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IL-12 Levels (il-12 + level)
Selected AbstractsCandida albicans THI13 disruption affects production of monocytic cytokinesMOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 5 2007Z. Y. Zhu Introduction:, The Candida albicansTHI13 gene was identified by its homology to the Candida tropicalis CtNMT1 gene, which is involved in pyrimidine precursor biosynthesis. Methods:, Disruption of THI13 revealed that this gene played a minor role in thiamin biosynthesis in C. albicans. Purified human monocytes were incubated with C. albicans at the optimal Candida: monocyte ratio of 0.5 and cytokines in the supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results and discussion:, This experiment showed that the wild-type strain significantly induced interleukin-10 (IL-10) production but had little effect on IL-12 production, and that THI13 mutants had no significant effect on IL-10 production, though the IL-12 level was increased in the supernatants. These results suggest that THI13 is involved in the host effective immune response by regulating IL-10 and IL-12 production. [source] CpG oligodeoxynucleotides protect mice from lethal challenge with Candida albicans via a pathway involving tumor necrosis factor-,-dependent interleukin-12 inductionFEMS IMMUNOLOGY & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Jung-Hwa Choi Abstract In this study, we have attempted to determine whether the systemic administration of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) 1826 would protect mice against systemic lethal Candida albicans infection. CpG-ODNs were found completely to protect mice from death and also reduced the growth of C. albicans in the kidneys. The administration of CpG-ODNs resulted in early interleukin (IL)-12 mRNA expression in the kidneys and an increase in serum IL-12 levels. The protective activity of CpG-ODN was abolished in IL-12-deficient (IL-12,/,) mice, thereby indicating the IL-12-dependency inherent to the effects of CpG-ODN. The protective effect of CpG-ODN was not associated with the activity of NF-,B. Interestingly, in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-,-deficient (TNF,/,) mice CpG-ODN neither exerted protective effects nor induced IL-12 expression. These data indicate that CpG-ODN protects animals against lethal C. albicans challenge via a pathway that involves the TNF-,-dependent induction of IL-12. [source] Intravesical instillation therapy with bacillus Calmette-Guérin for superficial bladder cancer: Study of the mechanism of bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapyINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 2 2007Yasuyo Shintani Aim: In order to clarify the initial step of the mechanism by which bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) exhibits antitumor activity via the immune response induced in the bladder submucosa after intravesical BCG therapy for human bladder cancer, various cytokines secreted in the urine after BCG instillation were measured. Methods: After transurethral resection of bladder cancer, a 6-week course of BCG instillation was performed. At the first and sixth weeks' dosings, spontaneously excreted urine was collected before and 4, 8, and 24 h after BCG instillation. The urinary cytokines were determined by Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies against granulocyte,macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-,, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin (IL)-1,, IL-8, interferon (IFN)-,, and IL-12. Results: After the BCG therapy, various cytokines, such as GM-CSF, TNF-,, G-CSF, IL-1,, IL-8, IFN-,, and IL-12 were secreted, comprising the immune response cascade. The mean urinary excretions of GM-CSF and TNF-, 4 h after the sixth week's instillation were significantly higher than the pre-instillation levels. There were no significant increases in the urinary IFN-, or IL-12 levels between 4 and 24 h after the sixth week's instillation. The TNF-, level 4 h after the sixth week's instillation had a strong tendency towards the absence of recurrence, with a mean follow-up of 54.1 months. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed the 2, 5, and 10-year recurrence-free survival rates were 72.4%, 65.8%, and 56.4%, respectively. Conclusions: We suggested that the urinary levels of TNF-, might be essential in antitumor activity after BCG therapy and might play an important role in the prevention of bladder tumor recurrence. [source] In-vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer and Cellular Immunity: Study on Cytokines and T Lymphocyte subpopulations in IVF-ET CyclesJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2002Mitsutaka Murakami Objectives: To determine whether peripheral T lymphocyte subpopulations and cytokines change during in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles and to evaluate them with regard to pregnancy status and types of infertility. Methods: Peripheral T lymphocyte subpopulations and cytokines in 33 consecutive cycles of IVF-ET were examined. All the women were stimulated with purified FSH and hCG after pituitary suppression with GnRH agonist. Peripheral blood samples were collected before FSH administration, on the day of hCG administration, the day of ET (day 2), day 6 and day 15. We measured plasma estradiol and progesterone levels and plasma interferon-,, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10 and IL-12 levels. Peripheral T lymphocyte subpopulations, T helper type 1 and 2 cells (Th1 and Th2) and T cytotoxic type 1 and 2 cells (Tc1 and Tc2), were analyzed with three-color flowcytometry. Results: There were no changes in the plasma levels of the cytokines or in the proportions of Th1 and Th2 and the proportions of Tc1 and Tc2 in peripheral blood lymphocytes during the IVF-ET cycles. In women with endometriosis, the ratios of Tc1 to CD8+ lymphocytes and the Tc1 to Tc2 ratios before FSH administration were much higher than in women without endometriosis. The ratios of Tc1 to CD8+ lymphocytes were significantly lower in the patients with endometriosis who became pregnant. Conclusions: Peripheral cellular immunity does not change during IVF-ET cycles. In women with endometriosis, the peripheral Tc1 subpopulation is more predominant before ovarian stimulation, suggest- ing that the ratio of Tc1 before ovarian stimulation could be an indicator of fecundity for women with endometriosis. [source] ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Prenatal Priming of Cord Blood T Lymphocytes by Microbiota in the Maternal VaginaAMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 3 2009Krystyna Stencel-Gabriel Problem, In the vagina of women at the reproductive age, more than 170 strains of bacteria and yeasts are found. The effect of vaginal flora on neonatal T cells is yet to be investigated. Method of study, We analyzed CD45RA and