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Hydrogen Storage (hydrogen + storage)
Kinds of Hydrogen Storage Terms modified by Hydrogen Storage Selected AbstractsHigh-Surface-Area Nanoporous Boron Carbon Nitrides for Hydrogen StorageADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 11 2010David Portehault Abstract Nano- and mesoporous boron carbon nitrides with very high surface areas up to 1560,m2,g,1 are obtained by pyrolysis of a graphitic carbon nitride mpg-C3N4 infiltrated with a borane complex. This reactive hard-templating approach provides easy composition and texture tuning by temperature adjustment between 800 and 1400,°C. The process yields BxCyNzOvHw materials as direct copies of the initial template with controlled compositions of 0.15,,,x,,,0.36, 0.10,,,y,,,0.12, 0.14,,,z,,, 0.32, and 0.11,,,v,,,0.28. The nano and mesoporosities can also be tuned in order to provide hierarchical materials with specific surface areas ranging from 610 to 1560,m2,g,1. Such high values, coupled with resistance against air oxidation up to 700,°C, suggest potential materials for gas storage and as catalyst supports. Indeed, it is demonstrated that these compounds exhibit high and tunable H2 uptakes from 0.55 to 1.07,wt.% at 77,K and 1 bar, thus guiding further search of materials for hydrogen storage. [source] Lithium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane within Mesoporous Carbon Framework for Chemical Hydrogen StorageADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 2 2009Li Li Abstract Ammonia borane (AB) has attracted tremendous interest for on-board hydrogen storage due to its low molecular weight and high gravimetric hydrogen capacity below a moderate temperature. However, the slow kinetics, irreversibility, and formation of volatile materials (trace borazine and ammonia) limit its practical application. In this paper, a new catalytic strategy involved lithium (Li) catalysis and nanostructure confinement in mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) for the thermal decomposition of AB is developed. AB loaded on the 5% Li/CMK-3 framework releases ,7,wt % of hydrogen at a very low temperature (around 60,°C) and entirely suppresses borazine and ammonia emissions that are harmful for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The possible mechanism for enhanced hydrogen release via catalyzed thermal decomposition of AB is discussed. [source] Hydrogen Storage in Metal,Organic FrameworksADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 20 2010Yun Hang Hu Abstract Metal,organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly attractive materials because of their ultra-high surface areas, simple preparation approaches, designable structures, and potential applications. In the past several years, MOFs have attracted worldwide attention in the area of hydrogen energy, particularly for hydrogen storage. In this review, the recent progress of hydrogen storage in MOFs is presented. The relationships between hydrogen capacities and structures of MOFs are evaluated, with emphasis on the roles of surface area and pore size. The interaction mechanism between H2 and MOFs is discussed. The challenges to obtain a high hydrogen capacity at ambient temperature are explored. [source] Reversible Hydrogen Storage in Hydrogel Clathrate HydratesADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 23 2009Fabing Su The use of inexpensive hydrogels as supports to significantly improve H2 enclathration kinetics and capacities in THF,H2O clathrate hydrate with respect to bulk solutions is demonstrated. Polymer hydrogels give rise to significant rate and capacity enhancements for hydrogen clathrate formation with respect to unmixed bulk systems, suggesting potential for accelerated gas-storage kinetics in clathrate-based technologies. [source] Lithium-Doped Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Reversible Hydrogen Storage,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 19 2010An Li Dr. Eine große Kapazität für Wasserstoff zeichnet Li-dotierte konjugierte mikroporöse Polymere (CMP) aus. Die isostere Enthalpie der Wasserstoffadsorption in diesen Materialien beträgt bis zu 8.1,kJ,mol,1, und bei 77,K und einem Druck von 0.1,MPa (1,bar) wurden 6.1 Gew.-% Wasserstoff adsorbiert. [source] SiC: A Photocathode for Water Splitting and Hydrogen Storage,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 33 2009Dennis Ein p-Halbleiter bestehend aus 4H-SiC ist bei Lichteinstrahlung zur Wasserspaltung befähigt, wenn er als Photokathode mit einer Pt-Anode kurzgeschlossen wird. Der erzeugte Wasserstoff wird zu einem beträchtlichen Teil im Festkörper gespeichert. [source] Concept, Design and Manufacture of a Prototype Hydrogen Storage Tank Based on Sodium AlanateCHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 8 2009C. Na Ranong Abstract In the framework of the EC project STORHY (Hydrogen Storage for Automotive Applications), the prototype of a solid storage tank for hydrogen based on sodium alanate was developed. A storage tank containing 8,kg sodium alanate was designed and manufactured with the objective of fast refueling. To obtain the optimum design of the storage tank a simulation tool was developed and validated by experiments with a laboratory-scale tubular reactor. Application of the simulation tool to different storage concepts and geometries yielded the final design. The chosen concept is modular, enabling simple scale-up. This is the basis for the future development of fuel cell vehicle storage tanks containing 5,kg of hydrogen. