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Human Interaction (human + interaction)
Selected AbstractsChild-Rearing: On government intervention and the discourse of expertsEDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY AND THEORY, Issue 6 2008Paul Smeyers Abstract For Kant, education was understood as the ,means' to become human,and that is to say, rational. For Rousseau by contrast, and the many child-centred educators that followed him, the adult world, far from representing reason, is essentially corrupt and given over to the superficialities of worldly vanity. On this view, the child, as a product of nature, is essentially good and will learn all she needs to know from experience. Both positions have their own problems, but beyond this ,internal debate', the change in the content of education (i.e. child-rearing and schooling) is now furthermore due to a radical pluralism that has swept the world. Moreover, there may be differences in value between individual parents and between values held within the family and those held in society at large. Among other reasons this has put more generally children's (and parents') ,rights' on the agenda, which differs from thinking of education in terms of a ,practice'. The paper develops this latter concept and the criticisms to which it has been subject and argues that there is no necessary incompatibility between initiation into an existing practice and transforming that practice in some way, if it is emphasized how practices are learned and enacted. It then turns to the tendency in education and child-rearing, as in other spheres of human interaction, for more laws and codes of conduct and to call upon experts for all kind of matters. It argues that performativity rules on the level of the practitioner, of the experts, and even on the level of educational research. It argues that many governments have adopted in matters of schooling the language of output and school effectiveness and that something similar is now bound to happen in the sphere of child-rearing (with talk of parenting skills and courses). This is made credible due to a particular model of educational research, i.e. an empiricist quasi-causal model of explaining human behaviour. The paper then discusses the problems with this stance and argues that we should part company from the entrepreneurial manipulative educator to open up a sphere of responsiveness for the child and that for these reasons, the concept of the ,practice of child-rearing' should be revisited. Insisting on the complexities that have to be taken into account and thus surpassing a discourse of effectiveness and output as well as of codes of conduct and rulings of courts of law, may help us to focus on what is really at stake: to lead a meaningful life, to be initiated into what is ,real for us' and what we value. It concludes that thus restoring a place for child-rearing as a practice will do justice to the responsiveness to which each child is entitled. [source] Free space quantum key distribution: Towards a real life applicationFORTSCHRITTE DER PHYSIK/PROGRESS OF PHYSICS, Issue 8-10 2006H. Weier Abstract Quantum key distribution (QKD) [1] is the first method of quantum information science that will find its way into our everyday life. It employs fundamental laws of quantum physics to ensure provably secure symmetric key generation between two parties. The key can then be used to encrypt and decrypt sensitive data with unconditional security. Here, we report on a free space QKD implementation using strongly attenuated laser pulses over a distance of 480 m. It is designed to work continuously without human interaction. Until now, it produces quantum keys unattended at night for more than 12 hours with a sifted key rate of more than 50 kbit/s and a quantum bit error rate between 3% and 5%. [source] Using discrete event simulation to model excavator operator performanceHUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS IN MANUFACTURING & SERVICE INDUSTRIES, Issue 5 2010Khaliah Hughes Abstract The traditional design process of fluid power systems such as hydraulic excavators has placed much emphasis on technical performance rather than human components. This research aims to develop human-performance models to assess operator performance and human interaction during excavation processes. Task analysis, time studies, and statistical distributions were developed into task-network models and imbedded into four Micro Saint simulation models with regard to various expertise and control types. An empirical study was conducted using the simulation models. Results indicated that both expertise and control type had a significant impact on operator performance, resulting in both time and consistency differences at various points during excavation processes. Models also revealed implications of operator fatigue leading to stress for the operator. Recommendations suggest that designers consider the placement of controls and measures to reduce operator workload for better performance in future systems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] The ethics of research using electronic mail discussion groupsJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 5 2005Debbie Kralik PhD RN Aim., The aim of this paper is to identify and discuss the ethical considerations that have confronted and challenged