Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Histopathological Study (histopathological + study)
Selected AbstractsChronically Administered Risperidone Did Not Change the Number of Hepatocytes in Rats: A Stereological and Histopathological StudyBASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY, Issue 5 2008Zekai Halici The strategy in the choice of antipsychotic agent should take into account the hepatic tolerance. The aim of the present study was to analyse whether or not the chronic administration of risperidone has a toxic effect on rat livers. Rats were divided into three groups. Low dose (n = 5) and high dose (n = 5) groups that were given 0.5 and 1 mg/kg intraperitoneal doses of risperidone daily for 6 weeks, respectively. The control group received distilled water as a vehicle. At the end of the experiment, the rats were killed, and livers were dissected out immediately and transferred into the fixation solution. Both conventional light and transmission electron microscopic tissue preparation procedures were applied to liver tissues and they were evaluated using stereological and histopathological methods; in this respect, this is the first study using stereological methods for searching the effects of risperidone on liver. There were no significant differences about the total hepatocyte number and their numerical density of rat liver between groups (P > 0.05). Stereological results were also confirmed by the histopathological findings that come from both structural and ultrastructural levels examination. The results of the current study indicate that neither low nor high doses of risperidone resulted in damage to the rat livers at cellular level. In conclusion, we did not find any evidence for hepatotoxicity of risperidone rats. Larger-scale, prospective studies are needed in order to confirm these findings. [source] Case of eosinophilic granulomatous enterocolitis caused by Strongyloides stercoralis infection with marked hypoalbuminemia and ascitesDIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY, Issue 3 2004Nuthapong Ukarapol We report a 10-year-old boy presenting with generalized pitting edema, ascites, abdominal pain, and chronic mucous diarrhea for 4 weeks. He had underlying diseases of hemoglobin E and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and had been treated with immunosuppressive agents for a long period of time, including prednisolone and methotrexate. After extensive investigations, Strongyloides stercoralis infection, leading to protein-losing enteropathy and eosinophilic granulomatous enterocolitis, was diagnosed. In the present report, we demonstrate early colonoscopic findings, revealing patchy erythema and small raised mucosal nodules with erosions at the cecum. Histopathological study showed open ulceration with cryptitis, intense infiltration of eosinophils and histiocytes with granuloma formation, in which Strongyloides stercoralis larvae were noted. [source] Mycobacterium fortuitum,induced persistent parotitis: Successful therapy with clarithromycin and ciprofloxacinHEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 11 2007Chien-Cheng Chen MD Abstract Background. Parotitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria, a very rare disease entity, has never been reported to be caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum (M. fortuitum) in the literature. Methods and Results. An 8-year-old girl was seen with painful swelling of the right parotid gland despite antibiotic treatment of more than 1 month. Elevated serum amylase activity and diffuse contrast-enhanced CT of the parotid gland confirmed the diagnosis of parotitis. Histopathological study of specimens taken from the right parotid tail mass showed granulomatous inflammation with acid-fast positive bacilli; culture later confirmed M. fortuitum. After administration of clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin for 9 consecutive months, the parotitis and parotid tail mass were completely resolved at follow-up examination. Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of parotitis caused by M. fortuitum and its successful medical treatment. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2007 [source] Auxiliary transplantation for acute liver failure: Histopathological study of native liver regenerationLIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 10 2008Alberto Quaglia Auxiliary liver transplantation (ALT) permits the serial assessment of regeneration in livers of patients with acute liver failure (ALF). Forty-nine ALF patients [32 adults (median age, 23 years; range, 16-40 years) and 17 children (median age, 12 years; range, 1-15 years)] underwent ALT between 1994 and 2004 at King's College Hospital. Twenty-four patients had seronegative liver failure, 15 had acetaminophen toxicity, 4 had hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 3 had drug-induced liver failure, 2 had autoimmune hepatitis, and 1 had mushroom poisoning. Nine patients without post-ALT native liver histology were excluded from review. All acetaminophen-induced, HBV, and drug-related patients had diffuse injury. Twelve seronegative patients and the autoimmune hepatitis patient had a map-like injury. On follow-up, 9 acetaminophen-induced patients, 9 seronegative patients, 2 drug-induced ALF patients, 3 HBV patients, and the autoimmune patient recovered to a near-normal native liver with inconsequential scarring. The hepatocyte proliferative rate in diffuse necrosis was 27.4% (range, 3.1%-69.4%) at hepatectomy and sharply decreased after 8 days post-ALT, being minimal months and years after ALT. In