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Hypothesized Associations (hypothesized + association)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	60%

Selected Abstracts

Common polymorphisms in the interleukin-22 gene are not associated with chronic plaque psoriasis

EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 9 2009
Wolfgang Weger
Abstract Background:, Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Among other cytokines, interleukin 22 (IL-22) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic plaque psoriasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate a hypothesized association between common IL-22 gene polymorphisms and chronic plaque psoriasis. Methods:, Genotypes of 10 common polymorphisms of the IL-22 gene were determined by fluorogenic 5, exonuclease assays (TaqMan) in 475 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and 252 controls. Results:, Two blocks of high linkage disequilibrium, formed by eight polymorphisms upstream of exon 5 (rs2227485, rs2227491, rs2046068, rs1179251, rs1012356, rs2227501, rs2227503, rs976748) and two polymorphisms in the 3, near gene region (rs1182844, rs1179246), were observed within the IL-22 gene. Neither single polymorphisms nor haplotypes were significantly associated with the presence or clinical features of chronic plaque psoriasis (P > 0.05). Conclusions:, Our data suggest that the investigated IL-22 gene polymorphisms are unlikely major risk factors for chronic plaque psoriasis. [source]

School Disrepair and Substance Use Among Regular and Alternative High School Students

JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, Issue 8 2010
Rachel A. Grana MPH
BACKGROUND: The physical environment influences adolescent health behavior and personal development. This article examines the relationship between level of school disrepair and substance use among students attending regular high school (RHS) and alternative high school (AHS). METHODS: Data were collected from students (N = 7058) participating in 2 randomized controlled trials of a school-based substance abuse prevention program implemented across the United States. Students provided substance use and demographic information on a self-reported survey. Data for the physical disrepair of schools were collected from individual rater observations of each school environment. We hypothesized that school disrepair would be positively associated with substance use controlling for individual characteristics and a socioeconomic status proxy. Multilevel mixed modeling was used to test the hypothesized association and accounted for students nested within schools. RESULTS: Findings indicated that students attending AHS with greater school disrepair were more likely to report the use of marijuana and other illicit drugs (ie, cocaine, heroin). Students attending RHS with greater school disrepair were less likely to report smoking cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in findings between RHS and AHS students are discussed, and implications for substance use prevention programming are offered. Students attending AHS with greater school disrepair may require more substance abuse prevention programming, particularly to prevent illicit substance use. [source]

Market mavenism and consumer self-confidence

JOURNAL OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR, Issue 3 2008
Ronald A. Clark
The purpose of this study was to test hypothesized associations between market mavenism and consumer self-confidence (CSC). A survey of 190 US consumers provided the data. The results showed significant relationships between mavenism and several dimensions of CSC, and regression analysis emphasized the relationships with two of these: information acquisition (confidence in the ability to obtain and use marketplace information) and social outcomes decision making (confidence in obtaining positive reactions from others). These findings both enrich our knowledge of the psychology of market mavenism by suggesting some motivations for these behaviors and suggest marketing strategies can be fine-tuned to appeal more effectively to this important segment of consumers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Risk and resilience factors for posttraumatic stress symptomatology in Gulf War I veterans

JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS, Issue 1 2007
Dawne S. Vogt
What factors distinguish war-exposed veterans who experience posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS) from those who do not? This study used structural equation modeling procedures to examine the complex interplay among predeployment, war-zone, and postdeployment factors as they relate to PTSS in a sample of Gulf War I veterans. A primary goal was to determine to what extent previously documented associations among Vietnam veterans would replicate in this more contemporary veteran cohort. Results supported a multivariate etiological perspective on PTSS, with war-zone factors accounting for the largest proportion of variance in PTSS. The majority of hypothesized associations held, suggesting that the mechanisms underlying PTSS may be similar across veteran cohorts. [source]

Role of inflammation-related gene polymorphisms in branch retinal vein occlusion

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009
M WEGER
Purpose Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is a common vision-threatening disease. Some cytokines have previously been shown to exert proatherogenic as well as prothrombotic effects. Gene polymorphisms affecting the expression of these cytokines are thus plausible candidates as risk factors for BRVO. The purpose of the present study was to investigate hypothesized associations between cytokine gene polymorphisms and the presence of BRVO. Methods The present case-control study comprised 398 patients with BRVO and 355 control subjects. Using 5`exonuclease assays (TaqMan), genotypes of the following single nucleotide polymorphisms were determined: interleukin 1 beta (IL1B) -511C>T, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) 1018T>C, interleukin 4 (IL4) -584C>T, interleukin 6 (IL6) -174G>C, interleukin 10 (IL10) -592C>A, interleukin 18 (IL18) 183A>G, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -308G>A, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (CCL2) -2518A>G, interleukin 8 (IL8) -251A>T and RANTES (CCL5) -403G>A. Results Neither genotype distributions nor allele frequencies of any of the investigated polymorphisms differed significantly between BRVO patients and control subjects (IL1B -511TT: 7.8% vs. 9.6%, p=0.68; IL1RN 1018CC: 12.1% vs. 13.5%, p=0.15, IL4 -584TT: 1.3% vs. 2.3%, p=0.58; IL6 -174CC: 17.8% vs.18.6%, p=0.97; IL10 -592AA: 5.3% vs. 9.0, p=0.14; IL18 183GG: 3.0 vs. 6.2%, p=0.11; TNF -308AA: 1.5% vs. 1.4%, p=0.95; CCL2 -2518GG: 6.5% vs. 4.5%, p=0.48; IL8 -251TT: 26.9% vs. 28.7%, p=0.23; CCL5 -403AA: 3.3% vs. 4.5%, p=0.63). Conclusion Our data suggest that none of the investigated cytokine gene polymorphisms is likely a major risk factor for BRVO. [source]