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IGF-1 Levels (igf-1 + level)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	76%

Distribution within Medical Sciences

Urology	21%
Andrology	10%

Selected Abstracts

Effects of Body Condition and Protein Supplementation on LH Secretion and Luteal Function in Sheep

REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS, Issue 5 2007
CA Meza-Herrera
Contents In ruminants, nutrition is one of the exogenous inputs affecting reproductive function at different levels of the hypothalamic,hypophyseal,gonadal axis. However, the exact mechanisms or even the identification of the signalling metabolic compounds by which nutrition affects reproductive function still need further clarification. The role of static body condition (BC) and its interaction with a short-term protein supplementation (PL), on secretion of metabolic hormones [growth hormone (GH), insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)], as well as on secretion of LH and progesterone (P4) was evaluated in sheep. Twenty-four Rambouillet ewes divided into two groups, with lower (LBC) and higher body condition (HBC), were randomly assigned within BC to one of two PL levels: low (LPL, 24% of crude protein; 14 g/animal/day), and high (HPL, 44% of crude protein; 30 g/animal/day). The secretion of GH, insulin, IGF-1 and LH was evaluated on day 10 of the oestrous cycle; appearance and timing of oestrous behaviour were previously detected using rams. Progesterone secretion was evaluated on day 13 of the same cycle. No differences were found (p > 0.05) between PL groups on serum GH concentrations during the sampling period (overall mean of 4.0 ± 0.3 ng/ml), but a trend for lower values in HBC sheep was found (3.6 ± 0.4 vs 4.4 ± 0.4 ng/ml, p = 0.06). A BC effect was observed (p < 0.05) on serum IGF-1 level, with higher values in HBC sheep (p < 0.05). Neither BC nor PL affected (p > 0.05) secretion of LH and the number of corpora lutea, nor serum P4 and insulin concentrations. Results indicate a predominance of the static component of nutrition on sheep metabolic hormone responses, GH and IGF-1, with no effect of short-term PL on secretion of pituitary and ovarian hormones as well as luteal number and activity. [source]

Are dietary influences on the risk of prostate cancer mediated through the insulin-like growth factor system?

BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 9 2001
L.A. Mucci
Objectives,To investigate whether dietary factors that appear to affect the risk of prostate cancer may be similarly associated with serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Patients and methods,In the context of a case-control study, 112 men were admitted to three teaching hospitals in Athens, Greece, for disorders other than cancer. Sociodemographic data and detailed histories of smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption were recorded. A validated food-frequency questionnaire was administered by an interviewer and serological measurements of IGF-1 and its binding protein-3 conducted. Results,IGF-1 declined significantly by almost 25% among men aged >75 years and there was a small reduction in IGF-1 levels with increased alcohol intake, with a mean (95% confidence interval, CI) change of ,1.6 (, 2.2 to ,0.9)% for an increment of one drink per day. There was no evidence for an effect of either smoking or coffee consumption on IGF-1 level. Among foods, the consumption of cooked tomatoes was substantially and significantly inversely associated with IGF-1 levels, with a mean (95% CI) change of ,31.5 (, 49.1 to ,7.9)% for an increment of one serving per day. Conclusions,The strongest known dietary risk factor for prostate cancer (lycopene deficit, as reflected in a reduced intake of cooked tomatoes) and an important endocrine factor in the aetiology of this disease (IGF-1) seem to be related in a way that suggests that at least one, and perhaps more, exogenous factors in the development of prostate cancer may be mediated through the IGF-1 system. [source]

Monitoring of acromegaly: what should be performed when GH and IGF-1 levels are discrepant?

