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High-level Synthesis (high-level + synthesis)

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Life Sciences50%

Selected Abstracts

High-level synthesis by dynamic ant

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 1-2 2004
Rachaporn Keinprasit
In this article, a new algorithm called dynamic ant is introduced. It was a combination of ant colony optimization (ACO) techniques and the dynamic niche sharing scheme. The interesting point of this algorithm is that it is implemented easily and could be well matched with existing design algorithms by adding the heuristic weights to speed up the algorithm. The algorithm uses the problem state structure as in the reinforcement-learning algorithm, but the storage explosion is prevented by means of the pheromone trail. This algorithm was investigated for the data path design problem of high-level synthesis of which has a large number of design steps and design techniques. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

Role for CXCR2 and CXCL1 on glia in multiple sclerosis

GLIA, Issue 1 2006
Kakuri M. Omari
Abstract As part of a need to understand myelin repair mechanisms, molecular pathways underlying oligodendrocyte behavior and central nervous system (CNS) remyelination are currently key topics in multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, we report expression of a chemoattractant receptor of the immune system, the chemokine receptor, CXCR2, on normal and proliferating oligodendrocytes in active MS lesions. Proliferating oligodendrocytes were occasionally associated with reactive astrocytes positive for CXCL1 (GRO-,), the ligand for CXCR2. CXCL1 expression was not seen on astrocytes in control and normal CNS tissue, while CXCR2 expression was constitutive on oligodendrocytes. At the functional level, following stimulation with the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1, (IL-1,), we found high-level synthesis of CXCL1 by human fetal astrocytes in vitro. In contrast, human oligodendrocytes in culture expressed the receptor, CXCR2, constitutively. We propose that the concurrence of CXCR2 on oligodendrocytes and induced CXCL1 on hypertrophic astrocytes in MS provides a novel mechanism for recruitment of oligodendrocytes to areas of damage, an essential prerequisite for lesion repair in this devastating human condition. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

High-level synthesis by dynamic ant

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 1-2 2004
Rachaporn Keinprasit
In this article, a new algorithm called dynamic ant is introduced. It was a combination of ant colony optimization (ACO) techniques and the dynamic niche sharing scheme. The interesting point of this algorithm is that it is implemented easily and could be well matched with existing design algorithms by adding the heuristic weights to speed up the algorithm. The algorithm uses the problem state structure as in the reinforcement-learning algorithm, but the storage explosion is prevented by means of the pheromone trail. This algorithm was investigated for the data path design problem of high-level synthesis of which has a large number of design steps and design techniques. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

Sustained High-Yield Production of Recombinant Proteins in Transiently Transfected COS-7 Cells Grown on Trimethylamine-Coated (Hillex) Microcarrier Beads

BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 1 2003
Randall N. Knibbs
The present study shows that COS-7 cells transiently transfected and maintained on positively charged (trimethylamine-coated) microcarrier beads synthesize recombinant protein at higher levels and for longer periods of time than cells transfected and maintained on polystyrene flasks in monolayer culture. Sustained, high-level synthesis was observed with secreted chimeric proteins (murine E-selectin, and P-selectin-human IgM chimeras) and a secreted hematopoietic growth factor (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor). Studies with green fluorescent protein indicated that the transfected cells attached more firmly to the trimethylamine-coated microcarriers than to polystyrene flasks. After 10,14 days in culture, most of the transfected cells detached from the surface of the polystyrene flasks, whereas most transfected cells remained attached to the microcarriers. The transiently transfected microcarrier cultures produced higher levels of protein per transfected cell due to this prolonged attachment. The prolonged attachment and higher output of transfected cells on microcarriers resulted in a 5-fold increase in protein production from a single transfection over two weeks. Thus, microcarrier-based transient transfection yields quantities of recombinant proteins with a significant savings of time and reagents over monolayer culture. [source]