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In-depth Qualitative Interviews (in-depth + qualitative_interview)
Selected AbstractsCrack,heroin speedball injection and its implications for vein care: qualitative studyADDICTION, Issue 11 2007Tim Rhodes ABSTRACT Background We report on an exploratory qualitative study investigating drug injectors' narratives of vein damage and groin (femoral vein) injection associated with the injection of crack,heroin speedball. Methods We undertook 44 in-depth qualitative interviews among injectors of crack,heroin speedball in Bristol and London, England, in 2006. Findings The data suggest an emerging culture of crack-based speedball injection. Injectors' narratives link speedball injection with shifts towards groin injection articulated as an acceptable risk, and not merely as a last resort in the face of increased vein deterioration associated with speedball. Accounts of vein damage linked to speedball emphasize ,missed hits' related to the local anaesthetic action of crack, the excess use of citric in the preparation of speedball injections and ,flushing' when making a hit. We find that groin injection persists despite an awareness of health risks and medical complications. Conclusions We emphasize an urgent need for reviewing harm reduction in relation to vein care in the context of shifts to crack-based speedball injection, and the use of the femoral vein, among UK injectors. There is an additional need for interventions to promote safer groin and speedball injecting as well as to prevent transitions toward groin and crack injection. [source] Towards a decision support system for health promotion in nursingJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 2 2003Kate Caelli PhD RN RM Aims. This study was designed to investigate what type of models, techniques and data are necessary to support the development of a decision support system for health promotion practice in nursing. Specifically, the research explored how interview data can be interpreted in terms of Concept Networks and Bayesian Networks, both of which provide formal methods for describing the dependencies between factors or variables in the context of decision-making in health promotion. Background. In nursing, the lack of generally accepted examples or guidelines by which to implement or evaluate health promotion practice is a challenge. Major gaps have been identified between health promotion rhetoric and practice and there is a need for health promotion to be presented in ways that make its attitudes and practices more easily understood. New tools, paradigms and techniques to encourage the practice of health promotion would appear to be beneficial. Concept Networks and Bayesian Networks are techniques that may assist the research team to understand and explicate health promotion more specifically and formally than has been the case, so that it may more readily be integrated into nursing practice. Methods. As the ultimate goal of the study was to investigate ways to use the techniques described above, it was necessary to first generate data as text. Textual descriptions of health promotion in nursing were derived from in-depth qualitative interviews with nurses nominated by their peers as expert health promoting practitioners. Findings. The nurses in this study gave only general and somewhat vague outlines of the concepts and ideas that guided their practice. These data were compared with descriptions from various sources that describe health promotion practices in nursing, then examples of a Conceptual Network and a representative Bayesian Network were derived from the data. Conclusions. The study highlighted the difficulty in describing health promotion practice, even among nurses recognized for their expertise in health promotion. Nevertheless, it indicated the data collection and analysis methods necessary to explicate the cognitive processes of health promotion and highlighted the benefits of using formal conceptualization techniques to improve health promotion practice. [source] Infection control in wound care: a study of fatalism in community nursingJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 1 2000BNurs, Christine E. Hallett PhD, DNCert, HVCert ,,As part of a study of community nurses' perceptions of quality in nursing care, the author conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with seven community-based nurses. ,,As part of the study, nurses were asked to describe episodes of wound care and to discuss the factors which could affect the quality of such care. ,,One of the most interesting themes to emerge from the data was the apparent ambivalence of the nurses' attitudes towards infection control in wound care. ,,Nurses discussed the concept of ,aseptic technique' in fatalistic terms and seemed uncertain about what could be achieved in terms of infection control. ,,Although their policy guidelines referred to ,aseptic technique', their educational experience appeared to have made them feel uncertain about the implementation of the measures involved. ,,With the proviso that this was a small scale qualitative study, the author concludes by suggesting that there is a need for greater clarity, both in what is taught and in what is included in practice policy with regard to infection control in wound care. [source] Autonomy and intellectual disability: the case of prevention of obesity in Prader,Willi syndromeJOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH, Issue 7 2002R. H. van Hooren Abstract Background The policy concerning care for people with intellectual disability (ID) has developed from segregation via normalization towards integration and autonomy. Today, people with ID are seen as citizens who need to be supported to achieve a normal role in society. The aim of care is to optimize quality of life and promote self-determination. The promotion of autonomy for people with ID is not easy and gives rise to ethical dilemmas. Caregivers are regularly confronted with situations in which there is a conflict between providing good care and respecting the client's autonomy. This becomes evident in the case of prevention of obesity in people with Prader,Willi syndrome (PWS). Method As part of a study about the ethical aspects of the prevention of obesity, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with the parents and professional caregivers of people with PWS. Results In analysing interviews with parents and formal caregivers, the present authors found that the dichotomy between respecting autonomy and securing freedom of choice on the one