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Pamela U. Freda
Summary Monitoring of a patient with acromegaly requires periodic evaluation of levels of GH and IGF-1, the biochemical markers of this disease. Although the results of these two tests are usually concordant, they can be discrepant and how to proceed when they are can be a challenging clinical problem. In some cases, IGF-1 levels are normal yet GH suppression after oral glucose is abnormal; this pattern may be due to persistent GH dysregulation despite remission. In other cases, IGF-1 levels are elevated yet GH suppression appears to be normal; this pattern may be observed if the cutoff for GH suppression is inappropriately high for the GH assay being used. Various conditions known to alter GH and IGF-1 including malnutrition, thyroid disease and oestrogen use as well as the potential for methodological or normative data issues with the GH and IGF-1 assays should be considered in the interpretation of discrepant results. When a known cause of the discrepancy other than acromegaly is not identified, a clinical decision about the patient's therapy needs to be made. We adjust treatment in most patients whose results are discrepant based on the IGF-1 level, continuing current treatment if it is persistently normal or modifying this if it is elevated. The clinical picture of the patient, however, also needs to be incorporated into this decision. All patients should have continued periodic surveillance of both GH and IGF-1 levels. [source]

Role of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, hyperglycaemic food and milk consumption in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris

EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 10 2009
Bodo C. Melnik
Abstract:, It is the purpose of this viewpoint article to delineate the regulatory network of growth hormone (GH), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signalling during puberty, associated hormonal changes in adrenal and gonadal androgen metabolism, and the impact of dietary factors and smoking involved in the pathogenesis of acne. The key regulator IGF-1 rises during puberty by the action of increased GH secretion and correlates well with the clinical course of acne. In acne patients, associations between serum levels of IGF-1, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, dihydrotestosterone, acne lesion counts and facial sebum secretion rate have been reported. IGF-1 stimulates 5,-reductase, adrenal and gonadal androgen synthesis, androgen receptor signal transduction, sebocyte proliferation and lipogenesis. Milk consumption results in a significant increase in insulin and IGF-1 serum levels comparable with high glycaemic food. Insulin induces hepatic IGF-1 secretion, and both hormones amplify the stimulatory effect of GH on sebocytes and augment mitogenic downstream signalling pathways of insulin receptors, IGF-1 receptor and fibroblast growth factor receptor-2b. Acne is proposed to be an IGF-1-mediated disease, modified by diets and smoking increasing insulin/IGF1-signalling. Metformin treatment, and diets low in milk protein content and glycaemic index reduce increased IGF-1 signalling. Persistent acne in adulthood with high IGF-1 levels may be considered as an indicator for increased risk of cancer, which may require appropriate dietary intervention as well as treatment with insulin-sensitizing agents. [source]

Sexual dimorphism in cortical bone size and strength but not density is determined by independent and time-specific actions of sex steroids and IGF-1: Evidence from pubertal mouse models

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2010
Filip Callewaert
Abstract Although it is well established that males acquire more bone mass than females, the underlying mechanism and timing of this sex difference remain controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the relative contribution of sex steroid versus growth hormone,insulin-like growth factor 1 (GH,IGF-1) action to pubertal bone mass acquisition longitudinally in pubertal mice. Radial bone expansion peaked during early puberty (3 to 5 weeks of age) in male and female mice, with significantly more expansion in males than in females (+40%). Concomitantly, in 5,week old male versus female mice, periosteal and endocortical bone formation was higher (+70%) and lower (,47%), respectively, along with higher serum IGF-1 levels during early puberty in male mice. In female mice, ovariectomy increased radial bone expansion during early puberty as well as the endocortical perimeter. In male mice, orchidectomy reduced radial bone expansion only during late puberty (5 to 8 weeks of age), whereas combined androgen and estrogen deficiency modestly decreased radial bone expansion during early puberty, accompanied by lower IGF-1 levels. GHRKO mice with very low IGF-1 levels, on the other hand, showed limited radial bone expansion and no skeletal dimorphism. From these data we conclude that skeletal sexual dimorphism is established during early puberty and depends primarily on GH,IGF-1 action. In males, androgens and estrogens have stimulatory effects on bone size during late and early puberty, respectively. In females, estrogens limit bone size during early puberty. These longitudinal findings in mice provide strong evidence that skeletal dimorphism is determined by independent and time-specific effects of sex steroids and IGF-1. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research [source]

