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Holstein Bulls (holstein + bull)
Selected AbstractsBovine umbilical hernia maps to the centromeric end of Bos taurus autosome 8ANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 6 2004M. Ron Summary Twelve bull calves were produced by mating elite Israeli cows to ,Glenhapton Enhancer', a Canadian Holstein bull. The frequency of umbilical hernia (UH) in the progeny of the sons ranged from 1 to 21%, consistent with the hypothesis that Enhancer is the carrier of major dominant or codominant gene with partial penetrance for UH. Five sons of Enhancer produced progeny with >10% frequency of UH including sire 3259, whereas progeny of three sons had <3% UH. A total of 116 grand-progeny of Enhancer, all progeny of 3259, were genotyped for 59 microsatellites spanning the 29 bovine autosomes. Of these offspring, 41 were affected. Significant differences in paternal allele frequencies between the affected and unaffected progeny groups were found for marker BMS1591 on bovine chromosome 8 (BTA8). The UH-associated paternal allele originated from Enhancer. The chromosomal segment associated with UH was more precisely mapped between UWCA47, on the centromeric end of BTA8 and RM321, 12 cM from the centromere. A maximum LOD score of 3.84 was obtained 2.5 cM from the centromere with a support interval of 8 cM. Haplotype analysis of eight sons of Enhancer suggested that the UH gene is located in the centromeric end of BTA8 beyond ARO71/ARO72. Thus, by integrating the results from progeny of sire 3259 and sons of Enhancer the location of the UH gene was further refined to the BTA8 segment between ARO71/ARO72 and UWCA47. [source] Frequencies of bovine PrP gene polymorphisms in Holstein and Japanese Black bulls in JapanANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 4 2006Tsuyoshi ABE ABSTRACT We screened for Japanese Black and Holstein bull sire samples to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involving animo-acid substitutions in the bovine prion gene in the entire coding region of the PRNP gene. Although three silent SNPs were found, we could not detect any SNP with animo-acid substitution. We also examined the polymorphism of the octapeptide repeat number in these samples. There was no homozygous bull with repeat number 5. The frequency of heterozygous (6/5) bulls was 8% in the Japanese Black bull and 4% in the Holstein bull, respectively. The bull samples used in this study contain popular elite sires, so it appears that the polymorphisms of prion protein (PrP) are rather difficult to find in these two breeds in Japan, except for polymorphism of the octapeptide repeat number. [source] Relation between Holstein bulls' proofs for milk in USA and the survival and body weights up to 18 months of their F1 zebu progeny in VenezuelaJOURNAL OF ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS, Issue 3 2003J. R. Pacheco Summary The purpose of the study was to determine the relation between Holstein bulls' proofs for milk in USA, and the survival and body weights of their F1 progeny under lowland grazing conditions in Venezuela. Semen was selected from sires with the highest proofs available locally (class H, n = 23) or with proofs close to the breed average (class A, n = 18). Mean proofs were 934 kg (H) and 237 kg (A), respectively, when semen was purchased (1989,93), falling to 204 and ,386 kg when updated in 2001. Dams were Brahman-type zebus on seven farms, raising the F1 progeny (n = 866) on native or cultivated pasture with only mineral supplements. Records of survival to 8 and 18 months and weights at birth, 8 and 18 months of age were analysed using linear models. Sire class had no effect on survival or weight at birth, but H progeny were slightly heavier than A progeny at 8 (4.0%, p = 0.06) and 18 months (2.6%, p < 0.05). The interaction class × farm was only significant for survival, with H progeny equal or superior to A groups on six farms. The effect of sire within class was highly significant for survival to 8 months and weight at 18 months. Rank correlations using sires' milk proofs and F1 progeny weights and survival were not significant. It was concluded that the use of Holstein bulls with high milk proofs may lead to slightly higher 18-month weights in their F1 progeny in tropical grazing systems, covering the additional cost of H semen, but that sire evaluation for weight gain and progeny survival rates may be justified under these conditions. Zusammenfassung Beziehungen zwischen den Zuchtwerten für Milch von Holstein-Bullen in den USA und dem Überleben und dem Körpergewicht bis zu 18 Monaten ihrer F1-Zebu-Nachkommen in Venezuela Der Zweck dieser Studie war die Ermittlung der Beziehungen zwischen den Milch-Zuchtwerten von Holstein-Bullen in den USA und dem Überleben und dem Körpergewicht von F1-Nachkommen unter den Weidebedingungen des Flachlandes in Venezuela. Ausgewählt wurde das Sperma von lokal verfügbaren Bullen mit den höchsten Zuchtwerten (Klasse H, n = 23) oder mit Zuchtwerten, die eng am Populationsdurchschnitt (Klasse A, n = 18) lagen. Beim Erwerb des Spermas (1989,1993) betrugen die mittleren Zuchtwerte 934 kg (H) beziehungsweise 237 kg (A), die bei der Neubewertung 2001 auf 204 kg und ,386 kg abfielen. Die Kühe waren Zebus im Brahman-Typ von sieben Farmen, die die F1-Nachkommen (n = 866) auf natürlichen oder kultivierten Weiden nur mit zusätzlichem Mineralfutter aufzogen. Das Überleben mit acht und 18 Monaten und das Gewicht bei der Geburt, mit acht und mit 18 Monaten wurde mittels linearer Modelle analysiert. Die Bullenklasse zeigte keinen Effekt auf das Überleben und das Geburtsgewicht, aber die H-Nachkommen waren mit acht (4%, p = 0,06) und 18 Monaten (2,6%, p < 0,05) etwas schwerer als die A-Nachkommen. Die Interaktion "Klasse × Farm" war nur für das Überleben signifikant, mit H-Nachkommen gleich oder besser als die A-Gruppen auf sechs Farmen. Der Effekt des Vaters innerhalb der Klasse war hochsignifikant für das Überleben der ersten acht Monate und das Gewicht mit 18 Monaten. Rang-Korrelationen mit den Milch-Zuchtwerten der Bullen und den Gewichten und dem Überleben der F1-Nachkommen waren nicht signifikant. Die Verwendung von Holstein-Bullen mit hohen Zuchtwerten für Milch kann zu einer leichten Erhöhung des Gewicht der F1-Nachkommen mit 18 Monaten in tropischen Weidesystemen führen, welche die zusätzlichen Kosten des H-Spermas abdeckt, aber die Bewertung der Bullen hinsichtlich Gewichtszunahme und Überlebensrate der Nachkommen müsste unter diesen Bedingungen berichtigt werden. [source] Post-thaw Survival and Longevity of Bull Spermatozoa Frozen with an Egg Yolk-based or Two Egg Yolk-free Extenders after an Equilibration Period of 18 hREPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS, Issue 3 2007R Muiño Contents The aim of the present study was to determine the suitability of using two egg yolk-free commercial extenders, Andromed® and Biociphos Plus®, as compared with the Tris-egg yolk based diluent Biladyl®, for the cryopreservation of bull spermatozoa when the freezing protocol involved holding the extended semen at 4°C for 18 h before the freezing. Six ejaculates from each of 10 Holstein bulls were collected by using artificial vagina. The ejaculates were evaluated for volume, sperm concentration and motility, divided in to three equal volumes, and diluted, respectively, with the three extenders as specified above. Extended semen was equilibrated for 18 h at 4°C and frozen in 0.25-ml straws. After thawing, 100- ,l aliquots of semen were labelled with SYBR-14, PI and PE-PNA (Phycoerythrin-conjugated Peanut agglutinin) and analysed by flow cytometry at 0, 3, 6 and 9 h after incubation at 37°C. A General Lineal Model procedure for repeated measures was used to determine the effects of extender, bull, replicate and the interaction between them, on sperm viability and acrosomal integrity. Semen samples frozen with Biladyl® showed higher (p < 0.001) sperm survival after 0 h (47.9%) and 9 h (30.3%) of incubation than those frozen with Andromed® (38.5% and 17.3%, after 0 and 9 h respectively) or Biociphos Plus® (34.9% and 21.6%, after 0 and 9 h respectively). The bull and replicate had significant effects (p < 0.001) on both sperm viability and acrosomal integrity, but the interactions between bull and extender and between replicate and extender were not significant. It was concluded that, when holding the semen overnight before freezing, the use of Biladyl® results in higher sperm survival and longevity than the use of Andromed® or Biociphos Plus®. [source] Paternity validation and estimation of genotyping error rate for the BovineSNP50 BeadChipANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 5 2010J. I. Weller Summary Incorrect paternity assignment in cattle can have a major effect on rates of genetic gain. Of the 576 Israeli Holstein bulls genotyped by the BovineSNP50 BeadChip, there were 204 bulls for which the father was also genotyped. The results of 38 828 valid single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to validate paternity, determine the genotyping error rates and determine criteria enabling deletion of defective SNPs from further analysis. Based on the criterion of >2% conflicts between the genotype of the putative sire and son, paternity was rejected for seven bulls (3.5%). The remaining bulls had fewer conflicts by one or two orders of magnitude. Excluding these seven bulls, all other discrepancies between sire and son genotypes are assumed to be caused by genotyping mistakes. The frequency of discrepancies was >0.07 for nine SNPs, and >0.025 for 81 SNPs. The overall frequency of discrepancies was reduced from 0.00017 to 0.00010 after deletion of these 81 SNPs, and the total expected fraction of genotyping errors was estimated to be 0.05%. Paternity of bulls that are genotyped for genomic selection may be verified or traced against candidate sires at virtually no additional cost. [source] Validation of whole genome linkage-linkage disequilibrium and association results, and identification of markers to predict genetic merit for twinningANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 4 2010C. D. Bierman Summary A previous genome-wide search with a moderate density 10K marker set identified many marker associations with twinning rate, either through single-marker analysis or combined linkage-linkage disequilibrium (LLD; haplotype) analysis. The objective of the current study was to validate putative marker associations using an independent set of phenotypic data. Holstein bulls (n = 921) from 100 paternal half-sib families were genotyped. Twinning rate predicted transmitting abilities were calculated using calving records from 1994 to 1998 (Data I) and 1999 to 2006 (Data II), and the underlying liability scores from threshold model analysis were used as the trait in marker association analyses. The previous analysis used 201 bulls with daughter records in Data I. In the current analysis, this was increased to 434, providing a revised estimate of effect and significance. Bulls with daughter records in Data II totaled 851, and analysis of this data provided the validation of results from analysis of Data I. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected to validate previously significant single-marker associations and LLD results. Bulls were genotyped for a total of 306 markers. Nine of 13 LLD regions located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 22, 23(2) and 26 were validated, showing significant results for both Data I and II. Association analysis revealed 55 of 174 markers validated, equating to a single-marker validation rate of 31%. Stepwise backward elimination and cross-validation analyses identified 18 SNPs for use in a final reduced marker panel explaining 34% of the genetic variation, and to allow prediction of genetic merit for twinning rate. [source] Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine CCL2, IL8, CCR2 and IL8RA genes and their association with health and production in Canadian HolsteinsANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 3 2007I. Leyva-Baca Summary The aim of this study was to identify the presence of SNPs in the chemokine genes CCL2 and IL8 and the chemokine receptor genes IL8RA and CCR2, and assess their potential contribution to variation in estimated breeding values (EBVs) for somatic cell score (SCS) and four other traits in Canadian Holstein bulls. Pools of DNA for bulls with high (H) and low (L) EBVs for SCS were used for identification of 11 SNPs. Two unreported SNPs were found in the CCL2 gene and one SNP was found in the CCR2 gene. Previously reported SNPs (three in the IL8 gene and five in the IL8RA chemokine receptor) were also identified. Two SNPs in CCL2, three in IL8, one in IL8RA and one in CCR2 were genotyped in Canadian Holstein bulls (n = 338) using tetra primer ARMS-PCR. We investigated associations of these seven polymorphisms with three production traits (milk yield, fat yield and protein yield) and one conformation trait related to mastitis (udder depth). The allele substitution effect for the CCL2 rs41255713:T>C SNP was significant at an experimental-wise level for milk yield (247.5 ± 79.9 kg) and protein yield (7.4 ± 2.3 kg) EBVs (P , 0.05). The associations of the SNPs with SCS EBVs were not significant at an experimental-wise level. However, the allele substitution effect of the CCR2 rs41257559:C>T SNP on SCS was significant at the comparison-wise level (,0.04 ± 0.02, P = 0.05), which might indicate a possible association in support of other published studies. Lastly, we assigned CCR2 to BTA22q24, where a previously QTL for SCS was identified. [source] Proteins of the accessory sex glands associated with the oocyte-penetrating capacity of cauda epididymal sperm from holstein bulls of documented fertilityMOLECULAR REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT, Issue 2 2007Arlindo A. Moura Abstract We previously reported that accessory sex gland fluid (AGF) from high fertility (HF) bulls influenced the oocyte-penetrating capacity of cauda epididymal sperm from low fertility (LF) bulls, based on in vitro fertilization (IVF) assays. The present study determined if AGF proteins were associated with these effects. Nineteen IVF assays with 12 bulls were grouped as follows. Group I (n,=,8): assays where sperm from LF bulls exposed to AGF from HF bulls had greater oocyte penetration than exposed to homologous AGF. Group II (n,=,7): sperm from LF bulls to AGF from HF bulls versus homologous AGF showed no significant differences. Group III (n,=,4): sperm from LF bulls treated with homologous AGF had greater fertility than sperm treated with AGF from HF bulls. Sire fertility was based on nonreturn rates (NNR) and AGF collected by artificial vagina from bulls with cannulated vasa deferentia. Two-dimensional SDS,PAGE maps of AGF were analyzed by PDQuest and proteins identified by tandem mass spectrometry and Western blots. Differences in spot intensity between AGF of HF and LF bulls were compared across groups of IVF assays (P,<,0.05). The expression of BSP A1/A2 and A3, BSP 30 kDa, clusterin, albumin, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and osteopontin was greater in the AGF of HF bulls in Group I as compared to Groups II and III. Conversely, there was less nucleobindin in the AGF of HF bulls in Group I than in Groups II and III. This is the first report of nucleobindin (58 kDa/pI 5.6) in male reproductive fluids, using both immunoblots and mass spectrometry. Thus, the effect of AGF from HF bulls on epididymal sperm is likely the result of specific proteins expressed in the AGF. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | |||||||||||||