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Inositol Levels (inositol + level)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	66%

Selected Abstracts

Sorbitol and myo -inositol levels and morphology of sural nerve in relation to peripheral nerve function and clinical neuropathy in men with diabetic, impaired, and normal glucose tolerance

DIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 4 2000
G. Sundkvist
Abstracts Aims Sorbitol and myo -inositol levels and morphology of sural nerve were compared with nerve function and clinical neuropathy in men with diabetic, impaired (IGT), and normal glucose tolerance. Methods After neurography of sural nerve and determinations of sensory thresholds for vibration, warm and cold on the foot, whole nerve sural nerve biopsy was performed in 10 men with Type 1 diabetes mellitus, 10 with IGT, and 10 with normal glucose tolerance. Polyol levels were assessed by gas,liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results Sural nerve amplitudes were significantly lower and sorbitol levels significantly higher in diabetic patients (median (interquartile range)) (3.7 (3.5) ,V and 643 (412) pmol/mg protein, respectively) both compared with IGT (11.3 (10.6) ,V; P = 0.04 and 286 (83) pmol/mg protein; P = 0.0032, respectively) and normally glucose tolerant (10.0 (11.6); P = 0.0142 and 296 (250) pmol/mg protein; P = 0.0191, respectively) subjects. There were no differences in nerve morphology between the three groups. Nerve myo -inositol levels correlated, however, positively with cluster density (rs = 0.56; P = 0.0054). In diabetic and IGT subjects, sural nerve amplitudes (2.6 (3.8) vs. 12.1 (10.6) ,V; P = 0.0246) and myelinated nerve fibre density (MNFD; 4076 (1091) vs. 5219 (668) nerve fibres/mm2; P = 0.0021) were significantly lower in nine subjects with clinical neuropathy than in 10 without. Conclusions Nerve degeneration (i.e. MNFD) correlated with clinical neuropathy but not with glucose tolerance status whereas nerve myo -inositol levels positively correlated with signs of nerve regeneration (i.e. increased cluster density). [source]

A review of the possible relevance of inositol and the phosphatidylinositol second messenger system (PI-cycle) to psychiatric disorders,focus on magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies

HUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, Issue 5 2005
Hyeonjin Kim
Abstract Myo -inositol is an important part of the phosphatidylinositol second messenger system (PI-cycle). Abnormalities in nerve cell myo -inositol levels and/or PI-cycle regulation has been suggested as being involved in the pathophysiology and/or treatment of many psychiatric disorders including bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders and schizophrenia. This review examines the metabolism and biochemical importance of myo -inositol and the PI-cycle. It relates this to the current in vivo evidence for myo -inositol and PI-cycle involvement in these psychiatric disorders, particularly focusing upon the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings in patient studies to date. From this review it is concluded that while the evidence suggests probable relevance to the pathophysiology and/or treatment of bipolar disorder, there is much less support for a significant role for the PI-cycle or myo -inositol in any other psychiatric disorder. More definitive investigation is required before PI-cycle dysfunction can be considered specific to bipolar disorder. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Growth, digestive capacity and intestinal microflora of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed graded levels of dietary inositol

AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 8 2009
Wei-Dan Jiang
Abstract A 60-day feeding trial was carried out with juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) to study the effects of myo -inositol (MI) on the growth, digestive enzyme and intestinal microbial population. Diets with seven levels of inositol (163.5, 232.7, 384.2, 535.8, 687.3, 838.8 and 990.3 mg MI kg,1 diet) were fed to Jian carp (initial weight 22.28±0.07 g). Per cent weight gain (PWG) was improved with increasing inositol levels up to 535.8 mg MI kg,1 diet (P<0.05), and plateaued (P>0.05). The protein production value, lipid production value and ash production value were increased with increasing dietary inositol levels up to 384.2, 838.8 and 838.8 mg MI kg,1 diet respectively (P<0.05). Although intestinal protein content and trypsin activity were not affected by inositol levels (P>0.05), chymotrypsin, lipase and amylase activities in intestine were the lowest for fish fed the MI-unsupplemented diet (P<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase, Na+, K+ -ATPase, ,-glutamyl transpeptidase and creatinkinase activities in the intestine were increased with an increase in the inositol levels up to 384.2,687.3 mg MI kg,1 diet (P<0.05). Intestinal Aeromonas hydrophila and Escherichia coli decreased with an increase in the levels of dietary inositol up to 232.7 and 687.3 mg MI kg,1 diet respectively (P<0.05), while Lactobacillus in the intestine increased with an increase in inositol levels up to 990.3 mg MI kg,1 diet (P<0.05). In conclusion, inositol improved growth, digestive capacity and intestinal microbial population of juvenile Jian carp, and the dietary inositol requirement for PWG of juvenile Jian carp is 518.0 mg MI kg,1 diet. [source]

Increased glutamate/glutamine compounds in the brains of patients with fibromyalgia: A magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 6 2010
Manuel Valdés
Objective Fibromyalgia (FM) has been defined as a systemic disorder that is clinically characterized by pain, cognitive deficit, and the presence of associated psychopathology, all of which are suggestive of a primary brain dysfunction. This study was undertaken to identify the nature of this cerebral dysfunction by assessing the brain metabolite patterns in patients with FM through magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques. Methods A cohort of 28 female patients with FM and a control group of 24 healthy women of the same age were studied. MRS techniques were used to study brain metabolites in the amygdala, thalami, and prefrontal cortex of these women. Results In comparison with healthy controls, patients with FM showed higher levels of glutamate/glutamine (Glx) compounds (mean ± SD 11.9 ± 1.6 arbitrary units [AU] versus 13.4 ± 1.7 AU in controls and patients, respectively; t = 2.517, 35 df, corrected P = 0.03) and a higher Glx:creatine ratio (mean ± SD 2.1 ± 0.4 versus 2.4 ± 1.4, respectively; t = 2.373, 35 df, corrected P = 0.04) in the right amygdala. In FM patients with increased levels of pain intensity, greater fatigue, and more symptoms of depression, inositol levels in the right amygdala and right thalamus were significantly higher. Conclusion The distinctive metabolic features found in the right amygdala of patients with FM suggest the possible existence of a neural dysfunction in emotional processing. The results appear to extend previous findings regarding the dysfunction in pain processing observed in patients with FM. [source]