the research team when researchers facilitate conversations using private electronic mail discussion lists. Background., The use of electronic mail group conversations, as a collaborative data generation method, remains underdeveloped in nursing. Ethical challenges associated with this approach to data generation have only begun to be considered. As receipt of ethics approval for a study titled; ,Describing transition with people who live with chronic illness' we have been challenged by many ethical dilemmas, hence we believe it is timely to share the issues that have confronted the research team. These discussions are essential so we can understand the possibilities for research interaction, communication, and collaboration made possible by advanced information technologies. Discussion., Our experiences in this study have increased our awareness for ongoing ethical discussions about privacy, confidentiality, consent, accountability and openness underpinning research with human participants when generating data using an electronic mail discussion group. We describe how we work at upholding these ethical principles focusing on informed consent, participant confidentiality and privacy, the participants as threats to themselves and one another, public,private confusion, employees with access, hackers and threats from the researchers. Conclusion., A variety of complex issues arise during cyberspace research that can make the application of traditional ethical standards troublesome. Communication in cyberspace alters the temporal, spatial and sensory components of human interaction, thereby challenging traditional ethical definitions and calling to question some basic assumptions about identity and ones right to keep aspects of it confidential. Nurse researchers are bound by human research ethics protocols; however, the nature of research by electronic mail generates moral issues as well as ethical concerns. Vigilance by researchers is required to ensure that data are viewed within the scope of the enabling ethics approval. [source] Four themes in youth work practiceJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 1 2005Mark Krueger With the purpose of contributing to the research and discussion about youth work as a contextual, interpersonal process of human interaction, it is suggested that youth work is like a modern dance that works best when youth workers are present, in sync with youth development rhythms for trusting and growing and making meaning in an atmosphere that supports their interactions. The article includes a brief definition of youth work, a method of reflective practice, and descriptions of the four themes,presence, rhythmic interaction, meaning making, and atmosphere. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 33: 21,29, 2005. [source] Nurses' everyday activities in hospital careJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2009CARINA FURÅKER BSn Aim, This study aims at examining nurses' work in somatic and psychiatric wards in a hospital in Sweden. Background, It is asked whether the humanistic ideology, emphasizing holistic care and human interaction more than practical skills, which has become widespread in the Swedish nursing education programmes, fits with the actual work that nurses carry out. Method, In this study, diaries on work activities were written during 5 days by 30 nurses. Results, It turned out that the nurses generally spend 38% of their working time with patients (nursing) and the remaining time on other activities. Discussion, There are certain differences between clinics and they can to some extent be explained by differences in work organization. Conclusion, The results in this piece of research indicate that a relatively small proportion of nurses' working time is used for general and specific nursing. It should be asked whether or to what extent the humanistic and holistic perspective taught in nursing education will be utilized in practical nursing. [source] Language Is a Complex Adaptive System: Position PaperLANGUAGE LEARNING, Issue 2009The "Five Graces Group" Language has a fundamentally social function. Processes of human interaction along with domain-general cognitive processes shape the structure and knowledge of language. Recent research in the cognitive sciences has demonstrated that patterns of use strongly affect how language is acquired, is used, and changes. These processes are not independent of one another but are facets of the same,complex adaptive system,(CAS). Language as a CAS involves the following key features: The system consists of multiple agents (the speakers in the speech community) interacting with one another. The system is adaptive; that is, speakers' behavior is based on their past interactions, and current and past interactions together feed forward into future behavior. A speaker's behavior is the consequence of competing factors ranging from perceptual constraints to social motivations. The structures of language emerge from interrelated patterns of experience, social interaction, and cognitive mechanisms. The CAS approach reveals commonalities in many areas of language research, including first and second language acquisition, historical linguistics, psycholinguistics, language evolution, and computational modeling. [source] Social Network Analysis of the Genetic Structure of Pacific IslandersANNALS