Identification of genetic determinants of IGF-1 levels and longevity among mouse inbred strains

AGING CELL, Issue 5 2010
Magalie S. Leduc
Summary The IGF-1 signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating longevity. To identify the genetic loci and genes that regulate plasma IGF-1 levels, we intercrossed MRL/MpJ and SM/J, inbred mouse strains that differ in IGF-1 levels. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of IGF-1 levels of these F2 mice detected four QTL on chromosomes (Chrs) 9 (48 Mb), 10 (86 Mb), 15 (18 Mb), and 17 (85 Mb). Haplotype association mapping of IGF-1 levels in 28 domesticated inbred strains identified three suggestive loci in females on Chrs 2 (13 Mb), 10 (88 Mb), and 17 (28 Mb) and in four males on Chrs 1 (159 Mb), 3 (52 and 58 Mb), and 16 (74 Mb). Except for the QTL on Chr 9 and 16, all loci co-localized with IGF-1 QTL previously identified in other mouse crosses. The most significant locus was the QTL on Chr 10, which contains the Igf1 gene and which had a LOD score of 31.8. Haplotype analysis among 28 domesticated inbred strains revealed a major QTL on Chr 10 overlapping with the QTL identified in the F2 mice. This locus showed three major haplotypes; strains with haplotype 1 had significantly lower plasma IGF-1 and extended longevity (P < 0.05) than strains with haplotype 2 or 3. Bioinformatic analysis, combined with sequencing and expression studies, showed that Igf1 is the most likely QTL gene, but that other genes may also play a role in this strong QTL. [source]

Long-term effects of calorie or protein restriction on serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 concentration in humans

AGING CELL, Issue 5 2008
Luigi Fontana
Summary Reduced function mutations in the insulin/IGF-I signaling pathway increase maximal lifespan and health span in many species. Calorie restriction (CR) decreases serum IGF-1 concentration by ~40%, protects against cancer and slows aging in rodents. However, the long-term effects of CR with adequate nutrition on circulating IGF-1 levels in humans are unknown. Here we report data from two long-term CR studies (1 and 6 years) showing that severe CR without malnutrition did not change IGF-1 and IGF-1 : IGFBP-3 ratio levels in humans. In contrast, total and free IGF-1 concentrations were significantly lower in moderately protein-restricted individuals. Reducing protein intake from an average of 1.67 g kg,1 of body weight per day to 0.95 g kg,1 of body weight per day for 3 weeks in six volunteers practicing CR resulted in a reduction in serum IGF-1 from 194 ng mL,1 to 152 ng mL,1. These findings demonstrate that, unlike in rodents, long-term severe CR does not reduce serum IGF-1 concentration and IGF-1 : IGFBP-3 ratio in humans. In addition, our data provide evidence that protein intake is a key determinant of circulating IGF-1 levels in humans, and suggest that reduced protein intake may become an important component of anticancer and anti-aging dietary interventions. [source]

Influence of cardiac-specific overexpression of insulin-like growth factor 1 on lifespan and aging-associated changes in cardiac intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, protein damage and apoptotic protein expression

