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Indiana University (indiana + university)

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    Selected Abstracts

    FAMILY DISPUTE RESOLUTION: CHARTING A COURSE FOR THE FUTURE

    FAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 3 2009
    Amy Holtzworth-Munroe
    This article summarizes ideas for future directions in the field of family dispute resolution, as discussed by legal experts, social scientists, and other participants at the Indiana University,Bloomington conference on family dispute resolution. Five major categories of future directions were discussed: (1) clarifying differing goals for work in this field; (2) recognizing, understanding, and assessing for heterogeneity among couples and families facing divorces, break ups in adult relationships, and reconfigurations of adult relationships with the children ("relationship dissolution"); (3) testing our assumptions and commonly held beliefs about relationship dissolution; (4) empirically testing the efficacy of interventions for families experiencing relationship dissolution; and (5) disseminating research findings to those on the frontline. [source]

    Nicotine, acetanilide and urea multi-level 2H-, 13C- and 15N-abundance reference materials for continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry,

    RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 22 2009
    Arndt Schimmelmann
    Accurate determinations of stable isotope ratios require a calibration using at least two reference materials with different isotopic compositions to anchor the isotopic scale and compensate for differences in machine slope. Ideally, the , values of these reference materials should bracket the isotopic range of samples with unknown , values. While the practice of analyzing two isotopically distinct reference materials is common for water (VSMOW-SLAP) and carbonates (NBS 19 and L-SVEC), the lack of widely available organic reference materials with distinct isotopic composition has hindered the practice when analyzing organic materials by elemental analysis/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS). At present only L-glutamic acids USGS40 and USGS41 satisfy these requirements for ,13C and ,15N, with the limitation that L-glutamic acid is not suitable for analysis by gas chromatography (GC). We describe the development and quality testing of (i) four nicotine laboratory reference materials for on-line (i.e. continuous flow) hydrogen reductive gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass-spectrometry (GC-IRMS), (ii) five nicotines for oxidative C, N gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass-spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS, or GC-IRMS), and (iii) also three acetanilide and three urea reference materials for on-line oxidative EA-IRMS for C and N. Isotopic off-line calibration against international stable isotope measurement standards at Indiana University adhered to the ,principle of identical treatment'. The new reference materials cover the following isotopic ranges: ,2Hnicotine ,162 to ,45,, ,13Cnicotine ,30.05 to +7.72,, ,15Nnicotine ,6.03 to +33.62,; ,15Nacetanilide +1.18 to +40.57,; ,13Curea ,34.13 to +11.71,, ,15Nurea +0.26 to +40.61, (recommended , values refer to calibration with NBS 19, L-SVEC, IAEA-N-1, and IAEA-N-2). Nicotines fill a gap as the first organic nitrogen stable isotope reference materials for GC-IRMS that are available with different ,15N values. Comparative ,13C and ,15N on-line EA-IRMS data from 14 volunteering laboratories document the usefulness and reliability of acetanilides and ureas as EA-IRMS reference materials. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

    Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate for Pancreas Allograft Preservation: The Indiana University Experience

    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 5 2010
    J. A. Fridell
    Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK) has been scrutinized for use in pancreas transplantation. A recent case series and a United Network for Organ Sharing data base review have suggested an increased incidence of allograft pancreatitis and graft loss with HTK compared to the University of Wisconsin solution (UW). Conversely, a recent randomized, controlled study failed to show any significant difference between HTK and UW for pancreas allograft preservation. This study was a retrospective review of all pancreas transplants performed at Indiana University between 2003 and 2009 comparing preservation with HTK or UW. Data included recipient and donor demographics, 7-day, 90-day and 1-year graft survival, peak 30-day serum amylase and lipase, HbA1c and C-peptide levels. Of the 308 pancreas transplants, 84% used HTK and 16% UW. There were more SPK compared to pancreas after kidney and pancreas transplant alone in the HTK group. Donor and recipient demographics were similar. There was no significant difference in 7-day, 90-day or 1-year graft survival, 30-day peak serum amylase and lipase, HbA1c or C-peptide. No clinically significant difference between HTK and UW for pancreas allograft preservation was identified. Specifically, in the context of low-to-moderate flush volume and short cold ischemia time (,10 h), no increased incidence of allograft pancreatitis or graft loss was observed. [source]

    Use of an Embalming Machine to Create a Central Venous Access Model in Human Cadavers

    ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 2009
    Lee Wilbur
    Background:, Human cadavers provide an effective model for procedural training; however, inconsistent blood return during central venous cannulation compromises the overall reliability of this procedure. Objective:, To create and quantitatively assess a human cadaver central venous access model using a continuously-run embalming machine. Curriculum:, Emergency medicine (EM) faculty at Indiana University created this model for a procedure lab designed for EM residents. The right femoral artery was identified by superficial dissection and cannulated distally towards the lower leg. This cannula was connected to a Duotronic embalming machine with a solution composed of 16 oz of 24-index fluid and 3 gallons of tap water at a fixed output of 13 pounds per square inch (psi). Next, the left subclavian vein and artery were identified by dissection and each was cannulated with an 18 gauge angiocath connected to a continuous pressure monitor. Pressures (mmHg) in the subclavian vein and artery were measured continuously while study personnel cannulated the left femoral, right subclavian, right supraclavicular, and right internal jugular veins. This model was assessed for dual sessions lasting two hours each with a two hour break in-between. Results:, During the first session, subclavian pressures were measured at 3 mmHg venous and 22 mmHg arterial, increasing to 11 mmHg venous and 27 mmHg arterial during the second session. Residents were able to withdraw at least 5 milliliters at each central venous site in the embalmed cadaver. Conclusions:, We created a reliable and measurable central venous access model in a fresh-frozen human cadaver using a standard embalming machine. [source]