hand, and paternalism on the other, is too crude to do justice to the process of care. The stories indicated that caregivers see other options and act in other ways than to intervene without taking into account the wishes of the individual with PWS. The present authors elaborated these options, taking models of the physician,patient relationship as a heuristic starting point. They extended the logic of these models by focusing on the character of the process of interaction between caregiver and care receiver, and on the emotional aspects of the interactions. Conclusion This approach results in more attention to processes of interpretation, deliberation and joint learning. [source] Quality of life issues and second-generation migration: the case of ,Bajan-Brit returnees'POPULATION, SPACE AND PLACE (PREVIOUSLY:-INT JOURNAL OF POPULATION GEOGRAPHY), Issue 3 2009Joan Phillips Abstract This paper forms part of research that is investigating the migration of young Bajan-Brits to Barbados. Specifically, it explores the role of quality of life issues in the decision-making processes of young Bajan-Brits as they negotiate their ,return' to Barbados. The research, based on 51 in-depth qualitative interviews conducted with an under-researched cohort of young Bajan-Brits living in Barbados, argues from a ,lure of home' conceptualisation that the return of young Bajan-Brits to Barbados can best be understood from the context of a search for a better quality of life in the face of social and economic disenfranchisement in the UK context. Subsequently, the paper examines the extent to which the quality of life factors which formed the basis of return to Barbados have in fact been realised on the part of young Bajan-Brits in their adjustment to life in Barbados. The paper ultimately argues that despite problems of adjustment, young Bajan-Brits have generally been successful in actualising a better quality of life in Barbados. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Former Foster Youth Attending College: Resilience and the Transition to Young AdulthoodAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 3 2005Alice M. Hines PhD The primary purpose of this study was to further research and theory development in the area of risk and resilience by exploring factors associated with academic success among former foster youth,a group at high risk for developmental failure. Using data obtained from in-depth qualitative interviews with 14 former foster youth currently attending a 4-year university, the study described in this article explored factors related to their academic success. Results indicated that factors at the individual, family, and community levels and encompassing more than 1 system at a time were integral in understanding developmental pathways of these youth. Results further suggested that resilience in 1 developmental or functional domain was not necessarily reflected in others. Findings are discussed in terms of conceptual and theoretical directions for further research in the area of resilience and the transition to young adulthood, with a particular emphasis on former foster youth. [source] Preferences for aspects of a dermatology consultationBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2006J. Coast Summary Background, General practitioners with special interests (GPSIs) are increasingly being used to provide dermatology services in the U.K. Little is known about U.K. dermatology patient attitudes to proposed variations in secondary care service delivery or the values they attach to aspects of the care they receive. Objectives, To quantify preferences for different attributes of care within dermatology secondary care services. Methods, Attributes of care that are important to dermatology patients were derived using in-depth qualitative interviews with 19 patients at different points in the care pathway. A discrete choice experiment using ,best,worst scaling' was sent by post to 119 patients referred to secondary care dermatology services and suitable for GPSI care who had agreed to participate in research. Results, Four attributes were derived from the qualitative work: waiting, expertise, thorough care and convenience. For the discrete choice experiment, 99 patients returned questionnaires, 93 of which contained sufficient data for analysis. All attributes were found to be quantitatively important. The attribute of greatest importance was expertise of the doctor, while waiting time was of least importance. Respondents were willing to wait longer than the current 3 months maximum to receive care that was thorough, 2·1 months to see a team led by an expert and 1·3 months to attend a consultation that is easy to get to. Conclusions, Although the need to reduce outpatient waiting times is a key policy driver behind the expansion of GPSI services, this does not appear to be the most important issue for patients. The thoroughness with which the consultation is provided and the expertise of the clinician seen are higher priorities. [source] Behind the Screen: The Role of State-TV Relationships in Russia, 1990,2000,CANADIAN REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY/REVUE CANADIENNE DE SOCIOLOGIE, Issue 2 2006JULIA ROZANOVA Les systèmes de régulation de la production des programmes télévisuels sont aussi importants dans les études des médias que l'analyse du corps d'un texte. l'économie politique rend possible l'étude des programmes télévisuels et des systèmes de régulation de la production télévisuelle dans un seul modèle de même que leurs interconnections. Deux systèmes régulateurs de télévision sont décrits, et les dynamiques de leur transformation sont présentées. Les résultats des entrevues avec les fonctionnaires de l'industrie télévisuelle sont utilisés pour examiner l'influence des relations entre l'État et les entreprises de télévision sur le contenu des programmes produits par la télévision russe entre 1990 et 2000. This paper argues that the content of television programs is influenced by how their production is organized and regulated. The political-economic approach provides a useful framework to link television programs and the regulation of TV production within a single model, and to investigate their interrelationship. Two systems of TV regulation are described in this paper and their evolution is discussed. Data from in-depth qualitative interviews with Russian television industry insiders are used to examine the impact of changes in the regulation of television on the types and content of programs produced between 1990 and 2000. [source] | |||||||||||||