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Histological Outcome (histological + outcome)
Selected AbstractsUSE OF PORCINE SMALL INTESTINAL SUBMUCOSA IN BLADDER AUGMENTATION IN RABBIT: LONG-TERM HISTOLOGICAL OUTCOMEANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 1-2 2008Ali Ayyildiz Aim: To investigate long-term histological features of bladder augmentation using porcine small intestine submucosa (SIS) in a rabbit model. Materials and method: Sixteen New Zealand rabbits were used. Porcine SIS was provided by a manufactured formation derived from the pig. After partial cystectomy was carried out on the bladder, a single layer of SIS (Cook® -SIS Technology, Cook Biotech Incorporated, West Lafayette, IN, USA) (2 × 5 cm) was sewn to bladder with continuous 5/0 vicryl suture material in a watertight manner. Urinary diversion was not used. The rabbits were killed 12 months later and perivesical fat was removed together with bladder. The 5-,m preparations taken from the samples were stained with haematoxylin,eosin and Mason's trichrome dye. S-100 and F8 stains were also used for immunohistochemical investigations. Results: The macroscopic view of bladder was normal. SIS was indistinguishable from normal bladder wall, but the region of the graft had a slight white coloration. Microscopic observations showed the continuity of transitional epithelium of host bladder tissue on SIS material. Detrusor and serosal layers were formed and these layers were indistinguishable from host bladder. Fibroblasts were scattered among the collagen fibrils. New vessel formations were present without lymphatic proliferation. Nerve regeneration was excellent. No inflammation was observed in normal and regenerated bladder wall. Conclusion: At the end of 12 months, the long-term histological features of bladder augmentation with porcine SIS in a rabbit model, such as presence of new vessel formations, nerve regeneration, collagen and smooth muscle regenerations, which were indistinguishable from original bladder, and the absence of inflammation, showed that SIS seems to be a viable alternative to the use of intestine in bladder augmentation. [source] The fine needle aspiration biopsy diagnostic criteria of proliferative breast lesions: A retrospective statistical analysis of criteria for papillomas and radial scar lesionsDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 7 2007Andrew Field F.R.C.P.A. Abstract This study aimed to analyze statistically the accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy cytological criteria in diagnosing epithelial hyperplasia with atypia (EHA), papillary lesions (PAP), and radial scar/complex sclerosing lesions (RS/CSL). The 42 criteria studied were extracted from a literature review and those developed and used in our department. Cytological cases with diagnoses of EHA, PAP, and RS/CSL for the period of 1997,2001 were correlated with relevant histological follow-up and the positive predictive power of these diagnoses have been presented in an earlier publication. Some 77 cases with definite, specific histological diagnoses of atypia or a more severe lesion, PAP and RS/CSL, were reviewed and scored using 55 cytological criteria. As the group of EHA and RS/CSL yielded a smaller number of cases, these were grouped together in the statistical analysis and compared to PAP. The cytological features, which were most diagnostic for PAP, were stellate (Odds ratio 1.75) and meshwork (Odds ratio 3.29) tissue fragments, while the presence of tubular structures was inversely proportional to the histological outcome of PAP. True papillary fragments were uncommon and not statistically significant in diagnosing PAP of the breast. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:386,397. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] A prospective study on the natural course of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and the presence of HPV16 E2-, E6- and E7-specific T-cell responsesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 1 2010Yin Ling Woo Abstract This study investigates the clinical course of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), HPV status and HPV16-specific immune response in a large prospective study of 125 women with LSIL followed cytologically, virologically and histologically. Women with low-grade abnormal smears were recruited and followed-up for one year. Colposcopy, cervical biopsy for histology and brushings for HPV typing was performed at recruitment, 6 months (no biopsy) and upon completion of the study at one year. HPV16-specific T-cell responses were analysed by interferon-, ELISPOT at entry, 6 and 12 months. Infection with multiple HPV types was detected in 70% of all patients, HPV16 was found in 42% of the patients. LSIL lesions progressed to HSIL in 24%, persisted in 60% and regressed to normal in 16% of the patients. No difference