement. This essay calls its usefulness into question and draws on recent work on the cultural dynamics of globalization to propose alternative ways of looking at the role of missions in modern history. The first section of the essay surveys the ways in which the term "cultural imperialism" has been employed in different disciplines, and some of the criticisms made of the term within those disciplines. The second section discusses the application of the cultural imperialism framework to the missionary enterprise, and the related term "colonization of consciousness" used by Jean and John Comaroff in their influential work on British missionaries and the Tswana of southern Africa. The third section looks at the historiography of missions in modern China, showing how deeply the teleological narratives of nationalism and development have marked that historiography. The concluding section argues that the missionary movement must be seen as one element in a globalizing modernity that has altered Western societies as well as non,Western ones in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and that a comparative global approach to the missionary movement can help to illuminate the process of modern cultural globalization. [source] William Law and The Fable of the BeesJOURNAL FOR EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY STUDIES, Issue 3 2009ANDREW STARKIE Abstract Bernard Mandeville's Fable of the Bees (1723), an influential work of moral and economic theory, was decried as a libertine publication. The response of William Law to Mandeville, Remarks on the Fable of the Bees (1724), attacked the work on both the rational and the rhetorical level. Despite his reputation as a pious High-Churchman, Law was as adept as his opponent at employing the fashionable rhetoric of wit and irony. He appealed to Newtonian and Lockean ideas, and made alliance with Low-Church and Whig moralists in articulating a realist moral philosophy in opposition to Mandeville's libertinism. [source] Departures from Everyday Resistance and Flexible Strategies of Domination: The Making and Unmaking of a Poor Peasant Mobilization in BangladeshJOURNAL OF AGRARIAN CHANGE, Issue 2 2007SHAPAN ADNAN James Scott's influential work has popularized the notion that everyday resistance among the peasantry takes covert and backstage forms, termed ,weapons of the weak'. This paper, however, provides a case study involving transformation of covert resistance and outward compliance of the poor into open dissent and confrontation with power-holders, though falling well short of the limiting conditions of rebellion or revolution. Such instances serve to dispel the notion that poor and weak groups adopt only covert forms of resistance in their everyday existence. The paper takes up the questions of why, and under what circumstances, such transformation of covert resistance into overt forms can come about. These issues are explored using evidence from a poor peasant mobilization in rural Bangladesh during the parliamentary election of 1986. The analysis shows that there were sequential shifts in the respective strategies of domination and resistance of the rich and the poor, which shaped each other interactively over a dynamic trajectory. Such adaptive and variable responses require an approach that can accommodate flexibility and substitution in the strategies adopted by the weak and the powerful. These also call for further exploration and analysis of the middle ground between everyday and exceptional forms of resistance. [source] ANTHROPOS AND ETHICS Categories of Inquiry and Procedures of ComparisonJOURNAL OF RELIGIOUS ETHICS, Issue 2 2005Thomas A. Lewis ABSTRACT Building on influential work in virtue ethics, this collection of essays examines the categories of self, person, and anthropology as foci for comparative analysis. The papers unite reflections on theory and method with descriptive work that addresses thinkers from the modern West, Christian and Jewish Late Antiquity, early China, and other settings. The introduction sets out central methodological issues that are subsequently taken up in each essay, including the origin of the categories through which comparison proceeds, the status of these categories in the process of comparison, and the goals of comparison. In considering the question of goals, the introduction draws connections between comparative study and historical study within one tradition. Both types of analysis can bridge the gap between historical and normative work by attending to the ways in which the questions a scholar asks,not just the answers found,vary from one context to another. [source] The national question: sociological reflections on nation and nationalismNATIONS AND NATIONALISM, Issue 3 2001Andrew Thompson The sociology of nation, national identity and nationalism has long been the subject of benign neglect. After examining the few positive contributions made by classical writers, we attempt to explain why the contribution of classical theory to the field is unreliable. In common with others we find that, for all that classical theory might treat the prominence of nation, national identity and nationalism as a passing phase, it in fact takes the existence of all three as givens to such an extent that they and their effects become invisible. But the sociology of nation and nationalism reached a turning point with the publication of Elie Kedourie's influential work in 1960. We explain the effect of this work on later writers, especially Ernest Gellner and Anthony Smith, and survey the work of these and other contributors to the field with an eye to their differences and similarities. We identify various stages in the development of the sociology of nation and nationalism, culminating in the most