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Hydrogen Reduction (hydrogen + reduction)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Polymers and Materials Science57%
Chemistry42%

Selected Abstracts

Nanowires: Fabrication of Sub-10,nm Metallic Lines of Low Line-Width Roughness by Hydrogen Reduction of Patterned Metal,Organic Materials (Adv. Funct.

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 14 2010
Mater.
This computer rendered graphic displays direct writing of sub-10 nm metallic wires of low line-width roughness using an electron beam (shown as a sinusoidal wave), as presented by M. S. M. Saifullah, D. J. Kang, U. Steiner, et al. on page 2317. Sub-10 nm metallic wires of good integrity and low line-width roughness were obtained by reducing electron-beam patterned metal naphthenate lines in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere at 500°C for 1 h. [source]

Fabrication of Sub-10,nm Metallic Lines of Low Line-Width Roughness by Hydrogen Reduction of Patterned Metal,Organic Materials,

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 14 2010
Mihaela Nedelcu
Abstract The fabrication of very narrow metal lines by the lift-off technique, especially below sub-10,nm, is challenging due to thinner resist requirements in order to achieve the lithographic resolution. At such small length scales, when the grain size becomes comparable with the line-width, the built-in stress in the metal film can cause a break to occur at a grain boundary. Moreover, the line-width roughness (LWR) from the patterned resist can result in deposited metal lines with a very high LWR, leading to an adverse change in device characteristics. Here a new approach that is not based on the lift-off technique but rather on low temperature hydrogen reduction of electron-beam patterned metal naphthenates is demonstrated. This not only enables the fabrication of sub-10,nm metal lines of good integrity, but also of low LWR, below the limit of 3.2,nm discussed in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors. Using this method, sub-10,nm nickel wires are obtained by reducing patterned nickel naphthenate lines in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere at 500,°C for 1,h. The LWR (i.e., 3 ,LWR) of these nickel nanolines was found to be 2.9,nm. The technique is general and is likely to be suitable for fabrication of nanostructures of most commonly used metals (and their alloys), such as iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, and so on, from their respective metal,organic compounds. [source]

A Homogeneous Catalyst for Reduction of Optically Active Esters to the Corresponding Chiral Alcohols without Loss of Optical Purities

ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 1 2010
Wataru Kuriyama
Abstract A ruthenium complex was found to catalyze the hydrogen reduction of esters under mild and neutral conditions. A variety of optically active esters can be reduced to the corresponding alcohols in excellent yield without loss of their optical purity or causing undesirable side reactions. Hydrogen reduction needs such simple operations , reaction, concentration, and purification , that the violent quench step and extraction step, which accompany conventional sodium borohydride or lithium aluminum hydride reduction, can be omitted. [source]

Fabrication of Sub-10,nm Metallic Lines of Low Line-Width Roughness by Hydrogen Reduction of Patterned Metal,Organic Materials,

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 14 2010
Mihaela Nedelcu
Abstract The fabrication of very narrow metal lines by the lift-off technique, especially below sub-10,nm, is challenging due to thinner resist requirements in order to achieve the lithographic resolution. At such small length scales, when the grain size becomes comparable with the line-width, the built-in stress in the metal film can cause a break to occur at a grain boundary. Moreover, the line-width roughness (LWR) from the patterned resist can result in deposited metal lines with a very high LWR, leading to an adverse change in device characteristics. Here a new approach that is not based on the lift-off technique but rather on low temperature hydrogen reduction of electron-beam patterned metal naphthenates is demonstrated. This not only enables the fabrication of sub-10,nm metal lines of good integrity, but also of low LWR, below the limit of 3.2,nm discussed in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors. Using this method, sub-10,nm nickel wires are obtained by reducing patterned nickel naphthenate lines in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere at 500,°C for 1,h. The LWR (i.e., 3 ,LWR) of these nickel nanolines was found to be 2.9,nm. The technique is general and is likely to be suitable for fabrication of nanostructures of most commonly used metals (and their alloys), such as iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, and so on, from their respective metal,organic compounds. [source]

Graphene Monolayers: Chemical Vapor Deposition Repair of Graphene Oxide: A Route to Highly-Conductive Graphene Monolayers (Adv. Mater.

ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 46 2009
46/2009)
Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising precursor for the mass production of graphene. As an important step in this direction, the electrical conductivity of GO has been enhanced by six orders of magnitude, thus closely approaching that of exfoliated graphene. The novel two-step process reported by Cristina Gómez-Navarro and co-workers on p. 4683 involves hydrogen reduction and healing by a gaseous carbon feedstock. The inside cover shows a snapshot of the crucial second step. The oxidized regions in GO are represented in red, and the blue patches correspond to vacancies. [source]

A Homogeneous Catalyst for Reduction of Optically Active Esters to the Corresponding Chiral Alcohols without Loss of Optical Purities

ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 1 2010
Wataru Kuriyama
Abstract A ruthenium complex was found to catalyze the hydrogen reduction of esters under mild and neutral conditions. A variety of optically active esters can be reduced to the corresponding alcohols in excellent yield without loss of their optical purity or causing undesirable side reactions. Hydrogen reduction needs such simple operations , reaction, concentration, and purification , that the violent quench step and extraction step, which accompany conventional sodium borohydride or lithium aluminum hydride reduction, can be omitted. [source]

One-pot dual size- and shape selective synthesis of tetrahedral Pt nanoparticles

APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 11 2006
S. Kinge
Abstract One-pot dual size- and shape-selective synthesis of tetrahedral Pt nanoparticles is achieved using the pre-prepared Pt nanoparticles as the ,external seeds', and controlling the slow diffusional growth under hydrogen reduction in the presence of PVP as the capping agent. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]