was observed in the clearance rate of infections with single or multiple HPV types among the groups with a different histological outcome. HPV16-specific type 1 T-cell responses were detected in only half of the patients with an HPV16+ LSIL, and predominantly reactive to HPV16 E2 and E6. Interestingly, the presence of HPV16 E2-specific T-cell responses correlated with absence of progression of HPV16+ lesions (p = 0.005) while the detection of HPV16 E6 specific reactivity was associated with persistence (p = 0.05). This large prospective study showed that the majority of LSIL persisted or progressed within the first year. This was paralleled by immune failure as most of the patients with an HPV16+ LSIL failed to react to peptides of HPV16 E2, E6 or E7. [source] Nerve perforation with pencil point or short bevelled needles: histological outcomeACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 8 2010T. STEINFELDT Background: In the case of needle nerve contact during peripheral blocks, pencil point needles are considered less traumatic compared with bevelled needles. However, there are not enough data to prove this notion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to challenge the hypothesis that nerve perforation with short bevelled needles is associated with major nerve damage compared with pencil point needles. Methods: In five anaesthetised pigs, the brachial plexus was exposed bilaterally. Up to eight nerves underwent needle nerve perforation using a pencil point needles cannula or an short bevelled needle. After 48 h, the nerves were resected. The specimens were processed for visual examination and the detection of inflammatory cells (haematoxylin,eosin, i.e. CD68-immunohistochemistry to detect macrophages), myelin damage (Kluver,Barrera staining) and intraneural haematoma. The grade of nerve injury was characterised by an objective score ranging from 0 (no injury) to 4 (severe injury). Results: Fifty nerves were examined. According to the injury score applied, there was no significant difference between the pencil point needles [median (inter-quartile range) 2.0 (2.0,2.0)] and the short bevelled-needle group [median 2.0 (2.0,2.0) P=0.23]. No myelin damage was observed. Signs of post-traumatic inflammation were equally distributed among both groups. Conclusions: In the present study, the magnitude of nerve injury after needle nerve perforation was not related to one of the applied needle types. Post-traumatic inflammation rather than structural damage of nerve tissue is the only notable sign of nerve injury after needle nerve perforation with either needle type. However, neither the pencil point- nor the short bevelled needle can be designated a less traumatic device. [source] Complete recovery of intestinal mucosa occurs very rarely in adult coeliac patients despite adherence to gluten-free dietALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 12 2009A. LANZINI Summary Background, Expected benefits of gluten-free diet (GFD) in coeliac patients include healing of small intestinal mucosa, but it remains unclear to what extent this benefit is achieved in adults. Aim, To assess factors affecting histological outcome of GFD in a large cohort of adult coeliac patients. Methods, We extracted information on 465 consecutive coeliac patients studied before and during GFD. Results, Duodenal biopsies at diagnosis were classified as Marsh I in 11, II in 25 and III in 429 cases. After a median 16 months GFD, 38 (8%) patients had histological ,normalization', 300 (65%) had ,remission' with persistent intraepithelial lymphocytosis, 121(26%) had ,no change' and 6 (1%) had ,deterioration'. Coeliac disease related serology was negative in 83% of patients with Marsh III lesion during GFD. Male gender and adherence to GFD were independently associated with histological ,normalization' and ,remission'. Persistence of intraepithelial lymphocytosis was not associated with human lymphocyte antigen gene dose or with Helicobacter pylori infection. Conclusions, Complete normalization of duodenal lesions is exceptionally rare in adult coeliac patients despite adherence to GFD, symptoms disappearance and negative CD related serology. Control biopsies are mandatory to identify lack of response to gluten-free diet. [source] Histological assessment of augmented jaw bone utilizing a new collagen barrier membrane compared to a standard barrier membrane to protect a granular bone substitute materialCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 6 2002A randomized clinical trial Abstract: Successful bone augmentation requires predictable space maintenance and adequate exclusion of those cells that lack osteogenetic potential from the defect area. Natural bone mineral is considered to be osteoconductive and is used as space maker in combination with membrane barrier techniques. The aim of this study was to compare qualitative