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Increased Cancer Risk (increased + cancer_risk)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Risks of cancer among a cohort of 23,935 men and women with osteoporosis

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 8 2008
Katherine A. McGlynn
Abstract Low hormone levels among persons with osteoporosis may decrease risk of some cancers. Other osteoporosis risk factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, however, may increase risk. As these deleterious factors are more often associated with osteoporosis diagnosed prior to age 70 years, cancer risk may be higher in these younger persons than in the general population. To examine this hypothesis, a cohort study of 23,935 persons with osteoporosis was conducted in Denmark. Patients hospitalized with osteoporosis between 1978 and 1993 were identified in the Danish Inpatient Register. Linkage to the Danish Cancer Registry identified all cancer outcomes through 2003. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated to compare cancer incidence in the cohort with that in the general population. Persons diagnosed prior to age 70 years were at increased cancer risk (women: SIR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.04,1.19; men: SIR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.13,1.50) due, in part, to increased risks of cancers of the buccal cavity, esophagus, liver, pancreas and lung. Persons diagnosed at ages 70 and older were at decreased risk (women: SIR = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.87,0.96; men: SIR = 0.89, 0.77,1.01) due, in part, to decreased risks of breast, endometrial, colon, rectal and brain cancers in women and prostate cancer in men. These results suggest that risk factors associated with earlier onset osteoporosis may be associated with increased risk of cancer. Conversely, factors associated with later onset osteoporosis may be related to a decreased risk of cancer. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Polymyositis and dermatomyositis associated with malignancy: a 30-year retrospective study

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 11 2002
Nobuo Wakata MD
Background Polymyositis and dermatomyositis in association with malignancy are paraneoplastic syndromes, but the incidence, treatment and factors that predict associated cancer and its prognosis all remain unclear. Patients and Method During the 30-year period 1969,99, we treated 64 patients who had polymyositis (including two with cancer) and 28 patients who had dermatomyositis (including 10 with cancer). We compared the clinical findings of the patients who had cancer with the findings of those who did not have cancer. Results The risk of cancer is significantly higher in dermatomyositis and somewhat higher in polymyositis. An increased cancer risk was found in male patients with dermatomyositis who were older than 50 years. Cancer was diagnosed within 4 years before or after the diagnosis of polymyositis or dermatomyositis, and usually within 1 year. An operation was not possible in many of the patients with cancer because of the advanced stage of the disease. Conclusion Our findings suggest that early discovery of malignancy is critical in cases of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. [source]

Evaluation of the needs and concerns of partners of women at high risk of developing breast/ovarian cancer

PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY, Issue 2 2006
Shab Mireskandari
Abstract This exploratory study investigates the experience of partners of women at high risk of developing breast/ovarian cancer and reports on the partners' views concerning their relationship, communication, future planning, children and childbearing, involvement in decision-making regarding screening and prophylactic measures, and information and support needs. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 partners. Of these, seven were partners of women who were BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, five were partners of women with unknown mutation status, and three were partners of women who were non-carriers. None of the women had a previous diagnosis of breast or ovarian cancer. Partners of carriers and women with unknown mutation status were found to be more distressed than partners of non-carriers, with partners of mutation carriers reporting the most difficulties. Factors associated with better adjustment and coping for partners included dealing with this situation as a team with their wife, greater involvement in decision-making, satisfaction with their supportive roles and being optimistic. Decision-making difficulties in relation to prophylactic measures, concerns about their children possibly being at increased cancer risk, as well as the need to receive information directly from health professionals and the wish to meet other partners were also discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Cancer incidence and mortality in a New Zealand community potentially exposed to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin from 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid manufacture

AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 1 2007
Deborah Read
Objective: To investigate whether the rates of all cancers and four cancers (soft tissue sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia) associated with dioxin exposure are higher in New Plymouth, the site of a former 2, 4, 5-T manufacturing plant, than for the rest of New Zealand. Methods: Analysis of 1970,2001 cancer data from the New Zealand Cancer Registry was undertaken for New Plymouth and the rest of New Zealand. Results: There is no evidence of an increased cancer risk apart from one period (1970-74), which falls partly outside the 1962,1987 manufacturing period if 10-year latency is assumed. For 1970-74, there was an elevated risk for all cancer incidence (SIR=111, 95% CI 104,119), and for two of the four specific cancers that are associated with dioxin exposure (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma SIR=175, 95% CI 121,246 and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia SIR=251, 95% CI 144,408). Conclusions and Implications: The results do not suggest an increased cancer risk among the New Plymouth population related to the period of 2, 4, 5-T manufacture, although the study's limitations mean the possibility of an undetectable small elevation in cancer risk cannot be excluded. Although TCDD exposure in the first few years of 2, 4, 5-T manufacture may have contributed to cancer incidence in 1970-74, unknown exposure(s) before the start of 2, 4, 5-T manufacture and chance are also possible explanations. [source]