conclusion, in patients undergoing ALT for ALF with a diffuse pattern of liver injury,mainly acetaminophen toxicity,hepatocyte proliferation occurs in the native liver within a few days of transplantation. If the injury is map-like (most cases of seronegative ALF), regeneration seems to involve variable hepatocellular proliferation and potential ductular hepatopoiesis, but sequential assessment is difficult because of sampling variation. The likelihood of histological recovery appears to be minimal in livers with total hepatocyte loss at the time of ALT. Liver Transpl 14:1437,1448, 2008. © 2008 AASLD. [source] Subepithelial extension of squamous cell carcinoma in the esophagus: Histopathological study using D2-40 immunostaining for 108 superficial carcinomasPATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 12 2007Takayuki Amano Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus occasionally produces subepithelial extension (SEE) in the stroma below the non-cancerous epithelium. Little information on SEE has been obtained, therefore the purpose of the present study was to carry out a clinicopathological study using D2-40 immunostaining in 108 cases of superficial (mucosal and submucosal) SCC of the esophagus. SEE occurred in 24 cases (22.2%). The SEE was present in both mucosa and submucosa in 19 cases, but in five cases SEE was located in the mucosa. Lymphatic invasion of tumor cells was well determined on D2-40 immunostaining. In the SEE group lymphatic invasion was found in 15 cases, and in two cases there was lymphatic invasion in the lamina propria mucosa of the edge of SEE. In the SEE group 23 (95.8%) had infiltrative growth of tumor cells. Lymphatic invasion and growth pattern of tumor cells were statistically correlated with SEE. Lymph node metastases were found in 48 cases, but SEE was not correlated with nodal metastases statistically. In conclusion, esophageal SCC produces SEE from the early stage by infiltrative growth and lymphatic invasion of tumor cells. The detection of lymphatic invasion on D2-40 immunostaining in the mucosal edge of SEE is useful for evaluation of endoscopic mucosal resection tissue. [source] Histopathological study of the spreading neoplastic cells in cervical glands and surface epithelia in cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia and microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma: Ki-67 immunostaining is a useful marker for pathological diagnosis from the gland involvement sitePATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 8 2006Miki Kimura The purpose of the present study was to clarify the spreading status of neoplastic cells in the cervical glands and surface epithelia in cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma (MiSCC), and to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of Ki-67 immunostaining from the gland involvement (GI) site. Cervical conization samples from 120 patients, including 110 with CIN (CIN1, n = 2; CIN2, n = 21; CIN3, n = 87) and 10 patients with MiSCC, was examined using HE and Ki-67 immunostaining. The linear extent, lateral extent in the surface epithelia and depth of GI were significantly increased from CIN1 to MiSCC. A significant correlation was found between the linear extent and lateral extent, between the linear extent and depth, and between the lateral extent and depth. These results indicated that the size of the surface epithelial lesion and the depth in CIN gradually increased in accordance with the grade of CIN, and that GI became deeper according to the increase in the size of the surface epithelial lesion. The Ki-67 labeling index in the GI site gradually increased from CIN1 to MiSCC, which indicated that Ki-67 immunostaining is a useful marker for the pathological diagnosis of CIN from the GI site. [source] Immunohistochemical expression of CD95 (Fas), c-myc and epidermal growth factor receptor in hepatitis C virus infection, cirrhotic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma,APMIS, Issue 6 2006A. EL-BASSIOUNI Gene product expression in normal and chronic hepatitis C virus infection was determined in an attempt to improve our understanding of the molecular events leading to the development of cirrhosis and liver carcinoma. Activation of CD95 (Fas) causes apoptosis of cells and liver failure in mice and has been associated with human liver disorders. c-myc is involved in cell proliferation and EGFR in regeneration of cells. The material of the current study included 50 cases of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) (and negative hepatitis B virus infection), 29 cases of liver cirrhosis and HCV (LC), and 19 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and HCV (HCC) admitted to the Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) during the years 2003,2004. Ten wedge liver biopsies , taken during laparoscopic cholecystectomy , were included in the study as normal controls. Laboratory investigations, including liver function tests, serological markers for viral hepatitis and serum alpha fetoprotein level (,-FP), were determined for all cases. Histopathological study and immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies for CD95, c-myc and EGFR were also done. In CHC cases, the histological activity index (HAI) revealed more expression of Fas antigen in liver tissues with active inflammation than in those without active inflammation (p<0.01). EGFR and c-myc act synergistically in liver tumorigenesis. Upregulation of Fas in chronic hepatitis C infection and of c-myc & EGFR in malignant transformation was concluded from this study. c-myc expression may obstruct the induction of apoptosis of HCC cells and lead to uncontrolled cell growth. [source] Folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma arising within a port-wine stainCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2005C.