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Reversible Hydrogen Storage in Ti,Zr-Codoped NaAlH4 under Realistic Operation Conditions.CHEMINFORM, Issue 26 2010Thomas Schmidt Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Reversible Hydrogen Storage in Titanium-Catalyzed LiAlH4,LiBH4 System.CHEMINFORM, Issue 7 2010J. F. Mao Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: A New Material for Hydrogen Storage; ScAl0.8Mg0.2.CHEMINFORM, Issue 6 2010Martin Sahlberg Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Aluminum Hydride: A Reversible Material for Hydrogen Storage.CHEMINFORM, Issue 38 2009Ragaiy Zidan Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Calcium Imide [Li2Ca(NH)2] for Hydrogen Storage: Structural and Thermodynamic PropertiesCHEMINFORM, Issue 47 2008S. Bhattacharya Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Iron-Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane for Chemical Hydrogen Storage.CHEMINFORM, Issue 23 2008Jun-Min Yan Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] Using First Principles Calculations to Identify New Destabilized Metal Hydride Reactions for Reversible Hydrogen Storage.CHEMINFORM, Issue 25 2007Sudhakar V. Alapati Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] A New Li,Al,N,H System for Reversible Hydrogen Storage.CHEMINFORM, Issue 43 2006Jun Lu Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] Facilitated Hydrogen Storage in NaAlH4 Supported on Carbon Nanofibers.CHEMINFORM, Issue 33 2006Cornelis P. Balde Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] A First-Principles Study of the Electronic Structure and Stability of a Lithium Aluminum Hydride for Hydrogen Storage.CHEMINFORM, Issue 30 2006Y. Song Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] First-Principles Study of Ti-Catalyzed Hydrogen Chemisorption on an Al Surface: A Critical First Step for Reversible Hydrogen Storage in NaAlH4.CHEMINFORM, Issue 26 2005Santanu Chaudhuri No abstract is available for this article. [source] Cycling and Thermal Stability of Nanostructured MgH2,Cr2O3 Composite for Hydrogen Storage.CHEMINFORM, Issue 7 2003Z. Dehouche Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Hydrogen Storage Mediated by Pd and Pt NanoparticlesCHEMPHYSCHEM, Issue 15 2009Miho Yamauchi Dr. Abstract The hydrogen storage properties of metal nanoparticles change with particle size. For example, in a palladium,hydrogen system, the hydrogen solubility and equilibrium pressure for the formation of palladium hydride decrease with a decrease in the particle size, whereas hydrogen solubility in nanoparticles of platinum, in which hydrogen cannot be stored in the bulk state, increases. Systematic studies of hydrogen storage in Pd and Pt nanoparticles have clarified the origins of these nanosize effects. We found a novel hydrogen absorption site in the hetero-interface that forms between the Pd core and Pt shell of the Pd/Pt core/shell-type bimetallic nanoparticles. It is proposed that the potential formed in the hetero-interface stabilizes hydrogen atoms rather than interstitials in the Pd core and Pt shells. These results suggest that metal nanoparticles a few nanometers in size can act as a new type of hydrogen storage medium. Based on knowledge of the nanosize effects, we discuss how hydrogen storage media can be designed for improvement of the conditions of hydrogen storage. [source] Improved Hydrogen Storage of TiF3 -Doped NaAlH4CHEMPHYSCHEM, Issue 12 2005Ping Wang Dr. Hydrogen energy systems: For reversible hydrogen storage TiF3 is superior to TiCl3 as a dopant precursor for preparing catalytically enhanced Ti,NaAlH4 systems (see diagram). In addition to the increased hydrogen capacity, the TiF3 -doped NaAlH4 exhibits a more pronounced kinetic enhancement than the TiCl3 -doped hydride at varied operational conditions. [source] Breakthroughs in Hydrogen Storage,Formic Acid as a Sustainable Storage Material for HydrogenCHEMSUSCHEM CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABILITY, ENERGY & MATERIALS, Issue 10 2008Ferenc Joó Prof. A boost for fuel cells: Recent results suggest that formic acid is a convenient hydrogen-storage material: its decomposition yields CO-free hydrogen while the co-produced carbon dioxide can be hydrogenated back to formic acid. The