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Human Immunoglobulin (human + immunoglobulin)
Terms modified by Human Immunoglobulin Selected AbstractsInhibitory effect of pooled human immunoglobulin on cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cellsPEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 1 2006Kuan-Hsun Wu Human intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) are widely used as immunomodulators because of their ability to modify the course of various immune-mediated diseases. We investigated the mechanisms responsible for the regulatory effects of IVIG on in vitro human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cytokine production. Pre-incubation of PBMCs with IVIG inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin stimulated cytokine secretion. Pre-incubation of PBMCs with IVIG induced a significant inhibition of LPS-stimulated (IL-6) secretion (p = 0.045); the effect on tumor necrosis factor- , (TNF- ,) secretion was not significant (p = 0.234). Pre-incubation of PBMCs with IVIG inhibited IL-6 secretion (p = 0.033) stimulated with anti-CD14 antibody cross-linking but had no significant effect on TNF- , secretion (p = 0.125). PBMC pre-incubation with anti-CD14-blocking antibody induced a significant reduction (p = 0.042) in LPS-stimulated TNF- , secretion in comparison with a non-significant reduction (p =0.256) noted with IVIG pre-treatment. In contrast, pre-incubation of PBMCs with anti-CD14 antibody did not induce a significant reduction in LPS-stimulated IL-6 secretion (p = 0.166) in comparison with a significant reduction (p = 0.001) induced with IVIG pre-treatment. Our data suggest that the immunoregulatory properties of IVIG may rely on several mechanisms, some of which may be independent of CD14. Our data also showed that cross-linking cell membrane-bound IVIG with anti-human kappa- and lambda-chain antibodies resulted in cytokine secretion levels similar to those elicited by LPS. In addition, intracellular DNA staining results did not support the involvement of apoptosis in the regulatory mechanisms of IVIG. This data may further our understanding of the immunoregulatory effects exerted by IVIG on the production of inflammatory-response mediators. [source] Coronary risks after high-dose ,-globulin in children with Kawasaki diseasePEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 5 2000Yoshiyuki Morikawa Abstract Objectives: The goals of the present study were to develop a predictive coronary risk scoring system after intravenous ,-globulin (IVGG) therapy of any dose for the different preparations currently used in the treatment of children with Kawasaki disease and to determine the predictive value of the system. The previously reported scoring systems were based on treatment with high-dose IVGG therapy at limited doses and were determined using investigative methods. Methods: Four hundred and fifty-one patients were randomized into one of three groups and received either i.v. polyethylene glycol-treated human immunoglobulin at a dose of either 200 (n=147) or 400 mg/kg per day (n=152) or freeze-dried sulfonated human immunoglobulin at 200 mg/kg per day (n=152) for 5 consecutive days. We documented 31 cases of coronary abnormalities (CA). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed using 49 clinical variables and the resulting predictive model was validated. Results: The duration of fever (odds (1 day)/odds (, 5 days)=0.158; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.0385,0.648), hemoglobin (odds (Q1=10.3)/odds (Q3=11.6) = 3.97; 95% CI 1.92,8.20), IgG (odds (Q1=1900)/odds (Q3=2658)=2.72, 95% CI 1.18,6.25) and IgA (odds (Q1=72)/odds (Q3=160) =0.415; 95% CI 0.253,0.680) levels after completion of ,-globulin infusion were independent predictors. The model is quasi-cross validated and has acceptable sensitivity and selectivity. The estimated risk and observed occurence of CA coincide. Conclusions: Determinants of the risk of CA after IVGG therapy are a longer duration of fever, a lower IgG level, a higher IgA level and a lower hemoglobin level after IVGG infusion. This model is applicable for IVGG doses from 1 to 2 g/kg and for at least two different ,-globulin preparations. [source] Complex nature of the human antisperm antibody response in SCID miceANDROLOGIA, Issue 2 2004M. Kurpisz Summary. Human peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMs) cells were introduced into the peritoneal cavity of severely-combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice in concentrations of 2.5,4.0 × 107 cells per mouse. Whole mononuclear cell suspensions were used either unstimulated or following primary in vitro culture with human spermatozoa. In some experiments, immunodepletion of CD8+ cells was carried out prior to grafting. Lymphocytes were obtained from nonsensitized (to antigen) human subjects or from individuals who were primed in vivo (vasectomized individuals in case of sperm antigens). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to assess total human immunoglobulin (G or M) levels as well as the specificity of the antibodies generated. We have been successful by generating primary and secondary immune responses with ,naïve' human lymphocytes, challenged with chlamydia or ovalbumin but without adjuvant or CD8+ immunodepletion; however, we were unable to induce specific antibodies to spermatozoa under this regime in SCID male mice. We then employed female SCID mice, treated with sperm antigen extracts (glycosylated or deglycosylated) encapsulated in liposomes and human lymphocytes obtained from ,naïve' or pre-sensitized in vivo subjects. It was found that the most pronounced humoral response to sperm antigens was obtained with deglycosylated antigens and PBMs from vasectomized (in vivo pre-primed to spermatozoa) individuals. A presented SCID mice model can be helpful at understanding of antisperm antibody development and the molecular nature of generated antibodies to modified sperm antigenic entities. [source] Recognising and responding to outbreaks of hepatitis A associated with child day-care centresAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 6 2001Jeffrey N. Hanna Objectives: To assess the appropriateness of a protocol for recognising and responding to outbreaks of hepatitis A in child day-care centres and to determine if measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine was given too soon following the administration of normal human immunoglobulin (NIGH) to young children to control the outbreaks. Design: Prospective surveillance to recognise cases of hepatitis A associated with, and outbreaks of hepatitis A in, day-care centres. Main outcome measures: The percentage of initial (,sentinel') cases of hepatitis A associated with day-care centres that were subsequently recognised as also being 'index' cases of outbreaks of hepatitis A in the centres, and the number of children 9,13 months of age when given NIGH who were subsequently given MMR less than three months later. Results: Only 18 (16%) of the 114 sentinel day-care associated cases of hepatitis A were also index cases of outbreaks of hepatitis A in their respective centres. A total of 105 cases of hepatitis A were associated with the 18 outbreak centres; NIGH was administered to 928 (78%) of the attendee children, and to 105 (82%) of the susceptible staff, at the 18 centres. Three of the five children 9,13 months of age when given NIGH were given MMR less that three months later. Conclusions: Although outbreaks of hepatitis A were common events in day-care centres in north Queensland during the two-year study period, a single case of hepatitis A associated with a centre was a poor predictor of an outbreak within that centre. Precautions must be taken to ensure that live vaccines are not administered to young children too soon after NIGH. [source] Crystallization and preliminary structure determination of an intact human immunoglobulin, b12: an antibody that broadly neutralizes primary isolates of HIV-1ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D, Issue 1 2001Erica Ollmann Saphire An intact human immunoglobulin with a full-length hinge has been crystallized for the first time in a form in which all of the Ig domains are ordered. The IgG1 antibody b12 is one of only three known monoclonal antibodies described that potently neutralize a broad range of HIV-1 primary isolates. It binds to an epitope overlapping the conserved CD4 binding site on the viral surface antigen gp120. Hexagonal crystals corresponding to space group R32 were grown from 0.8,M ammonium sulfate, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 271.3, c = 175.2,Å and one molecule per asymmetric unit. The crystals diffract to 2.8,Å and a preliminary molecular-replacement solution indicates that all 12 Ig domains of the antibody can be resolved. [source] Intramuscular immunoglobulin for recalcitrant suppurative diseases of the skin: a retrospective review of 63 casesBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2007B. Goo Summary Background, Intramuscular human immunoglobulin (HIG) may provide a therapeutic option as an independent or combined treatment for recalcitrant suppurative skin diseases such as hidradenitis suppurativa, folliculitis decalvans, or chronic recurrent furunculosis or folliculitis. Objectives, To define the efficacy and safety of intramuscular HIG for chronic and recalcitrant suppurative skin diseases. Methods, Patients who had received HIG for hidradenitis suppurativa, folliculitis decalvans, furunculosis or folliculitis at Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, between January 2000 and May 2005 were identified from medical/pharmacy records. All records were analysed retrospectively. Results, Sixty-three patients were identified. After treatment, 37 patients (59%) showed overall improvement and were rated as having an ,excellent response' or ,good response' by the attending physician. No improvement or worsening was seen in only three patients (5%). A period without new lesions (PWNL) was achieved in 46 patients (73%). The number of times HIG was administered to achieve PWNL ranged from 1 to 12 (mean ± SD 2·15 ± 1·69). There was no significant difference in the rating score between the independent intramuscular HIG and the combined treatment groups. Pain at the injection site was the major side-effect, which led to the discontinuation of treatment in five patients. No other significant systemic side-effects were observed. Conclusions, Our results demonstrate that intramuscular HIG may be used for the treatment of recalcitrant suppurative skin diseases as an independent or combined treatment. [source] | ||||||||||