CD45RO expression on neonatal CD4+ T cells and cytokine production in CBMC cultures (interferon-, (IFN-, ), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-12) related to vaginal bacteria isolated from a maternal vagina. We collected vaginal swabs from 36 women at the first stage of the delivery and cord blood from their newborns. IFN-,, IL-4, and IL-12 in stimulated CBMC were measured and the expression of CD45RA/CD45RO on CD4+ T cells was assessed. Results, We noted the difference in CD45RO CD4+ expression and IL-12 levels between the newborns whose mothers were or were not colonized with Lactobacillus in the vagina (newborns whose mothers were colonized with Lactobacillus: CD45RO-10%±3; IL-12-0.2 pg/mL ± 0.05; newborns whose mothers were not colonized with Lactobacillus: CD45RO-6%±3; IL-12-2.0 pg/mL ± 0.7). Conclusion, Our results may indicate that lactobacilli in maternal vagina influence the development of neonatal immune system. Yet, more research is needed using specified bacterial antigens. [source] Soluble Human Leukocyte Antigen class I antigen and interleukin-12 in hepatectomized patientsANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 6 2009Tatsuo Shimura Abstract Background:, Interleukin-12 (IL-12) has been shown to enhance the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and CTL. IL-12 also acts as a growth factor for activated NK, T and NKT cells. The soluble HLA class I (sHLA-I) has been reported to bind a killer-cell inhibitory receptor, which is expressed on the NK cell, and its signals inhibit NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Effects of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) on post-operative immune status have not yet been completely examined. Methods:, Thirty consecutive patients taking a hepatectomy were enrolled. The levels of IL-12 and sHLA-I were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:, The rate of complication after hepatectomy in the FFP-administered patients was higher than that in patients without FFP administration (P= 0.0358). Decreased IL-12 levels after surgery in patients without FFP administration recovered to the preoperative state earlier than those in patients with FFP administration (P < 0.05). The levels of sHLA-I in the FFP-administered patients were higher than those in the patients without FFP administration (P < 0.05). Conclusions:, Administration of FFP, which contains sHLA-I, affected the levels of sHLA-I after hepatectomy. Both high levels of sHLA-I and low levels of IL-12 could attenuate NK activities after hepatectomy, especially when FFP would be administered. [source] Circulating interleukin-10 and interleukin-12 in Parkinson's diseaseACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 5 2009M. Rentzos Background,,, Interleukin (IL)-12 is a heterodimeric cytokine produced by activated blood monocytes, macrophages and glial cells. It enhances differentiation and proliferation of T cells and increases production of proinflammatory cytokines. IL-10 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by both lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes including microglia. Recent studies demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of IL-10. There is little information about the involvement of IL-12 or IL-10 in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Objectives,,, The objective of our study was to assess the role of IL-12 as a potential marker of immune reactions in patients with PD and to investigate whether IL-10, an immunosuppressive cytokine, may have a neuroprotective effect in the pathogenesis of PD. Patients and methods,,, We measured using immunoassay serum IL-12 and IL-10 levels in 41 patients with PD in comparison with serum levels in 19 healthy subjects (controls) age and sex matched. IL-12 and IL-10 levels were tested for correlation with sex, age, disease duration, Hoehn and Yahr stage and the UPDRS III score. Results,,, The PD group presented with significantly increased IL-10 levels when compared with the control group (P = 0.02). The increase observed was not affected by the treatment status. A strong and significant correlation between IL-10 and IL-12 levels was observed in patients with PD (RS = 0.7, P < 0.000001). Conclusions,,, Our findings suggest that IL-10 may be involved in the pathogenetic mechanisms of PD. The elevation of IL-10 and the significant correlation between IL-10 and IL-12, a proinflammatory cytokine, may suggest that immunological disturbances and neuroprotective mechanisms are involved in patients with PD. [source] Bacillus Calmette,Guérin-induced interleukin-12 did not additionally improve clinical and immunologic parameters in asthmatic children treated with sublingual immunotherapyCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY, Issue 3 2004C. Arikan Summary Objective To evaluate the effect of bacillus Calmette,Guérin (BCG) as an adjuvant to specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) on the cytokine profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and clinical outcome. Methods Thirty-two children with asthma and rhinitis allergic to house dust mite (HDM) with negative purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test response were enrolled. After a run-in period of 8 weeks, patients were randomized to receive either SLIT only (n=16) or one dose of BCG immunization before initiation of SLIT (n=16) with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus)+D. farinea 50/50 extract. PPD-negative asthmatics (n=5) allergic to HDM receiving inhaled therapy only were included for comparison of cytokine levels in PBMC cultures. Efficacy was assessed both at the end of run-in and 6 months of treatment periods with criteria including symptom, medication and quality-of-life (QoL) scores, IgE levels, lung function, provocation concentration (PC20), eosinophil count and skin prick tests. IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and IFN-, levels were determined in antigen specifically and polyclonally stimulated PBMC cultures. Results Both treatment groups showed significant improvement at the end of 6 months for asthma and rhinitis scores and QoL, number of asthma attacks, amount of ,2 -agonists, inhaled and intranasal steroids, blood eosinophil counts and PC20. Interestingly, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated IL-12 and D. pteronyssinus- stimulated IFN-, in PBMC were significantly higher in the treatment groups than controls. In addition, IL-12 levels in response to D. pteronyssinus and PHA stimulation were significantly higher in the SLIT+BCG group than the SLIT alone group and controls. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that successful SLIT is parallel to increased IFN-, production by PBMC. Although simultaneous BCG vaccination enhanced IL-12 production, it did not additionally improve the clinical outcome. [source] | ||||||||||