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Hospitalized Neonates (hospitalized + neonate)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Prevalence of Cutaneous Findings in Hospitalized Neonates: A Prospective Observational Study

PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2009
Ayten Ferahbas M.D.
Methods:, All of newborn infants hospitalized in the Newborn Unit of Erciyes University Medical School Hospital in Central Anatolia, Turkey from February 1 to November 30, 2003, were included prospectively in the study. A questionnaire regarding maternal gestational history, maternal and family history was administered to the parents of each child. All skin lesions were recorded and mapped on a body chart. Results:, Of the 816 newborns, parents of 650 gave informed consent. Only 28 (4.3%) of the infants had no dermatologic examination findings. The most common 10 diagnoses were: xerosis/desquamation 257 (39.5%), sebaceous hyperplasia 207 (31.8%), transient toxic erythema 201 (30.9%), salmon patch 125 (19.2%), Mongolian spot 86 (13.2%), cutis marmorata 69 (10.6%), suction bulla 67 (10.3%), miliaria 55 (8.5%), hypertrichosis 51 (7.8%), and dermatitis (irritant, seborrheic, or diaper) 14 (2.1%). Conclusions:, This study confirms that skin changes in the newborn are common, particularly desquamation, sebaceous hyperplasia, and transient toxic erythema. [source]

Hypothyroidism in neonates post-iodinated contrast media: a systematic review

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 10 2009
Alexandra Ahmet
Abstract Aim:, To determine if neonates exposed to iodinated contrast media are at risk of hypothyroidism. Methods:, A systematic review was conducted by searching electronic databases (e.g. MEDLINE), contacting experts and scanning reference lists. Studies examining the effects of contrast media on neonatal thyroid function were included. Two reviewers independently screened the literature and assessed the risk of bias, while one reviewer abstracted data. Results:, Eleven studies were included; nine studies directly examined the risk of hypothyroidism (n = 182 neonates exposed to contrast media). All were highly affected by bias. In the three studies including term infants, one showed a trend towards increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and decreased free thyroxine (FT4) among exposed groups. Six of 72 (8.3%) term infants exposed were treated for hypothyroidism. In studies of premature infants, there was a trend towards increased TSH (n = 3/7 studies), lower total thyroxine (n = 1), decreased triidothyronine and FT4 (n = 3) and hypothyroidism (n = 5). Twenty of 110 (18.2%) premature infants exposed were treated for hypothyroidism. Conclusion:, Hospitalized neonates exposed to iodinated contrast media are at risk for abnormal thyroid function and development of hypothyroidism. Premature infants might be at increased risk. Well-controlled studies are required to replicate our findings because the included studies were highly affected by bias. [source]

Reducing nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care: An intervention study

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING PRACTICE, Issue 6 2009
Raijah Hj A Rahim MN RN SCM BScN
Nosocomial infection is a common cause of morbidity and mortality for hospitalized neonates. This report describes measures taken to reduce the prevalence of nosocomial infection within a 34-bed neonatal intensive care unit in Malaysia. Interventions included a one-to-one education programme for nursing staff (n = 30); the education of cleaners and health-care assistants allocated to work in the unit; and the introduction of routine (weekly) screening procedure for all infants with feedback given to staff. The education programme for nurses focused on the application of standard precautions to three common clinical procedures: hand washing, tracheobronchial suctioning and nasogastric tube feeding. These were evaluated using competency checklists. The prevalence of nosocomial blood and respiratory tract infections declined over the 7-month study period. This study highlights the importance of education in contributing to the control of nosocomial infection in the neonatal intensive care unit. [source]

Utilizing an Oral Sucrose Solution to Minimize Neonatal Pain

JOURNAL FOR SPECIALISTS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING, Issue 1 2005
Debbie Gearner Thompson
issues and purpose.,To present an evidence-based practice protocol for oral sucrose administration to minimize neonatal procedural pain. conclusion.,Examination of published research may provide additional modalities to expand an established pediatric pain-management program. practical implications.,The extensive research evaluating oral sucrose supports its inclusion in a pediatric pain-management program. A thorough implementation plan will allow new modalities to be included to optimize procedural pain relief for hospitalized neonates with minimal staff resistance and improved patient outcomes. [source]

Screening of rotavirus and adenovirus infections during prolonged hospitalization in a neonatal unit

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 10 2001
M Hällström
Rotavirus and adenovirus infections in 308 infants hospitalized for longer than 1 wk, and cases with necrotizing enterocolitis, were screened in a neonatal unit during a 15 mo period, covering two rotavirus epidemics in the community. Altogether, 1020 stool samples were collected weekly until hospital discharge, and in necrotizing enterocolitis cases at the onset of symptoms, and tested for rotavirus and adenovirus by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The positive samples were further analysed by polymerase chain reaction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed five adenovirus-positive cases, which were tested negative by polymerase chain reaction. Out of 16 necrotizing enterocolitis cases, one was adenovirus- and another rotavirus positive when tested by polymerase chain reaction, the latter having a concomitant Candida albicans septicaemia. Conclusion: Routine rotavirus and adenovirus screening in hospitalized neonates seems to be unnecessary. Viral diagnostic examinations should be considered in patients with necrotizing enterocolitis. [source]