histological results achieved by using deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) as a space maintainer and a new collagen barrier (OssixÔ, test group) vs. the same bone substitute and the standard e-PTFE membrane (Gore-Tex®, control group). Twenty-eight patients were randomly assigned to the test or the control group. Seven months after augmentation procedures, biopsies were obtained at reentry and were analysed histomorphometrically. In all, 14 specimens of group I (test group, OssixÔ) and 13 specimens of group II (controls, PTFE-membranes) showed close qualitative similarity of their histologies. Histomorphometrically, total mineralized bone area was 42% ± 18% in group I vs. 39% ± 15% in group II. The unmineralized tissue area was 44% ± 15% vs. 46% ± 12% and the area of DBBM remnants 14% ± 9% and 15% ± 12%, respectively. The differences were statistically nonsignificant (Mann,Whitney test). The occurrence of barrier exposure did not interfere with the histological outcome either in the test or in the control group. The new collagen barrier combined with the DBBM provided qualitative bone regeneration comparable to the standard e-PTFE material combined with the same mineral. [source] Clinical and histological evaluation of an acellular dermal matrix allograft in combination with the coronally advanced flap in the treatment of miller class I recession defects: an experimental study in the mini-pigJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 6 2009Javier Núñez Abstract Objectives: To study the wound healing of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) allografts when used together with coronally advanced flaps (CAF) in the treatment of localized gingival recessions in the mini-pig experimental model. Material and Methods: Dehiscence defects 4 × 5 mm were surgically created in one buccal root surface in each quadrant of PI, II, or III in three mini-pigs. They were then treated with CAF and the interposition of either a connective tissue graft (CTG) or ADM. As the primary outcome, the histological interface between the ADM and the root surface was studied and was compared with CTG. As secondary outcomes, we assessed the amount and quality of the keratinized tissue and clinical outcomes in terms of root coverage and recession reduction. Results: At 3 months, the CTG group attained a mean 76% root coverage, versus 62% in the ADM group. The histological interface with the root surface was similar in both groups. The apical migration of the epithelium was 1.79±0.46 mm for the CTG and 1.21±0.35 mm for ADM. Newly formed cementum was observed with both treatments. New bone and a newly formed periodontal ligament were shown in five specimens in the ADM group and in three in the CTG group. Conclusion: Both materials showed similar clinical and histological outcomes. [source] The neuronal apoptotic death in global cerebral ischemia in gerbil: Important role for sodium channel modulator,JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH, Issue 6 2009Manoja Kumar Brahma Abstract Global ischemia was induced in gerbil by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries for 5 min. Sodium ionophore monensin or sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX) was administered at doses of 10 ,g/kg, i.p., 30 min before ischemia induction; the dose was repeated after 22 hr. Subsequently, brain infarct occurred, determined at 24 hr after occlusion. Large, well-demarcated infarcts were observed in both hemispheres, an important observation because it critically influences the interpretation of the data. Because nitric oxide (NO) production is thought to be related to ischemic neuronal damage, we examined increases in Ca2+ influx, which lead to the activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Then we evaluated the contributions of neuronal NOS, endothelial NOS, and inducible NOS to NO production in brain cryosections. The cytosolic release of apoptogenic molecules like cytochrome c and p53 were confirmed after 24 hr of reflow. TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling) labeling detected the apoptotic cells, which were confirmed in neuron-rich cell populations. After 24 hr, all the ischemic changes were amplified by monensin and significantly attenuated by TTX treatment. Additionally, the nesting behavior and histological outcomes were examined after 7 day of reflow. The neuronal damage in the hippocampal area and significant decrease in nesting scores were observed with monensin treatment and reduced by TTX pretreatment after day 7 of reflow. To our knowledge, this report is the first to highlight the involvement of the voltage-sensitive Na+ channel in possibly regulating in part NO system and apoptosis in a cytochrome c,dependent manner in global ischemia in the gerbil, and thus warrants further investigation. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||