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Histopathological Classification (histopathological + classification)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Cellulite: nature and aetiopathogenesis

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE, Issue 3 2006
F. Terranova
Abstract Only a limited number of studies on cellulite have been published in the international literature and many of them reach somewhat antithetical conclusions. Consequently, it is not yet possible to reconcile the extreme differences of opinion which have lingered on for years concerning the nature of this disorder, as well as its origin and even the most basic aspects of its histopathological classification. It does not even have a recognized name: in fact, the term ,cellulitis' is used in scientific English to indicate a spreading gangrenous infection of the subcutaneous cellular tissue. The other terms used from time to time [panniculitis, lipodystrophy, edematofibrosclerotic panniculitis (EFP), liposclerosis, lipoedema, etc.] have quite different morphological and pathogenetic connotations in general. Over the last few decades, three major conflicting theories have emerged in relation to the ethiopathogenesis of cellulite. These indicate, respectively, the following causes: 1. Oedema caused by excessive hydrophilia of the intercellular matrix. 2. A homeostatic alteration on a regional microcirculatory level; this pathogenetic theory is summarized in a synthetic and self-explanatory denomination: EFP. 3. A peculiar anatomical conformation of the subcutaneous tissue of women, different from male morphology. These theories must all now be updated in the light of recent advances on the sophisticated and composite physiopathology of the adipose organ , which acts not only as a control device which regulates the systematic equilibrium of energy and modulates the food intake and the metabolism of other tissue substrate through a multiple glandular secretion of hormones and parahormones. Résumé Seulement un nombre limité d'études sur la cellulite a été publié dans la littérature internationale et beaucoup de ces articles arrivent à des conclusions plutôt antithétiques. Par conséquent, actuellement il est impossible de reconcilier les opinions extrèmement différentes concernant la nature de ce désordre, ainsi que son origine, de même que les aspects les plus basilaires de sa classification histopathologique. Le nom même de cette affection n'est pas reconnu: en fait le terme ,, cellulite ''est utilisé dans le language scientifique pour indiquer une inflammation du tissu cellulaire sous-cutané, d'origine infectieuse. Les autres termes employés de temps an temps tels que panniculopathie, lipodystrophie, panniculopathie oedémato-fibroscléreuse, liposclérose, lipoedème etc. ont en general des connotations morphologiques e pathogénétiques tout à fait différentes. Au cours des dernières décennies, trois principales théories contradictoires ont émergé pour ce qui concerne l'etiopathologie dela cellulite. Chacune théorie indique respectivement les suivantes causes: 1. Oedème causé par excessive hydrophilie de la matrice intercellulaire. 2. Altération parcellaire de l'homeostase au niveau microcirculatoire ; cette théorie pathogénétique est résumée à l'intérieur de la synthétique et explicite dénomination: panniculopathie oedémato-fibroscléreuse. 3. Particulière conformation anatomique du tissu sous-cutané chez la femme, différente par rapport à l'homme. Ces théories doivent toutes être mises à jour, à la lumière des recents développements concernant la sophistiquée et composée physiopathologie de l'adipocyte, qui n'agit pas seulement comme entrepôt de stockage du matériel calorique en excès mais aussi comme dispositif de régulation de l'équilibre énergetique systémique, avec la capacitè de moduler l'ingestion d'aliments et le métabolisme d'autres substrats tissutaires. La révision de ces théories doit être faite aussi sur la base des nouvelles acquisitions concernant la modalitè attravers laquelle cet organe règle les multiples sécrétions hormonales et parahormonales. [source]

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Histological Classification of Intracranial Meningiomas in 112 Dogs

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 3 2008
B.K. Sturges
Background: Intracranial meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors in dogs. Classification of meningiomas by tumor grade and subtype has not been reported, and the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics for predicting tumor subtype and grade has not been investigated. Hypothesis: Canine intracranial meningiomas are a heterogenous group of tumors with differing histological subtypes and grades. Prediction of histopathological classification is possible based on MRI characteristics. Animals: One hundred and twelve dogs with a histological diagnosis of intracranial meningioma. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Results: Meningiomas were overrepresented in the Golden Retriever and Boxer breeds with no sex predilection. The incidence of specific tumor grades was 56% benign (Grade I), 43% atypical (Grade II), and 1% malignant (Grade III). Grade I histological subtypes included meningothelial (43%), transitional (40%), microcystic (8%), psammomatous (6%), and angiomatous (3%). No statistically significant (P < .05) associations were found among tumor subtype or grade and any of the MRI features studied. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Meningiomas in dogs differ from their counterparts in humans mainly in their higher incidence of atypical (Grade II) tumors observed. MRI characteristics do not allow for prediction of meningioma subtype or grade, emphasizing the necessity of histopathology for antemortem diagnosis. The higher incidence of atypical tumors in dogs may contribute to the poorer therapeutic response in dogs with meningiomas as compared with the response in humans with meningiomas. [source]

Ultrasonography and Cystic Hyperplasia,Pyometra Complex in the Bitch

REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS, Issue 3 2004
E Bigliardi
Contents Cystic endometrial hyperplasia,pyometra complex is the most frequent and important endometrial disorder encountered in bitches. The pathogenesis of the disease is related to the activity of progesterone [Feldman and Nelson, Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction (1996) W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia]. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) is an abnormal response of the bitch's uterus to ovarian hormones [De Bosschere et al. Theriogenology (2001) 55, 1509]. CEH is considered by many authors to be an exaggerated response of the uterus to chronic progestational stimulation during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle, causing an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the endometrial glands and uterine lumen (De Bosschere et al. 2001). The resulting lesions of pyometra are due to the interaction between bacteria and hormones. The aim of this study was to evaluate if transabdominal uterine ultrasonography can be a useful and reliable diagnostic method to confirm Dow's [Veterinary Record (1958) 70, 1102] and De Bosschere's histopathological classification of CEH,pyometra complex. The study was carried out on 45 bitches with pyometra, 10 purebreeds and 35 crossbreeds, 1,15 years old, 20% of which had whelped at least once. None of these animals had received exogenous oestrogen or progesterone treatment. On admission the 45 animals were in the luteal phase of the oestrus cycle. Clinical signs, blood parameters, uterine ultrasonography, bacterial swabs and uterine histopalogical results were recorded. Results suggest that ultrasonographic examination is a useful and reliable tool for the diagnosis of cystic endometrial hyperplasia. [source]

Gene expression profiling of colorectal cancer and metastases divides tumours according to their clinicopathological stage

THE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2004
Astrid Koehler
Abstract Gene expression profiling of matched colorectal carcinomas and metastases could reveal key molecular events involved in tumour progression and metastasis. Expression profiles have been created from 25 colorectal carcinomas (CRCs, pT1,4), corresponding normal colonic mucosa, and 14 liver metastases using cDNA arrays containing 1176 cancer-related genes (Clontech). Hierarchical clustering clearly distinguished carcinomas from non-cancerous tissues, separated tumours into high-stage (pT4 and extensive lymph node or distant metastases) and low-stage (,pT3) groups, and correlated with the histopathological classification in 87% (33/38 cases). Most primary tumours and matched liver metastases clustered on terminal branches of the dendrogram. Statistical analysis (Mann,Whitney U -test) revealed 40 tumour-specific genes (29 up-regulated, 11 down-regulated) which allowed identification of malignant tissue samples by cluster analysis. A specific expression signature in matching metastases was not found, but a set of 23 classifier genes with statistically significant expression patterns in high- and low-stage tumours was identified. These genes may represent important targets in colorectal carcinogenesis and might provide useful clinicopathological tools in the management of colorectal cancer. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]