			Home About us Contact

Indefinite Period (indefinite + period)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

The Problem of Stent Thrombosis Associated With Drug-Eluting Stents and the Optimal Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy

PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Susana Ayyanathan MD
Drug-eluting stents have significantly reduced the problem of restenosis, but there is an association between drug-eluting stents and stent thrombosis that can be a significant clinical problem resulting in myocardial infarction or death. The risk for stent thrombosis increases in certain clinical situations and has been reduced through the use of dual antiplatelet therapy for prolonged periods. Until new therapies are developed, it is essential that patients who have had drug-eluting stents implanted continue with dual-antiplatelet therapy for at least 1 year and possibly for an indefinite period. [source]

Treatment of Nonparaphilic Hypersexuality in Men with a Long-Acting Analog of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

THE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2009
Mohammad R. Safarinejad MD
ABSTRACT Introduction., Hypersexuality is one of the most embarrassing behaviors for both patients and their families and there are no effective drug treatments for this sexual inappropriateness. Aim., To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a long-acting analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (triptorelin) in men with nonparaphilic hypersexuality (NPH). Main Outcome Measures., Primary outcome measure was the frequency of intercourse. The designated secondary outcome measures were the changes in International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire and responses to the questions from the IIEF in the preceding month: question 11, "How often have you felt sexual desire?" and question 12, "How would you rate your level of sexual desire"? Methods., Seventy-six men (mean age 44.4 years) with NPH were treated with monthly intramuscular injections of 3.75 mg of triptorelin for an indefinite period. During treatment, serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, testosterone (T), and free testosterone (fT), were measured monthly, and bone mineral density every 6 months. Results., The mean sexual attempts decreased from 7.6 ± 1.4 per day at baseline to 4.2 ± 1.2 (P = 0.001), 1.2 ± 0.4 (P = 0.001), and <1 per week (P = 0.0001), after 6-, 12-, and 24-month treatment, respectively. The mean scores for questions 11 and 12, improved from 6.8 ± 1.1, and 6.6 ± 1.2, at baseline to 0.7 ± 0.4 (P = 0.0001), and 0.7 ± 0.5 (P = 0.0001), at 24-month treatment, respectively. Positive response to triptorelin was significantly associated with severity of baseline hypersexuality (r = ,0.62, P = 0.01), and treatment duration (r = 0.78, P = 0.001). These beneficial effects persisted 6 months in all men who were treated for at least 24 months. The serum LH and FSH concentrations begun to decrease after two doses of triptorelin. After 3 months, serum T, and fT levels decreased by 50% in 65 (85.5%) of patients (P = 0.01). Conclusions., Triptorelin was very effective and well tolerated in men with NPH. Further studies are needed to replicate our results. Safarinejad MR. Treatment of nonparaphilic hypersexuality in men with a long-acting analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. J Sex Med **;**:**,**. [source]

Etanercept combined with methotrexate for high-need psoriasis

BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2008
R.J.B. Driessen
Summary Background, For some high-need psoriatic patients, the efficacy of etanercept monotherapy is insufficient. In these cases it might be indicated to combine etanercept with other conventional treatments. Objectives, To provide daily practice safety and efficacy data for etanercept and methotrexate combination therapy. Methods, Data were extracted from an existing database, which contains prospective safety and efficacy data of all patients who were treated with etanercept in clinical practice. A case was defined as a patient using etanercept and methotrexate simultaneously for an indefinite period during follow-up. For all cases, baseline data, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores, adverse events and laboratory values were investigated. Furthermore, the influence of introduction and discontinuation of methotrexate on these parameters was analysed. Results, Fourteen patients with simultaneous use of etanercept and methotrexate were selected. In six patients, methotrexate was introduced after etanercept to avoid further psoriasis deterioration, which resulted in an improvement of psoriasis in four of these patients. Eight patients were on methotrexate therapy before start of etanercept. Discontinuation of methotrexate in six of these patients resulted in a decrease in PASI improvement in five patients. Etanercept combined with methotrexate was well tolerated, and only mild adverse events were reported. No clinically significant changes in laboratory parameters occurred. Conclusions, Results show that combining etanercept with methotrexate is reasonable when efficacy of etanercept monotherapy is insufficient, or when rapid deterioration of psoriasis after abrupt discontinuation of methotrexate is expected. Laboratory values and adverse events were not different from what would have been expected when using methotrexate alone. [source]

On Postponement and Birth Intervals

POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT REVIEW, Issue 3 2008
Ian M. Timæus
Much of the literature on fertility transition presumes that birth control is practiced either to limit family size or to space births. This article argues that women also use birth control to postpone pregnancy. Postponement is not synonymous with spacing. It arises when women delay their next birth for indefinite periods for reasons unrelated to the age of their youngest child, but without deciding not to have any more children. Postponement has a distinctive impact on the shape of birth-interval distributions that differs from the impacts of family size limitation, birth spacing, or a mixture of the two behaviors. Some populations, such as that in South Africa, have developed fertility regimes characterized by birth intervals far longer than can be accounted for by birth spacing. Postponement of further childbearing that eventually becomes permanent may be an important driver of the transition to lower fertility in sub-Saharan Africa. [source]