-H. Yang Summary A 34-year-old woman presented with 2-year history of a dome-shaped papule on a well-circumscribed, thickened, port-wine stain on the left side of the chin. Squeezing on the port-wine-stain plaque revealed many comedos within dilated follicular orifices. The papule was excised and submitted for histological examination. Histopathological study showed a lobular neoplasm, comprising dilated, cystic pilosebaceous structures surrounded by fibrous stroma, bearing the characteristics of folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma. The reported case shows that, in addition to the vascular nature, both ectodermal and mesenchymal abnormalities may be involved in port-wine stains. [source] Molecular and muscle pathology in a series of caveolinopathy patients,HUMAN MUTATION, Issue 1 2005Luigi Fulizio Abstract Mutations in the caveolin-3 gene (CAV3) cause limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) type 1C (LGMD1C) and other muscle phenotypes. We screened 663 patients with various phenotypes of unknown etiology, for caveolin-3 protein deficiency, and we identified eight unreported caveolin-deficient patients (from seven families) in whom four CAV3 mutations had been detected (two are unreported). Following our wide screening, we estimated that caveolinopathies are 1% of both unclassified LGMD and other phenotypes, and demonstrated that caveolin-3 protein deficiency is a highly sensitive and specific marker of primary caveolinopathy. This is the largest series of caveolinopathy families in whom the effect of gene mutations has been analyzed for protein level and phenotype. We showed that the same mutation could lead to heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and muscle histopathological changes. To study the role of the Golgi complex in the pathological pathway of misfolded caveolin-3 oligomers, we performed a histopathological study on muscle biopsies from caveolinopathy patients. We documented normal caveolin-3 immunolabeling at the plasmalemma in some regenerating fibers showing a proliferation of the Golgi complex. It is likely that caveolin-3 overexpression occurring in regenerating fibers (compared with caveolin-deficient adult fibers) may lead to an accumulation of misfolded oligomers in the Golgi and to its consequent proliferation. Hum Mutat 25:82,89, 2005. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] S/e-PTFE episcleral buckling implants: An experimental and histopathologic studyJOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2002B. Mortemousque Abstract To investigate tissue changes induced by the implantation of a silicone band coated with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (S/e-PTFE) used as scleral buckling, an experimental and histopathological study was performed in rabbits. The right eyes of eight rabbits were implanted for 28,85 days with S/e-PTFE. No complications were encountered in any of the eyes, so histopathological examinations could be performed. Encapsulations combined with numerous giant cells were found to be surrounding the implants in seven eyes, and deposits from the mineral salts of calcium were found in three eyes, forming granulomas possibly caused by irregularities of the implant surface. The porous structure allowed a peripheral colonization by fibrovascular tissue. Taking into account the histological results, the use of this material does not appear suitable. However, this inflammation was limited and did not merge on surrounding tissues. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 63: 686,691, 2002 [source] Gnathodiaphyseal Dysplasia: A Syndrome of Fibro-Osseous Lesions of Jawbones, Bone Fragility, and Long Bone BowingJOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 9 2001Mara Riminucci Abstract We report an unusual generalized skeletal syndrome characterized by fibro-osseous lesions of the jawbones with a prominent psammomatoid body component, bone fragility, and bowing/sclerosis of tubular bones. The case fits with the emerging profile of a distinct syndrome with similarities to previously reported cases, some with an autosomal dominant inheritance and others sporadic. We suggest that the syndrome be named gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia. The patient had been diagnosed previously with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (PFD) elsewhere, but further clinical evaluation, histopathological study, and mutation analysis excluded this diagnosis. In addition to providing a novel observation of an as yet poorly characterized syndrome, the case illustrates the need for stringent diagnostic criteria for FD. The jaw lesions showed fibro-osseous features with the histopathological characteristics of cemento-ossifying fibroma, psammomatoid variant. This case emphasizes that the boundaries between genuine GNAS1 mutation-positive FD and other fibro-osseous lesions occurring in the jawbones should be kept sharply defined, contrary to a prevailing tendency in the literature. A detailed pathological study revealed previously unreported features of cemento-ossifying fibroma, including the participation of myofibroblasts and the occurrence of psammomatoid bodies and aberrant mineralization, within the walls of blood vessels. Transplantation of stromal cells grown from the lesion into immunocompromised mice resulted in a close mimicry of the native lesion, including the sporadic