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Inosine Monophosphate (inosine + monophosphate)
Terms modified by Inosine Monophosphate Selected AbstractsConstruction of a taste-blind medaka fish and quantitative assay of its preference,aversion behaviorGENES, BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR, Issue 8 2008Y. Aihara In vertebrates, the taste system provides information used in the regulation of food ingestion. In mammals, each cell group within the taste buds expresses either the T1R or the T2R taste receptor for preference,aversion discrimination. However, no such information is available regarding fish. We developed a novel system for quantitatively assaying taste preference,aversion in medaka fish. In this study, we prepared fluorescently labeled foods with fine cavities designed to retain tastants until they were bitten by the fish. The subjects were fed food containing a mixture of amino acids and inosine monophosphate (AN food), denatonium benzoate (DN food) or no tastant (NT food), and the amounts of ingested food were measured by fluorescence microscopy. Statistical analysis of the fluorescence intensities yielded quantitative measurements of AN food preference and DN food aversion. We then generated a transgenic fish expressing dominant-negative G,i2 both in T1R-expressing and in T2R-expressing cells. The feeding assay revealed that the transgenic fish was unable to show a preference for AN food and an aversion to DN food. The assay system was useful for evaluating taste-blind behaviors, and the results indicate that the two taste signaling pathways conveying preferable and aversive taste information are conserved in fish as well as in mammals. [source] The effects of ice storage on inosine monophosphate, inosine, hypoxanthine, and biogenic amine formation in European catfish (Silurus glanis) filletsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 10 2009Fatih Özogul Summary European catfish fillets in ice were evaluated by measuring nucleotide components and biogenic amine contents and these then compared with sensory and microbiological assessment during the 21 days of iced storage. Analyses were carried out using two different rapid HPLC methods for nucleotid degradation products and biogenic amine contents in European catfish fillets. Sensory evaluation showed that storage life of European catfish found to be 14,18 days. Initial inosine monophosphate (IMP) level was 12.6 ,mol g1 and then decreased during the rest of storage period. Inosine (INO) level increased rapidly until 7 days of storage. Hypoxanthine (Hx) level increased almost linearly with storage time. The most accumulated biogenic amines were putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, spermine, and serotonin in all the European catfish fillets during the storage, although the formation of biogenic amines levels was fluctuated. Histamine was only detectable at 4 and 7 days of storage as low as 1 mg 100 g1 fish. Total viable count in European catfish increased rapidly with storage time and reached ,109 cfu g1 when the fillets were not acceptable for consumption. [source] A review of the kinetics of degradation of inosine monophosphate in some species of fish during chilled storageINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 4 2006Peter Howgate Summary A literature search was made for data on the concentrations of inosine monophosphate (IMP) and its degradation products, inosine (Ino) and hypoxanthine (Hx), in the flesh of vertebrate fish during storage in ice. Twenty-one publications containing data for forty-five species were selected for review. A mathematical model was developed for analysing the data by assuming that the kinetics of degradation of IMP could be modelled as consecutive first order reactions. The model was fitted to the data and in about half of the cases examined in the review the data suggested that IMP and degradation products were lost by leaching and the kinetic model was extended to allow for this loss. In all of the cases reviewed the mathematical model was a good fit to the experimental data and the reaction rates for the reactions are tabulated in the paper. In all species the concentration of IMP decreased as a first order reaction, but for thirteen of the species examined the enzyme model of IMP to Ino to Hx did not fit the data in that either Ino or Hx did not accumulate in the muscle. There were only a few examples of replications of storage trials within species and comparison of the outcomes of these replications suggested that season or, in the case of farmed fish, genetic stock or cultural practices might influence initial IMP concentrations or reaction rates. [source] Kinetics of degradation of adenosine triphosphate in chill-stored rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2005Peter Howgate Summary Trout that had been held in freshwater or in sea water were stored at 0, 5, or 10 °C, and in the case of sea-water-held trout, also at 15 °C. Samples were taken during storage for analysis of ATP-derived metabolites. The kinetics of degradation of ATP were investigated using two mathematical models, one depending on only endogenous enzymes acting in a sequence of consecutive first order reactions, and one assuming