recent stage in which the significance of the subjective aspects of nationalism has received increased attention. We think there is room for a multiplicity of approaches to the subject and stress its central significance to sociology. We explain why nation, national identity and nationalism are certainly not in decline and suggest where the most fruitful lines of inquiry lie for future research. [source] Maturation of Corporate Governance Research, 1993,2007: An AssessmentCORPORATE GOVERNANCE, Issue 3 2009Boris Durisin ABSTRACT Manuscript Type: Review Research Question/Issue: This study seeks to investigate whether governance research in fact is a discipline or whether it is rather the subject of multi-disciplinary research. We map the intellectual structure of corporate governance research and its evolution from 1993,2007. Research Findings/Results: Based on the analysis of more than 1,000 publications and 48,000 citations in Corporate Goverance: An International Review (CGIR) and other academic journals, our study identifies the most influential works, the dominant subfields, and their evolution. Our study assesses the maturation of corporate governance research as a discipline; it finds increasing sophistication, depth and rigor, and consistency in its intellectual structure. Theoretical Implications: There is a large body of accumulated corporate governance research in the US, yet there is an empirical gap on cross-national studies in the literature. Furthermore, hardly any of the top cited works undertake their study in a cross-national setting. Thus, corporate governance research and CGIR in its quest to contribute to a global theory of corporate governance might benefit if articles have a cross-national methodological approach and empirical grounding in their research design and if articles explicitly aim at stating the theoretical underpinnings they draw on. Practical Implications: Globalists find in CGIR an outlet addressing economics and finance (e.g., whether and how compensation or dismissal of CEOs is related to board characteristics), management (e.g., whether and how best practice codes adoption is related to board characteristics and performance), and accounting (e.g., whether and how earnings manipulations is related to board characteristics) issues globally. [source] Utopianism Parodied in Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four.ORBIS LITERARUM, Issue 5 2010An Intertextual Reading of the, Goldstein Treatise' The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism, attributed to Big Brother's arch-enemy, Emmanuel Goldstein, is the book-in-book in George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four. Along with the appendix, it provides the reader with a theoretical and philosophical framework that complements the narrative. First I point out the importance of Goldstein's tract on an intratextual level; then my focus shifts towards its intertextuality with influential works of European intellectual history, such as Malthus's An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798), Marx's and Engels's Communist Manifesto (1848), Spengler's Decline of the West (1918) and Burnham's Managerial Revolution (1941). Bringing into focus the myriad of perspectives that result from the intra-, inter- and extratextual layers in the text, the article shows that the treatise is the ultimate example of Orwell's distinctive fusion of realism and satire. [source] Institutions and the Resource Curse,THE ECONOMIC JOURNAL, Issue 508 2006Halvor Mehlum Countries rich in natural resources constitute both growth losers and growth winners. We claim that the main reason for these diverging experiences is differences in the quality of institutions. More natural resources push aggregate income down, when institutions are grabber friendly, while more resources raise income, when institutions are producer friendly. We test this theory building on Sachs and Warner's influential works on the resource curse. Our main hypothesis , that institutions are decisive for the resource curse , is confirmed. Our results contrast the claims of Sachs and Warner that institutions do not play a role. [source] Ludwik Maurycy Hirschfeld (1814,1876)CLINICAL ANATOMY, Issue 3 2008Jerzy Reymond Abstract It is rare to encounter exceptional individuals such as Ludwik Maurycy Hirschfeld. He was born into poverty and early on discovered his passion for medicine, particularly anatomy. His life is a testament to what pure human determination can achieve. He overcame societal and financial obstacles, ultimately becoming a physician, anatomist, and scientist. In 1834, Hirshfeld left Poland for France. His first exposure to medical anatomy came while under the direction of the great anatomist Professor Bourgery at École Pratique de Médicine. In 1848, he earned his degree in medicine and published his work "Des injections capillaires." He coupled his love of anatomy with teaching and research. Hirschfeld's skills, as a dissector, enabled him to prepare specimens for illustration, which produced some of the anatomy atlases of modern times. "The Descriptive Anatomy of the Human Body" is one of his most influential works. Dr. Hirschfeld pioneered the initial illustrations of the meninges of brain. There are many anatomical structures named after him, including Hirschfeld's nerves and anastomoses. Hirshfeld remained as a professor until 1875. His death in 1876 was a great loss to the scientific community. His scientific accomplishments were astounding but he should also be remembered as a great humanitarian, an individual who offered medical treatment to the poor, and who strived to instill in his students a passion for anatomy. Clin. Anat. 21: 225,232, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||