OF HUMAN GENETICS, Issue 3 2010John Edward Terrell Summary Social network analysis (SNA) is a body of theory and a set of relatively new computer-aided techniques used in the analysis and study of relational data. Recent studies of autosomal markers from over 40 human populations in the south-western Pacific have further documented the remarkable degree of genetic diversity in this part of the world. I report additional analysis using SNA methods contributing new controlled observations on the structuring of genetic diversity among these islanders. These SNA mappings are then compared with model-based network expectations derived from the geographic distances among the same populations. Previous studies found that genetic divergence among island Melanesian populations is organised by island, island size/topography, and position (coastal vs. inland), and that similarities observed correlate only weakly with an isolation-by-distance model. Using SNA methods, however, improves the resolution of among population comparison, and suggests that isolation by distance constrained by social networks together with position (coastal/inland) accounts for much of the population structuring observed. The multilocus data now available is also in accord with current thinking on the impact of major biogeographical transformations on prehistoric colonisation and post-settlement human interaction in Oceania. [source] Cooperation: The political psychology of effective human interaction.APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2009No abstract is available for this article. [source] CHARACTERIZING THE SEDIMENTARY HISTORY OF CAVE DEPOSITS, USING ARCHAEOMAGNETISM AND ROCK MAGNETISM, ATAPUERCA (NORTHERN SPAIN)ARCHAEOMETRY, Issue 5 2010J. M. PARÉS We use a combination of rock magnetism (anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, AMS) and magnetic polarity to characterize cave deposits and as a proxy for sedimentary fabric. In three localities at the Atapuerca archaeological site (Galeria, Gran Dolina and Sala de los Cíclopes), magnetic foliation (Kmax/Kint) is always greater than lineation (Kint/Kmin), consistent with a primary, depositional, sedimentary fabric. Our results, although preliminary, reveal a higher degree of anisotropy in autochtonous deposits compared to allochthonous deposits, possibly indicative of a higher hydrodynamic regime in the former. At two localities the magnetic lineation (Kmax) defines a cluster, which is thought to be antipodal to the palaeocurrent direction. Hence we are able to retrieve palaeoflow directions in deposits that otherwise lack any other sedimentary structure. We conclude that AMS is a powerful tool for determining the hydrodynamic character of depositional environments in cave sediments at the Atapuerca archaeological site. A better understanding of the depositional environment and how sedimentation occurred allows reconstruction of the karst evolution and ultimately a better definition of human interaction with the environment. [source] Social Implications of Hyperfunctional Facial LinesDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 5 2003J. Charles Finn MD The face is the focus of human interactions, and facial appearance profoundly affects self-esteem. Facial appearance is not only a compilation of the dimensions of the primary morphologic features but is also a direct result of the emotional expressions exhibited on the face. Facial expressions are central in the communication of emotions, as well as in signaling characteristics such as age. The repeated expression of emotions produces hyperfunctional facial lines, and the presence of these lines when the face is at repose may give an erroneous impression of emotions or personality characteristics. These lines are also perceived as a sign of aging. Treatment of hyperfunctional facial lines is beneficial for patients who believe that their faces are not communicating their emotions properly, who want to delay the outward appearance of aging, or who simply want to look their best. [source] Introduction: Researching Democracy and Social Change with Violence in the ForegroundIDS BULLETIN, Issue 3 2009Jenny Pearce There are many studies of violence within specific fields of the social sciences, but the next stage in our evolving understanding of violence may lie with interdisciplinary approaches. By traversing traditional academic categories, violence as a variable may become more visible in its multiple modes. It is through our ability to see the linkages between interpersonal, cultural, collective, political, state, interstate and structural violences that we can gain a better understanding of its persistence in human interactions. Researchers for this IDS Bulletin set out not only to understand contemporary dynamics of violence, but also to work with people trapped in violent places, spaces and histories who were willing to talk about and act upon their situation. Researching violence in an interactive way with those living in the thick of it posed many ethical, safety, epistemological and methodological challenges. These are documented in this IDS Bulletin alongside findings on the dimensions and impact of violence in different contexts. [source] Prudent evidence-fettered shared decision makingJOURNAL OF EVALUATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 2 2010Elizabeth (Libby) Bogdan-Lovis MA Abstract In its brief tenure evidence-based medicine (EBM) has proven to be a powerful magnet for criticism, while at the same time it has demonstrated impressive resilience. Located within the ongoing critical discourse surrounding the strengths and weaknesses of an EBM approach is the persistent question of the proper place of the social sciences relative to other disciplinary perspectives. This article considers one way the social sciences might usefully illuminate EBM-mediated human interactions to influence policy. We focus on the ethical nexus of the human impulse for unlimited consumption of health care resources in those situations where there exist competing clinical management options and suggest strategies for resource-preserving shared decision making. We conclude that a frugal default option is a fruitful avenue for future exploration in such situations. [source] Stereotypes and Moral Oversight in Conflict Resolution: What Are We Teaching?JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION, Issue 4 2002J. Harvey I examine some common trends in ,conflict management skills', particularly those focused on practical results, and argue that they involve some moral problems, like the reliance on offensive stereotypes, the censorship of moral language, the promotion of distorted relationships, and sometimes the suppression of basic rights and obligations that constitute non,consequentialist moral constraints on human interactions (including dispute resolution). Since these approaches now appear in educational institutions, they are sending dangerous messages to those least able to critically assess them, messages that denigrate the language, reflection, and interactions on which the moral life depends, thus undermining the possibility of moral education in the most fundamental sense of the phrase. [source] Genetic diversity and population size: island populations of the common shrew, Sorex araneusMOLECULAR ECOLOGY, Issue 10 2007THOMAS A. WHITE Abstract Populations of many species are currently being fragmented and reduced by human interactions. These processes will tend to reduce genetic diversity within populations and reduce individual heterozygosities because of genetic drift, inbreeding and reduced migration. Conservation biologists need to know the effect of population size on genetic diversity, as this is likely to influence a population's ability to persist. Island populations represent an ideal natural experiment with which to study this problem. In a study of common shrews (Sorex araneus) on offshore Scottish islands, 497 individuals from 13 islands of different sizes and 6 regions on the mainland were trapped and genotyped at eight microsatellite loci. Previous genetic work had revealed that most of the islands in this study were highly genetically divergent from one another and the mainland. We found that most of the islands exhibited lower genetic diversity than the mainland populations. In the island populations, mean expected heterozygosity, mean observed heterozygosity and mean allelic richness were significantly positively correlated with log island size and log population size, which were estimated using habitat population density data and application of a Geographic Information System. [source] Sharing space: can ethnoprimatology contribute to the survival of nonhuman primates in human-dominated globalized landscapes?AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 10 2010P.C. Lee Abstract The emerging discipline of ethnoprimatology has at its core the construct that humans and nonhuman primates share a planet, an evolutionary history and a "primate perspective" on the world; more simply stated ethnoprimatolgy suggests that humans have perspectives on nonhuman primates which can contribute positively to the primates' enduring survival in our increasingly human-dominated landscapes. Here, I explore whether humans can or do contribute positively to the conservation of nonhuman primates, or whether humanity's impact on, as well as our perceptions of, primates are generally negative. I examine primate,human interactions at the intersection of agriculture with natural habitats as exemplified in several long-term studies, and explore the conservation consequences of these interactions. These interactions are then placed into an ecological-economic perspective assessing the prospects for the survival of primates in a context where humans share their subsistence space and resources with primates. Am. J. Primatol. 72:925,931, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Ethical issues faced by field primatologists: asking the relevant questionsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 9 2010Linda Marie Fedigan Abstract Field primatologists face unusual ethical issues. We study animals rather than people and receive research approval from animal care rather than ethics committees. However, animal care evaluation forms are developed from concerns about laboratory animal research and are based on the "Three R's" for humane treatment of captive experimental subjects (replacement, reduction and refinement), which are only debatably relevant to field research. Scientists who study wild, free-ranging primates in host countries experience many ethical dilemmas seldom dealt with in animal care forms. This paper reviews the ethical issues