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Incident Rate (incident + rate)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences80%

Selected Abstracts

Resource Availability, Commitment and Environmental Reliability & Safety: A Study of Petroleum Refineries

JOURNAL OF CONTINGENCIES AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2005
Frederick Wolf
This paper examines the effect of resource availability and resource commitment on several important regulatory measures related to environmental risk and safety performance in petrochemical manufacturing. The research is grounded in Normal Accident Theory, and it controls for the effect of interactive complexity and a coupling on environmental reliability. The study is based on a sample (n=70) of petroleum refineries located in the United States during the five-year period, 1993,97. A statistically significant (p=.01) relationship between resource availability and the incidence of accidental hazardous substance releases was observed. The study also identified a significant relationship between plant safety as measured by Total Case Incident Rates (TCIR) and resource availability. Surprisingly, no significant relationships were observed between accidental hazardous substance releases or safety related performance outcomes as measured by Total Case Incident Rates and resource commitment as capital spending related to health, environmental and safety in this sample of refineries. [source]

The burden of hyperlipidaemia and diabetes in cardiovascular diseases

FUNDAMENTAL & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 2007
Marijan Merkler
Abstract Hyperlipidaemia and diabetes are among the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The incidence of CVD, as evidenced by the respective mean incident rate for each of the risk factor, is quite high throughout the European countries. Of late, these risk factors for CVD, especially for hyperlipidaemia and diabetes are setting in at an alarming rate in many of the low- and medium-income countries also, particularly among their urban populations. Therefore, planning and implementing programmes for prevention of CVD, particularly for controlling risk factors like hyperlipidaemia and diabetes should be accorded high priority. [source]

Sedation for oocyte retrieval using target controlled infusion of propofol and incremental alfentanil delivered by non-anaesthetists

ANAESTHESIA, Issue 5 2010
J. A. Edwards
Summary Oocyte retrieval is a procedure where sedation is recommended. This paper presents the process of setting up a new, non-anaesthetist delivered service in our institution, the development of safety systems and the audit data we have used to assure quality, effectiveness and safety. Logbook data were collected for 4342 cases, with detailed audit data collected for 260 cases. Safety is acceptable with a respiratory adverse incident rate of 0.5/1000 (95% CI 0.1,1.6/1000 cases). Unplanned, direct anaesthetic assistance was required in 3.5/1000 cases (95% CI 1.7,5.3/1000 cases). Anaesthetic advice was required in 7.5% cases (95% CI 4.2,10.7%) at the inception of the service, but rarely once established: 0.6% (95% CI 0.2,1.0%). Nearly all patients (99%) would have the same sedation method again, no patients required admission, and patients' co-operation was judged by the operating surgeon as very good or good in 91% of cases. [source]

Characterizing violence in health care in British Columbia

JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 8 2009
Rakel N. Kling
Abstract Title.,Characterizing violence in health care in British Columbia. Background., The high rate of violence in the healthcare sector supports the need for greater surveillance efforts. Aim., The purpose of this study was to use a province-wide workplace incident reporting system to calculate rates and identify risk factors for violence in the British Columbia healthcare industry by occupational groups, including nursing. Methods., Data were extracted for a 1-year period (2004,2005) from the Workplace Health Indicator Tracking and Evaluation database for all employee reports of violence incidents for four of the six British Columbia health authorities. Risk factors for violence were identified through comparisons of incident rates (number of incidents/100,000 worked hours) by work characteristics, including nursing occupations and work units, and by regression models adjusted for demographic factors. Results., Across health authorities, three groups at particularly high risk for violence were identified: very small healthcare facilities [rate ratios (RR) = 6·58, 95% CI =3·49, 12·41], the care aide occupation (RR = 10·05, 95% CI = 6·72, 15·05), and paediatric departments in acute care hospitals (RR = 2·22, 95% CI = 1·05, 4·67). Conclusions., The three high-risk groups warrant targeted prevention or intervention efforts be implemented. The identification of high-risk groups supports the importance of a province-wide surveillance system for public health planning. [source]

Prostate cancer incidence among American Indian and Alaska Native men, US, 1999,2004,,§

CANCER, Issue S5 2008
Jeffrey A. Henderson MD
Abstract BACKGROUND. American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) men experience lower incidence of prostate cancer than other race/ethnic populations in the US, but racial misclassification of AI/AN men threatens the validity of these estimates. To the authors' knowledge, little is known concerning prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in AI/AN men. METHODS. The authors linked cancer registry data with Indian Health Service enrollment records to improve race classification. Analyses comparing cancer incidence rates and stage at diagnosis for AI/AN and non-Hispanic white (NHW) men for 6 geographic regions focused on counties known to have less race misclassification. The authors also used Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System data to characterize PSA testing in AI/AN men. RESULTS. Prostate cancer incidence rates were generally lower in AI/AN than in NHW men for all regions combined (rate ratio of 0.68). However, regional variation was noted among AI/AN men, with incidence rates (per 100,000 population) ranging from 65.7 in the Southwest to 174.5 on the Northern Plains. The rate of distant stage disease was somewhat higher among AI/AN (7.8) than NHW (6.2) men. Nationally, AI/AN men were less likely than NHW men to have undergone recent PSA testing (48.4% vs 58.0%), with prominent regional variation in screening rates noted. CONCLUSIONS. Prostate cancer incidence rates and the proportion of men with recent PSA testing were lower for AI/AN men than for NHW men. However, incident rates and rate of distant stage varied by region more for AI/AN than for NHW. Further research is needed among AI/AN men to evaluate strategies for better understanding the causes of the regional variation in prostate cancer incidence. Cancer 2008;113(5 suppl):1203,12. Published 2008 by the American Cancer Society. [source]