AGING CELL, Issue 6 2007
Qun Li
Summary A fall in circulating levels of cardiac survival factor insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) contributes to cardiac aging. To better understand the role of IGF-1 in cardiac aging, we examined the influence of cardiac IGF-1 overexpression on lifespan, cardiomyocyte intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, protein damage, apoptosis and expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in young and old mice. Mouse survival rate was constructed by the Kaplan,Meier curve. Intracellular Ca2+ was evaluated by fura-2 fluorescence. Protein damage was determined by protein carbonyl formation. Apoptosis was assessed by caspase-8 expression, caspase-3 and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling) assay. Pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins including Bax, p53, pp53, Bcl2, Omi/HtrA2, apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) were assessed by Western blot. Aging decreased plasma in IGF-1 levels, elevated myocyte resting intracellular Ca2+ levels, reduced electrically stimulated rise in intracellular Ca2+ and delayed intracellular Ca2+ decay associated with enhanced protein carbonyl formation, caspase-8 expression and caspase-3 activity in FVB mice, all of which with the exception of elevated resting intracellular Ca2+ were attenuated by IGF-1. Aging up-regulated expression of Bax, Bcl2 and ARC, down-regulated XIAP expression and did not affect p53, pp53 and Omi/HtrA2. The IGF-1 transgene attenuated or nullified aging-induced changes in Bax, Bcl2 and XIAP. Our data suggest a beneficial role for IGF-1 in aging-induced survival, cardiac intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, protein damage and apoptosis possibly related to pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. [source]

A growth hormone-secreting adenoma with incomplete nerve bundle formation

NEUROPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2008
Hidetoshi Ikeda
We present a unique case of an adenoma secreting growth hormone (GH), showing incomplete nerve bundle formation without ganglion cells. A 47-year-old man presenting with acromegaly was revealed to have high serum GH and IGF-1 levels. The concentrations of the other adenohypophysial hormones were within the normal range. Histology revealed an unusual pituitary adenoma containing many nerve bundle-like structures. Adenoma cells with ovoid or round hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasms lacked the typical features of ganglion cells. The nerve bundles consisted of slender elongated cells. These fibers were arranged into groups in a roughly parallel fashion. By immunohistochemistry, many adenoma cells were positive for GH, prolactin, thyrotropin beta, synaptophysin and chromogranin. Fibrous bodies revealed by keratin immunostaining were found only in adenoma cells. Scattered star-shaped adenoma cells showed the same immunoreactivity as folliculo-satellite cells. Adenoma cells, but not the bundle-like structures, were also positive for Pit-1. Immunostaining for neurofilament protein, GFAP, vimentin, and S-100 protein revealed variable amounts of fibrils within the bundle-like structures. Scattered immunoreactivity for myelin basic protein and synaptophysin was also found in the bundle area. Our case is the first GH-secreting pituitary adenoma showing incomplete nerve bundle differentiation and lacking mature ganglion cells. [source]

Carbohydrate restriction, prostate cancer growth, and the insulin-like growth factor axis,

THE PROSTATE, Issue 1 2008
Stephen J. Freedland
Abstract BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests carbohydrate intake may influence prostate cancer biology. We tested whether a no-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (NCKD) would delay prostate cancer growth relative to Western and low-fat diets in a xenograft model. METHODS Seventy-five male SCID mice were fed a NCKD (84% fat,0% carbohydrate,16% protein kcal), low-fat (12% fat,72% carbohydrate,16% protein kcal), or Western diet (40% fat,44% carbohydrate,16% protein kcal). Low-fat mice were fed ad libitum and the other arms fed via a modified-paired feeding protocol. After 24 days, all mice were injected with LAPC-4 cells and sacrificed when tumors approached 1,000 mm3. RESULTS Despite consuming equal calories, NCKD-fed mice lost weight (up to 15% body weight) relative to low-fat and Western diet-fed mice and required additional kcal to equalize body weight. Fifty-one days after injection, NCKD mice tumor volumes were 33% smaller than Western mice (rank-sum, P,=,0.009). There were no differences in tumor volume between low-fat and NCKD mice. Dietary treatment was significantly associated with survival (log-rank, P,=,0.006), with the longest survival among the NCKD mice, followed by the low-fat mice. Serum IGFBP-3 was highest and IGF-1:IGFBP-3 ratio was lowest among NCKD mice while serum insulin and IGF-1 levels were highest in Western mice. NCKD mice had significantly decreased hepatic fatty infiltration relative to the other arms. CONCLUSIONS In this xenograft model, despite consuming more calories, NCKD-fed mice had significantly reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival relative to Western mice and was associated with favorable changes in serum insulin and IGF axis hormones relative to low-fat or Western diet. Prostate 68: 11,19, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

