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Horn Fly (horn + fly)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Life Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Insecticide resistance in the horn fly: alternative control strategies

MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 3 2008
M. P. OYARZÚN
Abstract The horn fly, Haematobia irritans (Linnaeus 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae) is one of the most widespread and economically important pests of cattle. Although insecticides have been used for fly control, success has been limited because of the development of insecticide resistance in all countries where the horn fly is found. This problem, along with public pressure for insecticide-free food and the prohibitive cost of developing new classes of compounds, has driven the investigation of alternative control methods that minimize or avoid the use of insecticides. This review provides details of the economic impact of horn flies, existing insecticides used for horn fly control and resistance mechanisms. Current research on new methods of horn fly control based on resistant cattle selection, semiochemicals, biological control and vaccines is also discussed. [source]

Abundance of stable flies on heifers treated for control of horn flies with organophosphate impregnated ear tags

MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 1 2004
A. A. Guglielmone
Abstract., Ear tags containing 40% organophosphate insecticides (diazinon or diazinon plus chlorpyrifos-ethyl) were applied to control Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) in treated (TG01 and TG02) and untreated (UG01 and UG02) groups of Holstein heifers born in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Control and treated groups were assessed for the abundance of Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) from August 2001 to April 2002 and again from August 2002 to April 2003. The treatment had a high efficacy for control of horn flies (maximum median number per heifer of TG01 and TG02 = 5) but a low effect on the abundance of stable flies. The total numbers of S. calcitrans were 1251 (42.9% of the total) and 1668 (57.1%) for TG01 and UG01, and 1423 (48.8%) and 1494 (51.2%) in TG02 and UG02, respectively. No significant difference in stable fly burden was found in 55 of the 76 weeks evaluated. A unimodal peak of abundance in the spring was found during the first fly season, and a bimodal abundance, with peaks in the spring and autumn, during the second season. No strong associations between horn fly and stable fly burdens was found in individuals of the CG01 (correlation coefficient = 0.13, P > 0.05) or CG02 (correlation coefficient = 0.538, P < 0.05, determination coefficient = 0.289). [source]

Evaluation of phloxine B as a photoinsecticide on immature stages of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)

AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 1 2009
Adrián Filiberti
Abstract The use of photoactive substances for controlling adult or immature stages of insect pests is an attractive alternative to chemical insecticides. Phloxine B is an environmentally friendly xanthene derivative that is safe for mammals but toxic for dipterans. In this study we tested the effect of phloxine B as a phototoxic larvicide against immature stages of the blood-sucking horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.). The mortality rate of phloxine B was very low in the dark during the larval stage (100 h) unless a 0.5-mM dye concentration was used. However, a high mortality rate was attained when larvae III were transferred to containers exposed to 5000 lux during the last 2 h before pupariation. This was concentration-dependent up to 0.1-mM phloxine B. After a 2-h larval exposure to light the phloxine B 50% lethal concentration was 0.043 mM. These results indicate that H. irritans larvae are very sensitive to this dye, which in turn seems a promising component for larvicide formulations to control horn flies. [source]

Insecticide resistance in the horn fly: alternative control strategies

MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 3 2008
M. P. OYARZÚN
Abstract The horn fly, Haematobia irritans (Linnaeus 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae) is one of the most widespread and economically important pests of cattle. Although insecticides have been used for fly control, success has been limited because of the development of insecticide resistance in all countries where the horn fly is found. This problem, along with public pressure for insecticide-free food and the prohibitive cost of developing new classes of compounds, has driven the investigation of alternative control methods that minimize or avoid the use of insecticides. This review provides details of the economic impact of horn flies, existing insecticides used for horn fly control and resistance mechanisms. Current research on new methods of horn fly control based on resistant cattle selection, semiochemicals, biological control and vaccines is also discussed. [source]

Abundance of stable flies on heifers treated for control of horn flies with organophosphate impregnated ear tags

MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 1 2004
A. A. Guglielmone
Abstract., Ear tags containing 40% organophosphate insecticides (diazinon or diazinon plus chlorpyrifos-ethyl) were applied to control Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) in treated (TG01 and TG02) and untreated (UG01 and UG02) groups of Holstein heifers born in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Control and treated groups were assessed for the abundance of Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) from August 2001 to April 2002 and again from August 2002 to April 2003. The treatment had a high efficacy for control of horn flies (maximum median number per heifer of TG01 and TG02 = 5) but a low effect on the abundance of stable flies. The total numbers of S. calcitrans were 1251 (42.9% of the total) and 1668 (57.1%) for TG01 and UG01, and 1423 (48.8%) and 1494 (51.2%) in TG02 and UG02, respectively. No significant difference in stable fly burden was found in 55 of the 76 weeks evaluated. A unimodal peak of abundance in the spring was found during the first fly season, and a bimodal abundance, with peaks in the spring and autumn, during the second season. No strong associations between horn fly and stable fly burdens was found in individuals of the CG01 (correlation coefficient = 0.13, P > 0.05) or CG02 (correlation coefficient = 0.538, P < 0.05, determination coefficient = 0.289). [source]

Evaluation of phloxine B as a photoinsecticide on immature stages of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae)

AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 1 2009
Adrián Filiberti
Abstract The use of photoactive substances for controlling adult or immature stages of insect pests is an attractive alternative to chemical insecticides. Phloxine B is an environmentally friendly xanthene derivative that is safe for mammals but toxic for dipterans. In this study we tested the effect of phloxine B as a phototoxic larvicide against immature stages of the blood-sucking horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.). The mortality rate of phloxine B was very low in the dark during the larval stage (100 h) unless a 0.5-mM dye concentration was used. However, a high mortality rate was attained when larvae III were transferred to containers exposed to 5000 lux during the last 2 h before pupariation. This was concentration-dependent up to 0.1-mM phloxine B. After a 2-h larval exposure to light the phloxine B 50% lethal concentration was 0.043 mM. These results indicate that H. irritans larvae are very sensitive to this dye, which in turn seems a promising component for larvicide formulations to control horn flies. [source]