formation of psammomatoid bodies, suggesting an intrinsic abnormality of bone-forming cells. [source] Lupus erythematosus: clinical and histopathological study of oral manifestations and immunohistochemical profile of epithelial maturationJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 10 2006Silvia Vanessa Lourenço Background:, Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause. Prevalence of oral involvement in patients with LE is uncertain but may vary from 9 to 45% in patients with systemic disease and from 3 to 20% in patients with chronic cutaneous involvement. Methods:, Incidence of oral lesions of LE and their clinical aspects were investigated. Their histopathologic features were analyzed, and the status of epithelial maturation was assessed through the expression patterns of cytokeratins. Results:, Twenty-six patients (from 188 examined) presented oral lesions of LE. Most of them were females (19) with systemic disease (11). Clinical aspects of these lesions varied, and lips and buccal mucosa were most affected. Histologically, lesions revealed lichenoid mucositis with perivascular infiltrate and thickening of basement. Cytokeratins profile showed hyperproliferative epithelium, with expression of CK5/6, and CK14 on all epithelial layers, CK16 on all suprabasal layers and CK10 on prickle cell layers only. Conclusions:, Oral lesions of LE show a variety of aspects, and their microscopic features are of a lichenoid mucositis with deep inflammatory infiltrate. Cytokeratins expression patterns are of hyperproliferative epithelium, and this phenomenon must be analyzed in relation to the inflammatory cytokines for a better understanding of the mechanisms of the disease. [source] Cutaneous pseudolymphoma in association with molluscum contagiosum in an elderly patientJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 7 2003D. Moreno-Ramírez Background:, Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common cutaneous infection, which has been reported in association with cutaneous pseudolymphoma in few cases. Methods:, A 72-year-old woman with a nodule arising on the external canthus was reviewed. The lesion was surgically removed, and the histopathological study demonstrated an epidermal invagination filled by molluscum bodies and a diffuse infiltrate comprising atypical lymphocytes. Results:, Immunohistochemical stains disclosed predominance of T cells with positive CD30 labeling. Polymerase chain reaction failed to demonstrate clonal rearrangement of the T-cell receptor. Conclusion:, After ruling out systemic involvement, the patient was followed up for 2 years with no evidence of recurrence. We report this case to the best of our knowledge and discuss the literature about atypical clinical and histological presentations of MC. [source] Reflux esophagitis facilitates low Helicobacter pylori infection rate and gastric inflammationJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 8 2002Tae Jung Jang Abstract Background:Helicobacter pylori is regarded as an important pathogen in upper gastrointestinal diseases. However, little is known about the relationship between H. pylori infection and reflux esophagitis. Therefore, an investigation was undertaken in Korean subjects regarding the incidence of H. pylori infection, and a histopathological study of reflux esophagitis was also carried out. Methods: Analysis of gastric biopsy specimens was conducted for 73 patients with reflux esophagitis and 132 control subjects without reflux esophagitis. The H. pylori infection was assessed by using rapid urease test and the immunohistochemical method, and gastric mucosal morphologic change was analyzed according to the updated Sydney system. Results: The prevalence of H. pylori infection was significantly lower in patients with reflux esophagitis than in the non-reflux group. Grade of inflammation and glandular atrophy in the antrum and body were higher in patients in the non-reflux group compared with those in the reflux esophagitis group. Conclusions: It is suggested that H. pylori infection decreases the risk of reflux esophagitis by inducing atrophic gastritis. © 2002 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd [source] A histopathological study of lymphoepithelial island formation in labial salivary glands in patients with primary Sjögren's syndromeJOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE, Issue 3 2000Yukiko Yamamura Abstract: The proliferative status of lymphoepithelial islands in the labial salivary glands of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients was investigated by counting the number of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) in epithelial cells constituting the islands. The islands were classified into four groups and evaluated in terms of total area and three discrete zones of the islands. In each pSS group, the mean AgNOR number per total island epithelial cell nucleus was significantly higher than in control ductal epithelial cells. The zonal AgNOR number fluctuated during the process of island formation but became more uniform as the islands developed. Furthermore, statistically significant trends among the four pSS groups were observed in the ratio of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and plasma cells surrounding the islands. The results indicated that the islands are highly proliferative once island formation begins and that zonal island cell proliferation may be associated with the inflammatory cells. [source] The Accuracy of Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Chronic RhinosinusitisTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 