An unusual case of vascular hypogonadism treated with clomiphene citrate and testosterone replacement

ANDROLOGIA, Issue 1 2009
R. S. Tan
Summary Many male patients are discovered on screening to suffer from hypogonadism and age related hypogonadism is being increasingly recognized. However, secondary causes of hypogonadism should not be overlooked, especially in patients who may have concomitant morbidity as highlighted in this case. Our patient with vascular hypogonadism was treated with testosterone and clomiphene citrate in cycles; with a hope of improving not only androgen levels but overall pituitary function as there were co-existing endocrine pathologies of albeit primary hypothyroidism and low IGF-1 levels. Treatment with exogenous testosterone is fairly well established; but there is also increasing evidence of the effectiveness and short-term safety of clomiphene citrate in restoring not only biological levels but functional states in males as well. As such, we report an unusual case of a patient seen at our Men's Health & Andrology clinic in which both the cause of some otherwise unremarkable symptoms and the treatment, using a combination of clomiphene citrate and testosterone, were remarkable. [source]

Effect of diet and ration on the relationship between plasma GH and IGF-1 concentrations in Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.)

AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 8 2007
Colin Cameron
Abstract The purpose of the study was to investigate whether dietary ration or diet composition influence the relationship between plasma growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.). The pattern of changes in plasma GH and IGF-1 concentrations was examined in fish fed at different ration levels (0%, 0.35% and 0.70% BW day,1) for 5 weeks, and in fish fed diets containing different lipid:crude protein (LCP) ratios. Ration level significantly affected plasma GH and IGF-1 concentrations; at 5 weeks the levels of both hormones in the food-deprived group were significantly lower than in fish fed the 0.70% BW day,1 ration. Also, plasma IGF-1 levels in fish of each ration treatment group were significantly correlated with individual final body weight; no such correlation was found for GH. To examine the effects of dietary LCP ratios, fish were fed for up to 18 weeks, with one of four formulated diets that had LCP ratios (dry matter basis) of 0.35 (Diet 1), 0.43 (Diet 2), 0.51 (Diet 3) or 0.59 (Diet 4), or a commercial diet (Diet 5) which had an LCP ratio of 0.38. Statistical differences in plasma GH and IGF-1 concentrations were found only after 18 weeks. Growth hormone was significantly lower in fish fed Diets 1 and 2 compared with Diets 3 and 5, and IGF-1 was significantly lower in fish fed Diet 1 compared with Diets 2 and 5. Significant correlations between plasma GH and IGF-1 concentrations were found only for fish fed Diets 1 and 5, suggesting that the influence of diet composition on the relationship between GH and IGF-1 varies with the dietary LCP ratio in this species. The decline in plasma IGF-1 concentrations during food deprivation is similar to that described in other species; however, the unexpected decrease in plasma GH during food deprivation in this study may represent a species-specific response. [source]

Are dietary influences on the risk of prostate cancer mediated through the insulin-like growth factor system?

The significance of serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 in patients with prostate cancer

BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2000
R. Kurek
Objectives,To compare the serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in patients with prostate cancer and in control patients with no malignancy, and to evaluate any possible influence of testicular androgen withdrawal on the level of IGF-1 in patients with prostate cancer. Patients and methods,IGF-1 was measured in serum samples from 238 patients using both a chemiluminescence method and a radio-immunoassay. From a subgroup of 19 patients presenting with newly diagnosed carcinoma of the prostate, IGF-1 and testosterone values were measured before and during the course of testicular androgen with-drawal, achieved by the administration of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogues combined with anti-androgens. Results,There were no significant differences in the mean serum levels of IGF-1 patients with and without prostate cancer (158.6 and 159.1 ng/mL, respect-ively). There were no significant differences in mean IGF-1 levels before and after antiandrogen therapy; the mean (median, sd, range) levels of testosterone (µg/L) and IGF-1 (ng/mL) before androgen withdrawal were 4.81 (4.84, 1.26, 3.11,6.93) and 157.1 (152.5, 26.7, 122.8,195.1). After androgen withdrawal the corresponding values were 0.303 (0.218, 0.24, 0.13,0.81) and 169.7 (31.7, 168.6, 124.9,227.6). A linear regression analysis (P = 0.76) and Spearman rank order correlation test (correlation coefficient ,0.0613, P = 0.64) showed no association between levels of testosterone and IGF-1. Freeze and thaw cycles applied to the samples had no effect on the IGF-1 values measured. Conclusions,There was no significant association between IGF-1 serum levels and prostate cancer. Short-term androgen withdrawal using LHRH anal-ogues combined with anti-androgens had no effect on the levels of IGF-1. [source]

Change of symptoms and perceived health in acromegalic patients on pegvisomant therapy: a retrospective cohort study within the German Pegvisomant Observational Study (GPOS)

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
Caroline Sievers
Summary Objective, This study aimed at investigating how symptoms and perceived health changes in acromegalic patients during pegvisomant treatment in respect to IGF-1 levels and disease characteristics. Design/patients, Retrospective, multicentre cohort study in 131 acromegalic patients within the German Pegvisomant Observational Study (GPOS). Measurements, Outcome measure was the change of perceived health evaluated by the Patient-Assessed Acromegaly Symptom Questionnaire (PASQ) between baseline and after 1 year of pegvisomant therapy. Predictors were change in IGF-1 levels, maximal pegvisomant dosage, adverse events and comorbidities. Results, Perspiration, soft tissue swelling and perceived health improved after 1 year of pegvisomant therapy while other symptoms such as headache, fatigue and joint pain remained largely unchanged over time. The highest mean IGF-1/upper limit of normal (ULN) values before pegvisomant therapy were found in those patients with a reported amelioration in perspiration and soft tissue swelling after 1 year of pegvisomant treatment. The highest mean decrease of IGF-1/ULN was found in those patients with reported amelioration of numbness and tingling of limbs. Other factors such as decrease in fasting glucose may play a role as independent predictor for some symptoms such as the improvement of headache, perspiration and perceived health, while other factors such as maximal pegvisomant dosage, occurrence of adverse events, tumour growth, or liver enzyme elevation did not play a predictive role. Conclusions, Patients' symptoms and perceived health are in part an independent construct, not merely reflecting IGF-1 status or biochemical control. Subjective measures should therefore be regularly documented in acromegalic patients as a patient-oriented indicator for treatment success. [source]

Monitoring of acromegaly: what should be performed when GH and IGF-1 levels are discrepant?

Long-term (up to 18 years) effects on GH/IGF-1 hypersecretion and tumour size of primary somatostatin analogue (SSTa) therapy in patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma responsive to SSTa

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 2 2007
Jean Christophe Maiza
Summary Context The role of somatostatin analogues (SSTa) in the treatment of acromegaly. Objective To evaluate the antihormonal and antitumour efficacy of long-term (up to 18 years) primary treatment with SSTa in patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenoma responsive to SSTa. Design An open, prospective, single-centre, clinical study. Patients Thirty-six acromegalic patients, aged 17,75 years (postoral glucose tolerance test GH > 1 µg/l, increased IGF-1 for age and sex), were monitored in a single centre and treated with SSTa as first-line therapy. The mean pretreatment GH level was 13·5 ± 3·1 µg/l, and IGF-1 (as a percentage of the value over the normal range) was 302 ± 26%. The patients had macroadenoma (n = 25), microadenoma (n = 8) or empty sella turcica (n = 3). The mean duration of treatment was 8 years (range 3,18 years). Hormonal and morphological monitoring was undertaken after 6 months, and then the patients were followed annually. Results After 1 year, the mean GH and IGF-1 levels had reduced considerably (GH: 2·4 ± 0·3 µg/l; IGF-1; 174 ± 14%, P < 0·01), and they continued to decrease over 10 years, with a mean GH level of 1·6 ± 0·1 µg/l and IGF-1 of 123 ± 18% (P = 0·02). GH < 2 µg/l, normal IGF-1, or both were observed in 25 (70%), 24 (67%) and 21 (58%) patients, respectively. The mean reduction in tumour volume was 43% (range 13,97%) and shrinkage > 20% was obtained in 21 patients (72%). SSTa treatment was well tolerated with few digestive or metabolic side-effects. Conclusion Long-term (up to 18 years) treatment with SSTa used as first-line therapy is effective from both an antihormonal and antitumour perspective, and is well tolerated in acromegalic patients. [source]