many field primatologists say they face and how these might be better addressed by animal care forms. The ethical issues arising for field researchers are divided into three categories: "Presence, Protocols and People" and for each the most frequent issues are described. The most commonly mentioned ethical concern arising from our presence in the field is the possibility of disease transmission. Although most primate field studies employ only observational protocols, the practice of habituating our study animals to close human presence is an ethical concern for many since it can lessen the animals' fear of all humans, thereby facilitating undesirable behaviors (e.g., crop-raiding) and rendering them vulnerable to harm. Field primatologists who work in host countries must observe national laws and local traditions. As conservationists, primatologists must often negotiate between the resource needs and cultural practices of local people and the interests of the nonhuman primates. Many say they face more ethical dilemmas arising from human interactions than from research on the animals per se. This review concludes with suggestions for relevant questions to ask on animal care forms, and actions that field primatologists can take to better inform animal care committees about the common ethical issues we experience as well as how to develop guidelines for addressing them. Am. J. Primatol. 72:754,771, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Macaque,human interactions and the societal perceptions of macaques in SingaporeAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 10 2009John Chih Mun Sha Abstract Humans and long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) interface in several locations in Singapore. We investigated six of these interface zones to assess the level of conflict between the two species. We observed macaque-to-human interactions and distributed questionnaires to residents and visitors of nature reserves. We observed an average of two macaque-to-human interactions per hour at the sites, which included affiliative or submissive behaviors (46.9%), aggression (19.1%), taking food and other items (18.5%) searching bins, cars, and houses (13.4%), and nonaggressive contact (2.1%). Two-thirds of interactions occurred when a human was carrying food or food cues, and one-quarter occurred when a human provoked macaques. Only 8% of interactions occurred without a clear human-triggered context. Our interview showed one-third of respondents experienced nuisance problems from macaques. They had items taken from them (50.5%) and received threats (31.9%). Residents reported more nuisance problems than visitors, and their perceptions toward macaques differed. Residents were more aware of the consequences of food provisioning and that there were regulations against feeding. Residents fed macaques less and held more negative sentiments toward macaques. Nearly half of the interviewed people held neutral attitudes toward macaques and only 26.2% of respondents thought conflict with macaques warranted urgent action. Nearly two-thirds of the respondents supported education programs to ameliorate human,macaque conflict, and less than 15% supported removing or eradicating macaques. 87.6% felt that it is importance to conserve and protect macaques. Our results show that human,macaque conflict exists in Singapore, but that it may not be severe. Human behavior is largely responsible for macaque-to-human interactions, and thus could be lessened with management of human behavior in interface zones (i.e. restrict food carrying and provocation). Moreover, our interviews shows people living in Singapore value macaques, do not wish them entirely removed, prefer education-based solutions, and consider conservation and protection of them important. Am. J. Primatol. 71:825,839, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Factors for the presence of avian scavengers in Accra and Kumasi, GhanaAREA, Issue 3 2009Michael Campbell Avian scavengers are common and active in the social life of southern Ghana, yet few studies consider both the ecological factors for avian presence and the avian,human interactions from human gender and age perspectives, and compare avian behaviour in both human-dominated and natural landscapes. This paper examines interactions between people, hooded vultures and pied crows in Accra and Kumasi, Ghana using both ecological and social research methods. Land use was classified for species presence into meat and waste production, vegetable marketing, non-food production, residential and central business areas, green spaces and rural areas. One hundred and eighty-four people were interviewed, classified according to age and gender. Hooded vultures and pied crows were more common in urban than rural areas, and their presence was positively correlated with human numbers. Birds were most common in meat and waste production areas, but also foraged for street discards in non-food production and residential areas, and were most rare in rural areas. Bird consumption of waste was viewed positively, while eating of other foods, close proximity and unusual behaviours were viewed negatively. Both species, especially the larger vultures, were feared as spiritual agents, this measured by odd behaviours. Women and older people had stronger beliefs, due to cultural conditioning. These