1 2003Neil Bhattacharyya MD Abstract Objective To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Study Design Prospective dual cohort study. Methods One hundred seventy-one consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS were evaluated with CT and staged according to the Lund system. Histopathological findings from sinus specimens were reviewed and graded. A second contemporaneous control group of 130 patients undergoing CT of the sinus regions for other reasons but without a diagnosis of CRS was also staged. Sensitivity, specificity, and the receiver,operator characteristic were determined for the sinus CT in the diagnosis of CRS. Positive and negative predictive values were also computed. Results In the disease-positive group of patients with CRS, the mean Lund score was 9.8 (95% confidence interval, 9.0,10.6). The mean inflammatory grade on histopathological study was 2.3 (range, 0,4). For the control group (without disease), the mean Lund score was 4.3 (95% confidence interval, 3.5,5.0). The AUC for the receiver,operator characteristic was 0.802 (P <.001). Selecting a Lund score cut-off value of greater than 2 as abnormal, the sinus CT exhibited sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 41%, respectively. Increasing the cut-off value to 4 changed the sensitivity and specificity to 85% and 59%, respectively. Conclusions The paranasal sinus CT scan exhibits good sensitivity and above-average specificity for the diagnosis of CRS. When added to the history and physical findings, CT may add to the diagnostic accuracy of CRS. [source] Myoepithelial carcinoma of the orbit: a clinicopathological and histopathological studyAPMIS, Issue 4 2010THUY LINH TRAN Tran TL, Broholm H, Daugaard S, Fugleholm K, Poulsgaard L, Prause JU, Kennedy SM, Heegaard S. Myoepithelial carcinoma of the orbit: a clinicopathological and histopathological study. APMIS 2010; 118: 324,30. Two cases of invasive myoepithelial carcinoma arising from the paranasal sinuses and invading the orbit are presented. Patient 1, a 53-year-old man, had a 3-month history of proptosis, pain and epiphora of the right eye. The second patient, a 24-year-old man, had for a week been complaining of protrusion of his left eye and of orbital pain. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed tumour masses in the frontal, ethmoidal and maxillary sinuses with invasion of the orbit and the frontal lobe. Biopsies from both cases showed spindle and epithelioid tumour cells. Mitotic figures were frequent. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive reaction for bcl-2, calponin, cytokeratins, CD99, S100, muscle-specific antigen, smooth muscle antigen and vimentin. The Ki-67 index was between 30,50% and 5,25%, respectively. Ultrastructurally, intermediate filaments, perinuclear tonofilaments and desmosomes were present. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of myoepithelial carcinoma of mixed cell type in both cases was evident. Both patients died shortly after the diagnosis was made even though both underwent radical surgery. Myoepithelial carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses is very rare and only six cases have been reported previously. We present the first two cases of myoepithelial carcinoma in the paranasal sinuses with invasion of the orbit. This is also the first report of myoepithelial carcinoma arising in the ethmoidal sinus. [source] A light- and electron-microscopic histopathological study of human bladder mucosa after intravesical resiniferatoxin applicationBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 4 2001C. Silva Objective To determine the morphology of bladder mucosa and the integrity of its mucin coat in patients with detrusor hyper-reflexia treated with intravesical resiniferatoxin. Patients and methods Seven patients with detrusor hyper-reflexia were treated intravesically with resiniferatoxin dissolved in 10% ethanol in saline (50 nmol/L solution in two and 100 nmol/L in five). Patients were clinically evaluated by a voiding chart and filling cystometry before and 3 months after each resiniferatoxin application. In addition, they underwent cystoscopy and bladder biopsies at 22,33 months after the first instillation and at 7,23 months after the last one. Tissue samples for light microscopy were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and stained with haematoxylin-eosin or periodic acid-Schiff reagent (PAS). Those for electron microscopy were fixed in 5% glutaraldehyde and embedded in resin. Results The resiniferatoxin instillation was not painful. Three months after treatment the mean voiding frequency decreased and five incontinent patients became continent. The maximum cystometric capacity increased in all patients; at cystoscopy the bladders appeared normal. On light microscopy the urothelium was of normal morphology and stained with PAS in the luminal cells and in the basement membrane. Mononuclear inflammatory cells were occasionally apparent in the lamina propria. On electron microscopy epithelial cells were visible in a thick basal lamina. Superficial cells had the usual irregular contour and contained numerous membrane-coated vesicles. In the lamina propria, unmyelinated axonal profiles with occasional varicosities could be identified. Conclusions Intravesical resiniferatoxin improved urinary frequency, incontinence and bladder capacity in patients with detrusor hyper-reflexia, causing no morphological change in the bladder mucosa. The PAS reactivity of the carbohydrate moieties present in the mucin coat and the basement membrane was unchanged by resiniferatoxin. [source] | |||||||||||||