hydrogen generated in this way is suitable for fuel cell applications. [source] Studies on a New Material for Hydrogen Storage and Supply by Modified Fe and Fe2O3 PowderCHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, Issue 7 2007Hui Wang Abstract Modified iron oxide, a new material for hydrogen storage and supply to polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), was prepared by impregnating Fe or Fe2O3 powder with an aqueous solution containing metal cation additives (Al, Cr, Ni, Co, Zr and Mo). Hydrogen storage properties of the samples were investigated. The results show that both Fe and Fe2O3 powder with additive Mo presented excellent catalytic activity and cyclic stability, and their hydrogen producing temperature could be surprisingly decreased. The temperature of forming hydrogen for the Fe2O3 -Mo at the rate of 250 µmol·min,1·Fe-g,1 could be dramatically decreased from 527 °C before addition of Mo to 283 °C after addition of Mo in the fourth cycle. The cause for it was probably related to preventing the sinter of the sample particles. In addition, hydrogen storage capacity of the Fe2O3 -Mo can reach w=4.5% (72 kg H2/m3), close to International Energy Agency (IEA) criterion. These show the value of practical application of the Fe2O3 -Mo as the promising hydrogen storage material. [source] Computational Investigation of Hydrogen Adsorption by Alkali-Metal-Doped Organic Molecules: Role of AromaticityCHEMPHYSCHEM, Issue 2 2009Kancharlapally Srinivasu Abstract Hydrogen storage: Simple organic molecular systems (CnHn, n=4, 5, 6, 8) are proposed for hydrogen storage purposes based on the concept of aromaticity. The adsorption of hydrogen is attributed to pronounced charge transfer from the sodium atom (green, see picture) to the organic systems and the electrostatic interaction between the ion and hydrogen molecules. Theoretical studies on hydrogen adsorption in small organic molecular systems, such as cyclobutadiene (C4H4), the cyclopentadienyl radical (C5H5), benzene (C6H6), and cyclooctatetraene (C8H8) and their metal-doped modifications, are carried out. Our results reveal that the simple van der Waals surfaces of pure organic molecules are not good enough for hydrogen adsorption due to the weak interaction between hydrogen molecules and the organic molecular surface. However, doping of alkali-metal atoms in the above organic molecular systems increases their hydrogen adsorption ability significantly, mainly due to electron transfer from the metal atom to the carbon surface. This charged surface created around the metal atom is found to enhance the hydrogen adsorption capacity of the complex considerably, both in terms of interaction energy and the number of adsorbed hydrogen molecules, with a hydrogen adsorption capacity ranging from 10 to 12 wt,%. The role of aromaticity in such molecular systems is important in stabilizing these ionized organo-alkali-metal complexes. [source] Influence of Surface Chemistry on Dehydrogenation in Carbon Cryogel Ammonia Borane NanocompositesEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2009Saghar Sepehri Abstract This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of boron- and nitrogen-modified carbon cryogel (CC) ammonia borane (AB) nanocomposites (BNCC-AB) for hydrogen storage. Resorcinol,formaldehyde (RF) derived CCs were modified by homogeneous dispersion of AB in RF hydrogel prior to pyrolysis. Nanocomposites were fabricated by immersing CC in the AB solution. Nitrogen sorption analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry at multiple heating rates were used to study the structure and dehydrogenation properties of the nanocomposites. The results demonstrated lower dehydrogenation temperatures and reduced activation energies for AB when confined inside pores of B- and N-modified CCs relative to AB when confined in the unmodified CC with the same pore size.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Bulk Nanostructured Functional Materials By Severe Plastic Deformation,ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 8 2010Michael Zehetbauer Since severe plastic deformation (SPD) has demonstrated its capability of producing bulk nanomaterials with highly advanced mechanical properties, research is increasingly focusing on the question as to whether functional nanomaterials can be achieved by SPD and in bulk shape, too. This paper presents promising results of reaching functional properties in SPD-processed bulk nanocrystalline magnetic alloys, bulk shape memory nanoalloys, as well as nanometals and alloys for hydrogen storage, and also reports on problems with other functional properties, like those of thermoelectricity, occurring in non-metallic nanomaterials. [source] Nanoscale Grain Refinement and H-Sorption Properties of MgH2 Processed by High-Pressure Torsion and Other Mechanical Routes,ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 8 2010Daniel Rodrigo Leiva MgH2 is a promising material for solid-state hydrogen storage due to its high gravimetric and volumetric storage capacity and its relatively low cost. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing techniques are being explored as an alternative to high-energy ball-milling (HEBM) in order to obtain more air resistant materials and reduce processing times. In this work, Mg, MgH2, and MgH2,Fe mixtures were severely mechanically processed by different techniques such as high-pressure torsion (HPT), extensive cold forging, and cold rolling. A very significant grain refinement was achieved when using MgH2 instead of Mg as raw material. The mean crystallite sizes observed ranged from 10 to 30,nm, depending on the processing conditions. Enhanced H-sorption properties were observed for the MgH2 -based nanocomposites processed by HPT when compared with MgH2 mixtures. Additionally, cold forging and cold rolling also proved effective in nanostructuring MgH2. These results suggest a high potential for innovative application with the use of low cost mechanical processing routes to produce Mg-based nanomaterials with attractive hydrogen storage properties. [source] Short-term scheduling of a wind generation and hydrogen storage in the electricity marketEUROPEAN TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL POWER, Issue 5 2010G. Tina Abstract Intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) are promising to be the future of electricity generation. In particular wind generation, owing to its stochastic behaviour, has to be carefully managed. Its lack of sufficient predictability decreases the energy value in the current framework of electrical markets, therefore, beyond a certain threshold; this kind of generation into the electrical system represents a problem for the transmission system operator (TSO) during its despatching service. The coupling of wind energy conversion system (WECS) with a storage medium (i.e. hydrogen) could improve the programmability of such generation plants in electrical markets. In this paper, an economical optimization tool has been developed in order to find the short-term scheduling so as to maximize the economic revenues in the day-ahead electricity market of a storage plant coupled with a wind farm. This tool needs as input the forecasts of both wind generation power and market prices, obtained with the adoption of pre-processing input data algorithm based on different methods that involve both statistical and probabilistic approaches. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] High-Surface-Area Nanoporous Boron Carbon Nitrides for Hydrogen StorageADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 11 2010David Portehault Abstract Nano- and mesoporous boron carbon nitrides with very high surface areas up to 1560,m2,g,1 are obtained by pyrolysis of a graphitic carbon nitride mpg-C3N4 infiltrated with a borane complex. This reactive hard-templating approach provides easy composition and texture tuning by temperature adjustment between 800 and 1400,°C. The process yields BxCyNzOvHw materials as direct copies of the initial template with controlled compositions of 0.15,,,x,,,0.36, 0.10,,,y,,,0.12, 0.14,,,z,,, 0.32, and 0.11,,,v,,,0.28. The nano and mesoporosities can also be tuned in order to provide hierarchical materials with specific surface areas ranging from 610 to 1560,m2,g,1. Such high values, coupled with resistance against air oxidation up to 700,°C, suggest potential materials for gas storage and as catalyst supports. Indeed, it is demonstrated that these compounds exhibit high and tunable H2 uptakes from 0.55 to 1.07,wt.% at 77,K and 1 bar, thus guiding further search of materials for hydrogen storage. [source] Sodium Borohydride Hydrolysis as Hydrogen Generator: Issues, State of the Art and Applicability Upstream from a Fuel CellFUEL CELLS, Issue 3 2010U. B. Demirci Abstract Today there is a consensus regarding the potential of NaBH4 as a good candidate for hydrogen storage and release via hydrolysis reaction, especially for mobile, portable and niche applications. However as gone through in the present paper two main issues, which are the most investigated throughout the open literature, still avoid NaBH4 to be competitive. The first one is water handling. The second one is the catalytic material used to accelerate the hydrolysis reaction. Both issues are objects of great attentions as it can be noticed throughout the open literature. This review presents and discusses the various strategies which were considered until now by many studies to manage water and to improve catalysts performances (reactivity and durability). Published studies show real improvements and much more efforts might lead to significant overhangs. Nevertheless, the results show that we are still far from envisaging short-term commercialisation. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||