Assessment of quality of life in adults receiving long-term growth hormone replacement compared to control subjects

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 1 2003
I. A. Malik
Summary objective There are few studies of quality of life (QOL) in adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) compared to matched control populations without GHD. These have shown impairments in a variety of QOL measures, which improve but do not normalize after short-term replacement with GH. There is little information on QOL in long-term treated GHD patients compared with controls without GHD. patients and methods A total of 120 adults with GHD who had received GH replacement for at least 1 year were identified from the neuroendocrine clinic. Patients were asked to complete eight QOL questionnaires and an Energy Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results were compared with 83 control subjects without GHD from the local population who agreed to complete seven of the QOL questionnaires (excluding Disease Impact scale) and the energy VAS. The eight questionnaires were a combination of generic and disease-specific questionnaires used to assess health related QOL, namely: Short Form-36 (SF-36), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Disease Impact, Life Fulfilment and Satisfaction scales, Mental Fatigue Questionnaire (MFQ) and Self Esteem scale, Hospital Anxiety Depression (HAD) scale and QOL-AGHDA (assessment of GHD in adults). results Eighty-nine patients returned questionnaires and 85 (71%) had complete data for analysis. The mean (SD) duration of GH replacement was 36·0 ± 26·4 (range 13,159) months. Mean age was 43·9 ± 15·8 years (37 males) in treated GHD patients compared to a mean age 41·7 ± 10·5 years (32 males) in the controls. Mean IGF-1 levels were 22·5 ± 13·6 nmol/l in the GHD patients and the mean dose of GH replacement was 1·2 ± 0·4 IU daily. Analysis of the QOL questionnaires from the GH treated patients revealed highly significant impairments in all measures (most P , 0·0001, except life fulfilment-material, P = 0·33) compared to the control population. conclusions This large population with treated GH deficiency have significant impairments in multiple aspects of QOL despite replacement with GH and other pituitary hormones for at least 1 year (mean 3 years). It is likely therefore that other factors in addition to GH deficiency must influence QOL in these patients. Further strategies to improve QOL in these individuals should therefore be considered, e.g. psychological support and treatments and physical treatments (such as exercise programmes). [source]

Lipid profiles in untreated severe congenital isolated growth hormone deficiency through the lifespan

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 1 2002
Helena K. Gleeson
Summary objective Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is associated with adverse changes in lipid profile. However, changes in lipids through life in a homogeneous group of GHD subjects have not been defined. patients and measurements We examined lipid levels in a group of untreated severely GHD patients with a mutation in the GHRH receptor gene from a rural community in North-east Brazil. Lipid profiles in 15 GHD subjects [eight children and adolescents (one male), age (median [range]) 13·2 (5·4,19·9) years; seven adults (one male), age 47 (33,66) years] were compared with those in 29 indigenous controls from the same extended kindred [17 children and adolescents (six male), age 10·2 (5·3,18·4) years; 12 adults (eight male), age 54·5 (33,80) years]. All GHD subjects had a peak GH response of < 0·5 ng/ml in response to an insulin tolerance test and extremely reduced IGF-1 levels (median 5·5 ng/ml). Data were compared between cohorts and with an age- and sex-matched white American reference population. results Abnormalities were confined to plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. More GHD children had levels of plasma TC and LDL-C above the 95th percentile for our reference population (3/8 and 4/7, respectively) compared to controls (0/17 and 1/15, respectively) (P < 0·05). In the adults, median TC and LDL-C levels were higher in the GHD than controls (P < 0·05) (6·3 vs. 4·1 mmol/l; 4·4 vs. 2·7 mmol/l, respectively). Median Z -scores, calculated using values from the reference population, were not different between GHD children and adults for both TC (+0·8 vs.+0·4) and LDL-C (+1·4 vs.+0·7). conclusions The lipid profile in children as well as in adults with very severe GHD is adversely modified. There would appear to be no significant worsening of the lipid abnormality with duration of GHD or achievement of adulthood. [source]

