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Independent Risk Factors Related (independent + risk_factor_relate)
Selected AbstractsAn epidemic of parvovirus B19 in a population of 3596 pregnant women: a study of sociodemographic and medical risk factorsBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 5 2000Inge Panum Jensen Consultant Objectives To estimate the incidence of human parvovirus B19 among pregnant women before and during an epidemic, to elucidate possible sociodemographic and medical risk factors during pregnancy and to estimate the association between parvovirus B19 infection and negative pregnancy outcome. Design Prospective study among pregnant women followed from their first antenatal visit before 24 full weeks of gestation until delivery. Setting Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark, November 1992 to February 1994. Methods 3596 pregnant women were invited to participate. The women were examined at first antenatal visit in the period from November 1992 to February 1994 and at delivery. The last delivery was in August 1994 and samples were thus collected before and during a large parvovirus B19 epidemic in Denmark January to September 1994. A blood sample for parvovirus B19 serology was taken at enrolment and from the umbilical cord at delivery. Three questionnaires were completed during 2nd and 3rd trimesters and a registration form at delivery. In total, 3174 (87.6%) were enrolled and 79.5% completed the study. Results The prevalence of B19 IgG seropositivity at the first antenatal visit before 24 full weeks of gestation was 66%. The cumulative prevalence proportion of acute parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy among IgG negative women was found to be 10.3% (IgM seropositivity and/or IgG sero-conversion). The IgG seroconversion incidence increased significantly from 1.0% to 13.5% among 932 seronegative pregnant women before and during the epidemic, respectively (P < 0.001). Independent risk factors related to increased risk of B19 infection during pregnancy, adjusted for other sociodemographic and medical factors, were: children at home (adjusted OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3,3.2); serious medical disease (adjusted OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.0,8.5); and a stressful job (adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0,3.3). Parvovirus B19 IgM seropositivity was associated with events of late spontaneous abortions and stillbirths (crude OR 9.9; 95% CI 3.3,29.4). Conclusion Before and during an epidemic of acute B19 infection incidences were measured among pregnant women to be 1.0% and 13.5%, respectively. Three factors, significantly increasing the risk of acute B19, were identified as: having children at home; suffering from serious medical diseases; and having a stressful job. IgM positivity for parvovirus B19 was associated with negative outcome of pregnancy. [source] Diabetes pattern on the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virusLIVER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 8 2009Ichiro Konishi Abstract Background: Patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) frequently show glucose intolerance. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been proposed to be a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aims: The aim of this study is to clarify the influence of glucose intolerance as evaluated by the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on hepatocarcinogenesis in patients with HCV. Methods: This study was carried out in a cohort of 197 patients with HCV who had not been previously diagnosed as having DM. All patients underwent the 75 g OGTT at entry. They were also screened for HCC and, thereafter, the rate of hepatocarcinogenesis was compared between the patients with and without glucose intolerance. Results: Based on the results of the 75 g OGTT, 125 (63%) had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 49 (25%) had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 23 (12%) had the DM pattern. HCC occurred more frequently in patients with the DM pattern than in patients with either NGT or IGT. Even in patients without advanced liver fibrosis, HCC was more frequently observed in patients with DM than in patients with NGT. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed advanced liver fibrosis, the DM pattern on the 75 g OGTT, an older age and ,-glutamyltransferase to all be independent risk factors related to hepatocarcinogenesis. Conclusions: A DM pattern on the 75 g OGTT was thus found to be associated with hepatocarcinogenesis and the 75 g OGTT is considered to be useful for identifying this risk factor for HCC in patients with HCV. [source] Risk factors of mortality in non-trauma exsanguinating patients that require damage control laparotomyANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 4 2010Wen-bo Zhang Abstract Background:, Since introduction of damage control (DC) approach to non-trauma setting is relatively late, the risk factors associated with this procedure remain undefined. This study was aimed at identifying factors responsible for the mortality. Methods:, Over a 5-year period (from February 2002 to February 2007), consecutive non-trauma patients who required DC laparotomy (DCL) with gauze packing for control of indomitable abdominal haemorrhage in our institute were included. Clinical, laboratorial and operative factors influencing in-hospital or 30-day mortality were analysed. Results:, A total of 26 patients underwent DCL with packing in an attempt to control severe abdominal haemorrhage. There were seven (26.9%) deaths in hospital or within 30 days of DCL. Increase in age, higher initial physiological score and operative severity score assessed by the Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity scoring system, lower initial body temperature, lower initial platelet (PLT) counts, greater intra-operative blood loss, presence of perioperative multiple organ dysfunction syndrome were all associated with increased risk of mortality on univariate analysis (P < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, only decrease in PLT counts (P= 0.042, OR = 0.969, 95% CI = 0.940,0.999) and increase in age (P= 0.035, OR = 1.152, 95% CI = 1.010,1.313) were significant independent factors affecting mortality. Conclusions:, Decrease in PLT counts and increase in age are the independent risk factors related to death in non-trauma series that require DCL with packing. DCL should be performed early as for patients with these risk factors. [source] Association between serum lipoprotein (a) level and progression of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 diabetesACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 5 2009Hideharu Funatsu Abstract. Purpose:, To investigate independent risk factors related to the progression of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) for Japanese Type 2 diabetic patients. Methods:, One hundred and six patients with NPDR were followed up for 2 years. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) was determined by colour fundus photography. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess variables independently associated with the progression of NPDR. Serum concentrations of novel risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease, including lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and fibrinogen, were measured. Results:, Thirty-three patients (31%) had progressed by two scale steps or more in 2 years. The progression of NPDR was significantly associated with HbA1c [odds ratio (OR) 2.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14,4.87], systolic blood pressure (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.14,2.91), Lp(a) (OR 2.70; 95% CI 1.09,5.12) and fibrinogen (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.03,3.08). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HbA1c (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.12,3.21) and Lp(a) level (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.06,4.33) were significant and independent predictors of the progression of NPDR. Conclusion:, These data suggest that serum Lp(a) level is an independent risk factor for the progression of NPDR in Type 2 diabetes patients. We recommend that further prospective validation of our findings be undertaken to confirm these observations. [source] | ||||||||||