human perspectives and reactions influenced avian presence. This study contributes to urban avian ecology, socio-cultural studies and urban planning. [source] Silence as Gesture: Rethinking the Nature of Communicative SilencesCOMMUNICATION THEORY, Issue 4 2008Kris Acheson Silence and speech are often defined in relation to each other. In much scholarship, the two are perceived as polar opposites; speech enjoys primacy in this dichotomy, with silence negatively perceived as a lack of speech. As a consequence of this binary thinking, scholars remain unable to study the full range of the meanings and uses of silence in human interactions or even to fully recognize its communicative power. Merleau-Ponty described language as a gesture, made possible by the fact that we are bodies in a physical world. Language does not envelop or clothe thought; ideas materialize as embodied language, whether spoken or written. If silence is, as I argue here, as like speech as it is different, perhaps silence, too, can be a gesture. Rather than simply a background for expressed thought, if we considered silence to be embodied, to be a mating of the phenomenal and existential bodies, how might that affect current misconceptions of silence and subsequent limitations on the study of communicative silences? Résumé Le silence comme geste : Repenser la nature des silences communicationnels Le silence et la parole sont souvent définis en relation l'un avec l'autre. Dans une grande partie de la recherche, les deux phénomènes sont perçus comme étant des pôles opposés. La parole jouit de la primauté dans cette dichotomie, le silence étant perçu négativement comme une absence de parole. Conséquence de cette pensée binaire, les chercheurs demeurent incapables d'étudier toute la complexité des significations et des usages du silence dans les interactions humaines, ni même d'en reconnaître complètement le pouvoir communicationnel. Merleau-Ponty décrivait le langage comme un geste, rendu possible par le fait que nous sommes des corps dans un monde physique. Le langage n'enveloppe ni ne vêt la pensée; les idées se matérialisent comme un langage incarné, qu'il soit parlé ou écrit. Si, tel que je le soumets ici, le silence est aussi semblable à la parole qu'il n'en est différent, peut-être alors le silence peut-il être, lui aussi, un geste. Plutôt qu'un simple arrière-plan pour l'expression de la pensée, si nous considérions le silence comme étant incarné, comme étant un accouplement des corps phénoménaux et existentiels, quelles conséquences cela pourrait-il avoir sur les idées fausses que l'on se fait actuellement du silence et sur les limites subséquentes à l'étude des silences communicationnels? Abstract Stille als Geste. Neue Überlegungen zum Wesen kommunikativer Stille Stille und Rede werden oft in Abhängigkeit voneinander definiert und häufig als Gegensätze wahrgenommen, wobei Rede in dieser Dichotomie Vorrang genießt, während Stille eher negativ als das Fehlen von Rede wahrgenommen wird. Als eine Konsequenz dieses binären Denkens, bleibt es Wissenschaftlern unmöglich, das volle Ausmaß von Bedeutungen und Verwendungen von Stille in menschlicher Interaktion zu untersuchen und deren kommunikative Macht zu verstehen. Merleau-Ponty beschrieb Sprache als eine Geste möglich gemacht durch die Tatsache, dass wir Körper in einer physischen Welt sind. Sprache verhüllt oder bekleidet Gedanken nicht, Ideen materialisieren sich als Sprache, gesprochen oder geschrieben. Wenn Stille, und so argumentiere ich hier, vergleichbar aber auch verschieden von Sprache ist, kann man Stille möglicherweise auch als Geste verstehen. Verständen wir Stille als verkörpert, anstatt einfach nur als einen Hintergrund für ausgedrückte Gedanken, als eine Verbindung zwischen phänomenalen und existentiellen Körpern, wie kann dies dann die aktuelle Misskonzeptualisierungen von Stille beeinflussen und daraus folgend Einschränkungen bei der Untersuchung von kommunikativer Stille aufzeigen? Resumen El Silencio como un Gesto: Repensando la Naturaleza de los Silencios Comunicativos El silencio y el habla son a menudo definidos en relación de uno con otro. En muchos estudios, los 2 son percibidos como polarmente opuestos; el habla disfruta de la primacía en esta dicotomía, mientras que el silencio es percibido negativamente como la falta del habla. Como una consecuencia de este pensamiento binario, los estudiosos permanecen inhabilitados para estudiar el rango completo de los significados y usos del silencio en las interacciones humanas, y para reconocer su poder comunicativo. Merleau-Ponty describió el lenguaje como un gesto, hecho posible por el hecho de que somos cuerpos en un mundo físico. El lenguaje no desarrolla ó viste ese pensamiento; las ideas se materializan como personificados en el lenguaje ya sea hablado ó escrito. Si el silencio es, como yo expongo aquí, como el habla así como es diferente del habla, tal vez el silencio pueda ser un gesto también. En vez de ser simplemente un antecedente del pensamiento expresado, si consideramos al silencio como un ser personificado, como una pareja de los cuerpos fenomenales y existentes, cómo podría eso afectar las concepciones corrientes equivocadas sobre el silencio y sus limitaciones subsecuentes para el estudio de los silencios comunicativos? ZhaiYao Yo yak [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||