Relation of serum leptin and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels to intima-media thickness and functions of common carotid artery in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 8 2004
ME Atabek
Background and aim: Leptin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum leptin, IGF-1 and intima-media thickness (IMT) and functions of common carotid artery (CCA) in children and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes. Material and methods: Serum leptin and IGF-1 levels were measured in 45 diabetic patients (23 girls and 22 boys). Age, diabetes duration as well as major cardiovascular risk factors, including anthropometric and metabolic parameters, were matched between girls and boys. The relation of serum leptin and IGF-1 levels to CCA structure and functions were measured by ultrasonography as IMT, cross-sectional compliance (CSC), cross-sectional distensibility (CSD), diastolic wall stress (DWS) and incremental elastic modulus (IEM). Results: Serum leptin levels of diabetic girls were higher than those in the boys (21.8 ± 14.5 ,g/1 vs 8.9 ± 10.6 ,.g/1, p= 0.002). However, the difference for serum IGF-1 levels was not significant between diabetic girls and boys (240.7 ± 96.8 ,g/ml vs 234.7 ± 93.2 ng/ml; p < 0.05). In all subjects, leptin levels were correlated with CSC (p= 0.04), CSD (p= 0.04) and IEM (p= 0.01), and IGF-I levels were only correlated with CSC (p= 0.01). Leptin did not show any correlation with ultrasonographic measurements in both girls and boys separately. IGF-1 was correlated with CSC (p= 0.001), CSD (p= 0.002) and IEM (p > 0.001) in boys but not in girls. In a multivariate regression model, IGF-1 emerged as independent correlates for mean CSD and IEM in boys but not in girls. Conclusion: Serum leptin and IGF-1 levels in children and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes are associated with functions of common carotid artery, and the association of IGF-1 levels is influenced by sex. [source]

The acute effects of different whole body vibration amplitudes on the endocrine system of young healthy men: a preliminary study

CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL IMAGING, Issue 6 2006
Marco Cardinale
Summary Whole body vibration (WBV) has been suggested as an alternative form of exercise producing adaptive responses similar to that of resistance training. Very limited information is available on the effects of different vibration parameters on anabolic hormones. In this study, we compared the acute effects of different WBV amplitudes on serum testosterone (T) and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Nine healthy young recreationally active adult males (age 22 ± 2 years, height 181 ± 6.3 cm, weight 77·4 ± 9·5 kg) voluntarily participated in this randomized controlled (cross-over design) study. The subjects performed 20 sets of 1 min each of WBV exercise in the following conditions: Non-vibration condition (control), low amplitude vibration [low (30 Hz, 1·5 mm peak-to-peak amplitude)] and high amplitude vibration [high (30 Hz, 3 mm peak-to-peak amplitude)]. Blood samples were collected before, after 10 sets, at the end (20th set) and after 24 h of the exercise bout. WBV exercise did not produce significant changes in serum T and IGF-1 either with low or high amplitude when compared with the control condition. The results of this study demonstrate that a single session of WBV exposure with a frequency of 30 Hz and amplitudes of 1·5 and 3 mm does not noticeably alter serum T and IGF-1 levels. [source]