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Infection Transmission (infection + transmission)
Selected AbstractsPrevention of Nosocomial Infection During Dermoscopy?DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 4 2006SUSAN C. KELLY DO BACKGROUND Dermatoscopes are applied directly to cutaneous or mucocutaneous surfaces with immersion fluid (IF) such as oil or alcohol to reduce light reflection. Recently, Staphylococcus aureus has been isolated from dermatosopes that used mineral oil as the IF. Thus, dermatoscopes might be a potential source of nosocomial infection. OBJECTIVE In this study we propose the use of an alcohol-based antibacterial gel to reduce nosocomial infection transmission while optimizing optical resolution during dermatoscopic examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aerobic bacterial cultures were performed on three dermatoscopes used in an outpatient setting after routine examination of 31 patients with an alcohol-based antibacterial gel as IF. RESULTS There was no bacterial growth after using the antibacterial gel with the dermatoscopes. The optical resolution for the antibacterial gel appeared equal to the ,dermatoscopy oil' and superior to alcohol wipes. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol-based antibacterial gel appears to inhibit bacterial colonization while offering excellent optical resolution during dermoscopic examination. The use of alcohol-based IF appears to obviate the risk of nosocomial infections. [source] It's all in the mix: infection transmission in populationsEQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 6 2003J. L. N. WOOD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Trichophyton rubrum autoinoculation from infected nails is not such a rare phenomenonMYCOSES, Issue 4 2008Jacek C. Szepietowski Summary Kerion-like lesions are usually caused by zoophilic dermatophytes. Here, we present a rare case report , an inflammatory tinea barbae due to an anthropophilic fungus (Trichophyton rubrum), which is the main pathogen of onychomycosis and tinea pedis. Probably the infection, in the presented case, spread from diseased fingernails. We do postulate that physicians should consider autoinoculation as a not so rare way of fungal infection transmission. [source] Compliance in cystic fibrosis: An examination of infection control guidelinesPEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 5 2008Tracy Masterson PhD Abstract The goal of this research was to begin the process of evaluating acceptability of infection control (IC) recommendations to CF patients and their families, determine whether compliance with IC guidelines differs from compliance with traditional CF medical treatment with respect to the variables predictive of compliance, and assess which patients are most likely to comply with IC recommendations. Participants were recruited during routine outpatient visits at a regional CF center located in a pediatric hospital. The sample included 44 child and adolescent patients, aged 9,18 years and their guardian, and 27 adult patients. All patients completed questionnaires and interviews. Results of this preliminary study suggest that many individuals with CF are unaware of or unconcerned with the risks involved in infection transmission via social contact with other CF patients. Further, most participants reported that they could benefit from friendships with other CF patients. Health belief variables were found to be predictive of compliance with both IC guidelines and traditional medical treatments in the adult and parent sample, but not in the child sample. Possible explanations for study findings are discussed and recommendations for future research on IC compliance are highlighted. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:435,442. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Strongyloides Stercoralis Hyperinfection Transmitted by Liver Allograft in a Transplant RecipientAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 11 2009M. J. Rodriguez-Hernandez We describe a case of Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in a liver allograft recipient 2.5 months after transplantation. The patient lives in Spain, which is not considered an endemic country for strongyloidiasis, and denied prior residence or travel to any known endemic area. The initial symptoms were fever and vomiting, and he subsequently developed a severe respiratory disease. An endoscopic biopsy of ulcerative lesions of the duodenum revealed massive mucosa infiltration by larvae and adult worms, which were also found in respiratory samples. The patient was successfully treated with combined therapy with albendazole and ivermectin. The strongyloides infection was transmitted by the liver allograft. The donor was from Ecuador and, retrospectively, his serum tested positive for S. stercoralis IgG antibodies. Additionally, the pancreas,left kidney allograft recipient from the same donor later developed an intestinal strongyloidiasis without hyperinfection syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed case of S. stercoralis infection transmission from the same donor to two solid allograft recipients. [source] Audit of the Douglas Hocking Research Institute bone bank: ten years of non-irradiated bone graftANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 1-2 2009David Love Abstract Background:, An audit performed in the use of non-irradiated femoral head bone graft at the Geelong Hospital over a 10-year period. While it is thought the non-irradiated bone graft provides a better structural construct there is theoretical increased risk of infection transmission. Methods:, We performed a retrospective review of prospectively collected data in the use of non-irradiated bone allograft used from the Geelong Hospital Douglas Hosking Research Institute bone bank over a 10-year period. The review was performed using data collected from the bone bank and correlating it with the patient's medical record. All complications, including infections, related to the use of the allograft were recorded. Results:, We found that over the 10 years to 2004 that 811 femoral heads were donated, with 555 being used over 362 procedures in 316 patients. We identified a total of nine deep infections, of which seven were in joint replacements. Overall this was a 2.5% deep infection rate, which was lowered to 1.4% if the previously infected joints that were operated on were excluded. Conclusion:, The use of non-irradiated femoral head bone graft was safe in a regional setting. [source] Birth order, atopy, and symptoms of allergy and asthma among inner-city children attending Head Start in New York CityCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY, Issue 6 2008M. S. Perzanowski Summary Background In past research, children with older siblings were more likely than others to wheeze at age 2 years, but less likely by age 6 years. Higher infection transmission and a down-regulated allergic immune response as a result of these infections, respectively, were suggested as the causes. However, in a study of children aged 0,3 years in a low-income urban community in New York City, USA, with high asthma prevalence, we observed no birth-order effect. Objective To evaluate the association between birth order and atopy and respiratory symptoms in 4-year-old children attending Head Start programs in NYC. Methods Respiratory symptoms were assessed by questionnaire for 1005 children (mean age 4.0 years) living in high asthma prevalence neighbourhoods. Serum was collected from a subgroup of the children (n=494) and specific IgE responses to dust mite, cockroach, mouse, and cat allergens were measured. Results Prevalence of specific IgE (0.35 IU/mL) did not differ significantly among first (35%), second (35%), and later-born children (28%) (P=0.23). Increasing birth order was associated with increasing prevalence of respiratory symptoms in the prior year, including wheeze (first 20%, second 27%, third or later 35%; P<0.001), being awakened at night by cough (28%, 33%, 38%; P=0.005), emergency department visits (14%, 17%, 21%; P=0.02) and hospitalizations for difficulty breathing (6.1%, 6.6%, 10%; P=0.04). The associations of birth order with respiratory symptoms were statistically significant only for the non-seroatopic children and those without an asthmatic parent. Conclusions Non-seroatopic children with older siblings were more likely than those without older siblings to have respiratory symptoms at age 4 years. Although the stability of these associations over time remains to be determined, the differences in findings between this study and our previous NYC birth cohort study suggest that patterns of asthma development may vary even among low-income populations within the same city. [source] | ||||||||||