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Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (anaplastic + thyroid_cancer)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	80%

Terms modified by Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

anaplastic thyroid cancer cell

Selected Abstracts

Primary cell cultures from anaplastic thyroid cancer obtained by fine-needle aspiration used for chemosensitivity tests

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 1 2008
Alessandro Antonelli
Summary Objective, Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is often inoperable and chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main treatments. Until now, ,primary ATC cell cultures' (ANA) have been developed from surgical biopsies. We investigated the possibility of obtaining ANA from fine-needle aspiration (FNA-ANA) and testing their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, which could enable treatments to be more effective and avoid unnecessary surgical procedures. Design and patients, The aim of this study was to obtain FNA-ANA from three ATC patients and to evaluate the chemosensitivity of FNA-ANA to chemotherapeutic agents. Measurements and results, FNA-ANA from ATC patients were cultured in RPMI 1640 and propagated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). Chemosensitivity was evaluated by inhibiting the proliferation (analysing the number of viable cells by the cleavage of tetrazolium salts), by increasing the concentration of four different chemotherapeutic agents: bleomycin, cisplatin, gemcitabine and etoposide. The chemotherapeutic agents significantly inhibited (> 50%) FNA-ANA proliferation. Another ANA for each patient was obtained from a surgical biopsy specimen; the results for the chemosensitivity tests were similar to those obtained using FNA-ANA. Conclusions, Our study demonstrates the possibility of obtaining FNA-ANA, and opens the way to the use of FNA-ANA as a means of testing the chemosensitivity to different chemotherapeutic agents (and possibly the radiosensitivity) in each patient, avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures and the administration of inactive chemotherapeutics. [source]

Airway Management in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma,

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 7 2008
Ashok R. Shaha MD
Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis: In patients who present with advanced anaplastic thyroid cancer, airway management is difficult because of bilateral vocal cord paralysis or tracheal invasion by the tumor. Airway management can be extremely complex in these patients. Study Design: This is the author's 25 year experience with 30 patients who presented with anaplastic thyroid cancer and acute airway problems. Methods: The patients' airway issues developed soon after presentation or a few months after treatment. Ten patients presented with initial symptoms of acute airway distress. All of these patients were treated with tracheostomy or cricothyrotomy. Results: The 10 patients who presented with initial symptoms of acute airway distress died within 4 months. Eight of the remaining 20 patients developed bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Airway management for these patients depended on the extent of distant disease and the family's understanding of the advanced nature of the disease and the palliative efforts. The remaining patients had a palliative and supportive approach. Conclusions: Airway management was the most critical issue in patients who presented with anaplastic thyroid cancer and initial airway distress. Cricothyrotomy was helpful in avoiding acute airway catastrophe. It is important to distinguish between poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer and lymphoma for appropriate airway management. [source]

Synthesis, characterization and biological studies of alkenyl-substituted titanocene(IV) carboxylate complexes

APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 9 2010
Goran N. Kalu, erovi
Abstract The carboxylate compounds [Ti(,5 -C5H5)(,5 -C5H4{CMe2(CH2CH2CHCH2)})(O2CCH2SXyl)2] (2; Xyl = 3,5-Me2C6H3) and [Ti(,5 -C5H5)(,5 -C5H4{CMe2(CH2CH2CHCH2)})(O2CCH2SMesl)2] (3; Mes 1 = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2) were synthesized by the reaction of [Ti(,5 -C5H5)(,5 -C5H4{CMe2(CH2CH2CHCH2)})Cl2] (1) with 2 equivalents of xylylthioacetic acid or mesitylthioacetic acid, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 were characterized by spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxic activity of 1,3 was tested against human tumor cell lines from four different histogenic origins,8505C (anaplastic thyroid cancer), DLD-1 (colon cancer) and the cisplatin sensitive A253 (head and neck cancer) and A549 (lung carcinoma),and compared with those of the reference complex [Ti(,5 -C5H5)2Cl2] (R1) and cisplatin. Surprisingly, the cytotoxic activities of the carboxylate derivatives were lower than those of their corresponding dichloride analogue (1). However, complexes 1,3 were more active than titanocene dichloride against all the studied cells with the exception of complex 2 against A253 and A549 cell lines. DNA-interaction tests were also carried out. Solutions of all the studied complexes were treated with different concentrations of fish sperm DNA, observing modifications of the UV spectra with intrinsic binding constants of 2.99 × 105, 2.45 × 105, and 2.35 × 105M,1 for 1,3. Structural studies based on density functional theory calculations of 2 and 3 were also carried out. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Activation Induces Cell Cycle Arrest via the p53-independent Pathway in Human Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells

CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 12 2002
Sung Hwa Chung
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is one of the most aggressive human malignancies. Outcomes of intensive multimodal therapy have been far from satisfactory. Furthermore, p53 gene dysfunction, often found in this type of cancer, is known to impair the efficacy of the therapeutic agents. Specific ligands for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-,) induce growth suppression in some tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the role of PPAR-, in anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines (OCUT-1, ACT-1). PPAR-, was expressed and functional in both cell lines. Activation of PPAR-, with its specific ligands, troglitazone and 15-deoxy-,12, 14 -prostaglandin J2, inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner through inducing G1 cell cycle arrest. P53 protein expression differed in OCUT-1 and in ACT-1, though the levels stayed constant irrespective of ligand exposure in both cell lines. In contrast, p21 and p27 proteins were induced in a dose-dependent manner in both situations. This study showed that PPAR-, ligands were able to induce growth suppression in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells via a p53-independent, but p21- and p27-dependent cytostatic pathway. These tumor-suppressive effects of PPAR-, may provide a novel approach to the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer. [source]