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Increased Breast Cancer Risk (increased + breast_cancer_risk)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Histopathological features of breast cancer in carriers of ATM gene variants

HISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 5 2006
R L Balleine
Aims:, Germline variants in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene have been implicated in increased breast cancer risk. The aim of this study was to determine whether the histopathology of breast cancers occurring in ATM variant carriers is distinctive or resembles the described BRCA1 mutation-associated phenotype. Methods:, The histopathological features of breast cancers occurring in ATM variant carriers from multiple-case breast cancer families were compared with matched controls. The test group included 21 cases of in situ and/or invasive cancer from carriers of either the IVS10-6T,G, 2424V,G or 1420L,F ATM variants in the absence of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. An additional four invasive cancers from carriers of a pathogenic BRCA1 mutation in the context of a familial ATM variant were also examined. Results:, The histopathology of breast cancers in ATM variant-only carriers was not significantly different from controls and known features of BRCA1 mutation-associated cancer were rarely seen. In contrast, these features were prominent in the small group of cases with a pathogenic BRCA1 mutation. Conclusions:, Breast cancer occurring in carriers of ATM variants is not associated with distinctive histopathological features and does not resemble the tumour phenotype commonly observed in BRCA1 mutation carriers. [source]

A possible link between the pubertal growth of girls and breast cancer in their daughters

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 2 2008
David J.P. Barker
One hypothesis for the origins of breast cancer is that it is initiated by exposure of developing breast tissue in utero to maternal sex hormones. The sex hormone profile is established at puberty, when it regulates growth of the pelvic bones. The pubertal growth of girls is characterized by broadening and rounding of the pelvis. The maximal width between their iliac crests, the intercristal width, increases more rapidly than in boys. We hypothesized that higher sex hormone concentrations at puberty produce larger intercristal widths, and these are markers of increased breast cancer risk in the next generation. We followed up 6,370 women who were born in Helsinki during 1934,1944, and whose mothers' pelvic bones were measured during routine antenatal care. Women whose mothers had large intercristal widths had higher rates of breast cancer. In those born at or after 40 weeks gestation, the hazard ratio for breast cancer was 3.7 (95% CI: 2.1,6.6) if their mother's intercristal width was greater than 30 cm. Among women born to multiparous mothers this hazard ratio rose to 7.2 (3.4,15.4). Hazard ratios for breast cancer were also higher in the daughters of mothers with round iliac crests. Pelvic bone measurements which increase similarly in girls and boys at puberty did not predict breast cancer. We conclude that the intercristal width, and the roundness of the iliac crests, are markers of mothers' sex hormones, and postulate that high concentrations cause genetic instability in differentiating breast cells in their daughters in utero. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Beginning IVF Treatments After Age 30 Increases the Risk of Breast Cancer: Results of a Case,Control Study

THE BREAST JOURNAL, Issue 6 2008
Daniela Katz MD
Abstract:, The long-term risks of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment remain unclear. This study was designed to determine breast cancer risk factors in women who underwent IVF, and to establish characteristics of these tumors. Records of 7,162 consecutive women who underwent IVF at a single center between 1984 and 2002 were linked with the Israel Cancer Registry to identify women who developed breast cancer. IVF-related parameters were compared between 28 breast cancer patients who had undergone IVF (IVF BC) and for whom complete IVF data were available with 140 women who underwent IVF and did not develop breast cancer (IVF non-BC). Tumor parameters were compared between 38 patients who developed breast cancer after IVF and 114 age-matched breast cancer patients who did not undergo IVF (non-IVF BC). Age over 30 at the time of first IVF treatment, even after controlling for age at first birth, was the only parameter significantly associated with increased breast cancer risk (RR = 1.24, p = 0.02, 95% CI = 1.03,1.48). There were no differences between IVF-BC and IVF non-BC patients in all other IVF-related parameters. The only statistically significant difference in tumors developing in IVF-BC patients compared with non-IVF BC patients was in grade distribution, particularly for grade II tumors. However, the significance of such a difference is unclear. Women who start IVF after the age of 30 appear to be at increased risk of developing breast cancer. The characteristics of breast tumors in women who underwent IVF are no different than in patients without previous exposure to IVF. [source]

Influence of Lactation History on Breast Nipple Aspirate Fluid Yields and Fluid Composition

THE BREAST JOURNAL, Issue 2 2005
Zora Djuric PhD
Abstract: Analysis of nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) can be useful for understanding the impact that various lifestyle factors have on the biology of the breast. In this study, breast NAF was obtained at baseline from premenopausal women who volunteered for a dietary intervention trial. The influence of lactation history on both fluid yields and fluid composition was explored. We examined the levels of fat-soluble micronutrients (tocopherols, carotenoids, retinol), one lipid oxidation product (8-isoprostane), cholesterol, and protein in NAF. Roughly half of the women in the trial had never lactated, but this did not affect fluid yields appreciably. Carotenoid and tocopherol levels were significantly higher in NAF from women who lactated 6 months or more versus women who had lactated for shorter periods of time or never, but 8-isoprostane, protein, and cholesterol levels were not affected appreciably by lifetime lactation history. Longer times after weaning were associated with higher cholesterol levels, and there also was a suggestion the fat-soluble micronutrients declined with time after weaning. This is of interest since high cholesterol levels in breast fluid have been associated with an increased breast cancer risk, while carotenoids and tocopherols are thought to be protective. The results of this study provide further evidence of the potential benefits of prolonged lactation via its influence on NAF composition., [source]