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Annealing Techniques (annealing + techniques)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	50%

Selected Abstracts

An improved model for boron diffusion and activation in silicon

AICHE JOURNAL, Issue 2 2010
Charlotte T. M. Kwok
Abstract Technologies such as solid-phase epitaxial regrowth and millisecond annealing techniques have led to a wide range of maximum temperatures and heating rates for activating dopants and eliminating ion implantation damage for transistor junction formation. Developing suitable annealing strategies depends on mathematical models that incorporate accurate defect physics. The present work describes a model that includes a newly discovered representation of defect annihilation at surfaces and of near-surface band bending, together with an improved representation of interstitial clustering. Key parameters are determined by maximum likelihood (ML) estimation and maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation. The model yields a substantially improved ability to model the behavior of implanted boron over a wide range of annealing conditions. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010 [source]

Highly Ordered Hexagonal Arrays of Hybridized Micelles from Bimodal Self-Assemblies of Diblock Copolymer Micelles

MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 7 2010
Seong Il Yoo
Abstract We demonstrate the formation of highly ordered hexagonal arrays of hybridized polystyrene,poly(4-vinyl pyridine), PS,PVP, micelles with controllable size by solvent annealing techniques. Because the formation of hybridized micelles was prohibited in the mixture solutions of two different-sized PS,PVP micelles, single-layered films with bimodal self-assemblies of small and large micelles were fabricated from the mixture solutions by adjusting their mixing ratios. When the single-layered films were solvent annealed by saturated vapor of tetrahydrofuran (THF), on the other hand, small and large PS,PVP micelles in the bimodal self-assemblies merged together to form hybridized micelles. In addition, the hybridized micelles arranged themselves in a highly ordered hexagonal array, the diameter and center-to-center distance of which were precisely adjusted by varying the mixing ratio of small to large micelles in the bimodal assemblies. [source]

The effect of crystallization technology and gate insulator deposition method on the performance and reliability of polysilicon TFTs

PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (C) - CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 12 2008
Despina C. Moschou
Abstract Polysilicon TFTs were fabricated using solid phase crystallization (SPC) and also two different excimer laser annealing techniques (ELA) for polysilicon crystallization. Moreover, we tried two different gate oxide deposition methods, using PECVD or TEOS LPCVD. Comparing the characteristics of the fabricated TFTs, we were able to probe the effects of the polysilicon crystallization techniques and the gate oxide deposition methods on TFT performance and reliability. This way, an optimization of the TFT fabrication procedure could be possible. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source]

Elucidation of the solution structure of cardiotoxin analogue V from the Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra),Identification of structural features important for the lethal action of snake venom cardiotoxins

PROTEIN SCIENCE, Issue 4 2000
Gurunathan Jayaraman
Abstract The aim of the present study is to understand the structural features responsible for the lethal activity of snake venom cardiotoxins. Comparison of the lethal potency of the five cardiotoxin isoforms isolated from the venom of Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra) reveals that the lethal potency of CTX I and CTX V are about twice of that exhibited by CTX II, CTX III, and CTX IV. In the present study, the solution structure of CTX V has been determined at high resolution using multidimensional proton NMR spectroscopy and dynamical simulated annealing techniques. Comparison of the high resolution solution structures of CTX V with that of CTX IV reveals that the secondary structural elements in both the toxin isoforms consist of a triple and double-stranded antiparallel ,-sheet domains. Critical examination of the threedimensional structure of CTX V shows that the residues at the tip of Loop III form a distinct "finger-shaped" projection comprising of nonpolar residues. The occurrence of the nonpolar "finger-shaped" projection leads to the formation of a prominent cleft between the residues located at the tip of Loops II and III. Interestingly, the occurrence of a backbone hydrogen bonding (Val27CO to Leu48NH) in CTX IV is found to distort the "finger-shaped" projection and consequently diminish the cleft formation at the tip of Loops II and III. Comparison of the solution structures and lethal potencies of other cardiotoxin isoforms isolated from the Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra) venom shows that a strong correlation exists between the lethal potency and occurrence of the nonpolar "finger-shaped" projection at the tip of Loop III. Critical analysis of the structures of the various CTX isoforms from the Taiwan cobra suggest that the degree of exposure of the cationic charge (to the solvent) contributed by the invariant lysine residue at position 44 on the convex side of the CTX molecules could be another crucial factor governing their lethal potency. [source]