inosine was additionally converted to hypoxanthine by bacterial action. The former model adequately fitted the data from trout held in sea water, but the latter model was a better fit to data from the trout held in freshwater. The activation energy of loss of inosine monophosphate was estimated to be 17.4 kcal mol,1. [source] EFFECT OF HIGH PRESSURE TREATMENT ON CYTOPLASMIC 5,-NUCLEOTIDASE FROM RABBIT SKELETAL MUSCLEJOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 3 2007SUNAO MORI ABSTRACT We investigated the effect of high-pressure treatment on the properties of cytoplasmic 5, -nucleotidase (NT), which converts inosine monophosphate (IMP) into inosine. After pressure treatment at 400 MPa, the activity of purified IMP-NT remained at almost 100%, but the activity of partially purified adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-NT decreased to about 40%. These data suggest that there is a difference in the pressure stability between the enzymes. In situ fluorescence spectroscopy of IMP-NT under pressure showed that its pressure-induced denaturation was reversible. When the pressure was reduced from the highest pressure to ambient pressure, hysteresis was observed. This suggests that high pressure treatment may lead to a partial change in the affinity of the subunits for each other once they have dissociated. The activities of IMP-NT and AMP-NT extracted from pressure-treated muscles decreased remarkably between 250 and 450 MPa, but IMP-NT was more stable than AMP-NT. [source] Mapping of the bovine genes of the de novo AMP synthesis pathway,ANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 6 2004T. Bønsdorff Summary The purine nucleotides adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP) are critical for energy metabolism, cell signalling and cell reproduction. Despite their essential function, little is known about the regulation and in vivo expression pattern of the genes involved in the de novo purine synthesis pathway. The complete coding region of the bovine phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase gene (PAICS), which catalyses steps 6 and 7 of the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway, as well as bovine genomic sequences of the six other genes in the pathway producing inosine monophosphate (IMP) and AMP [phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPAT), phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (GART), phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase (PFAS), adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL), 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (ATIC) and adenylosuccinate synthase (ADSS)], were identified. The genes were mapped to segments of six different bovine chromosomes using a radiation hybrid (RH) cell panel. The gene PPAT, coding for the presumed rate-limiting enzyme of the purine de novo pathway was closely linked to PAICS on BTA6. These, and the other bovine locations i.e. GART at BTA1, PFAS at BTA19, ADSL at BTA5, ATIC at BTA2 and ADSS at BTA16, are in agreement with published comparative maps of cattle and man. PAICS and PPAT genes are known to be closely linked in human, rat and chicken. Previously, an expressed sequence fragment of PAICS (Bos taurus corpus luteum, BTCL9) was mapped to BTA13. By isolation and characterization of a BAC clone, we have now identified a PAICS processed pseudogene sequence (,PAICS) on BTA13. Processed pseudogene sequences of PAICS and other genes of the purine biosynthesis pathway were identified in several mammalian species, indicating that the genes of this pathway have been susceptible to retrotransposition. The seven bovine genes are expressed at a higher level in testicular and ovary tissues compared with skeletal muscle. [source] Dietary nucleotide supplementation enhances growth and immune responses of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricusAQUACULTURE NUTRITION, Issue 2 2009Y.-H. LIN Abstract Basal diet containing 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g kg,1 mixture of inosine monophosphate (IMP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP), uridine monophosphate (UMP) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) (1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1) (mixed-NT; Experiment 1) and 1.5 g kg,1 from each nucleotides and mixed-nucleotides (NT; Experiment 2) were fed to triplicate groups of grouper for 8 weeks. Basal diet without NT was used as control in both Experiments. In Experiment 1, fish fed the diet with 1.5 g mixed-NT kg,1 had higher (P < 0.05) weight gain (WG) than the control group. The superoxide anion (O2,) production ratio was higher in fish fed diets with 1.0,1.5 g mixed-NT kg,1 than the fish fed diets with ,0.5 g mixed-NT kg,1. In Experiment 2, fish fed diets with nucleotides had higher WG than the control group. The O2, production ratio was higher in fish fed the diet with 1.5 g AMP kg,1, followed by fish fed diets with 1.5 g UMP and mixed-NT kg,1, and lowest in the control group. These results suggest that growth and immune responses were enhanced in grouper fed diet with 1.5 g mixed-NT kg,1 diet. Diet with 1.5 g kg,1 of AMP seems to be more beneficial on the immune responses in fish than other nucleotides. [source] | |||||||||||||