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High Success Rate (high + success_rate)
Selected AbstractsA Refined Surgical Treatment Modality for Bromhidrosis: Double W Incision Approach with Tumescent TechniqueDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 8 2009HANG LI PHD BACKGROUND Axillary bromhidrosis has a strong negative effect on one's social life. A high success rate and few complications are criteria for an ideal treatment method. OBJECTIVE To evaluate a new surgical treatment modality for bromhidrosis: Double W incision with full-exposure excision under tumescent anesthesia. MATERIALS & METHODS Twenty patients with bromhidrosis were treated. Patients were placed in a supine position with their treated arms abducted to 110°. After injection of 60 mL of tumescent solution into each axilla, two small W incisions were made at the superior and inferior axillary poles of the hair-bearing area. The whole hair-bearing skin was undermined at the level of the superficial fat to obtain adequate skin eversion. The flaps were everted to offer full exposure of the apocrine glands, and meticulous excision of each gland was performed. Finally, the incisions were re-approximated, and bulky compressive dressings were applied to the area for 72 hours. RESULTS Of the 40 axillae (20 patients), 32 (80.0%) showed excellent results, and eight (20.0%) had good results. Malodor was significantly decreased. There were no serious complications. CONCLUSION This technique can produce excellent results with a lower complication rate than most other surgical modalities and can be performed without costly equipment. [source] Do the old psychostimulant drugs have a role in managing treatment-resistant depression?ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 4 2010G. Parker Parker G, Brotchie H. Do the old psychostimulant drugs have a role in managing treatment-resistant depression? Objective:, As the authors have observed clinical benefit from the psychostimulants methylphenidate and dexamphetamine for treating resistant melancholic and bipolar depression, those drugs were evaluated in a consecutively recruited sample of 50 such patients. Method:, Patients (27 bipolar, 23 unipolar) received either methylphenidate (n = 44) or dexamphetamine (n = 6), with 30 having it prescribed as an augmenting drug and 20 as monotherapy. At the final review, ranging from 6 weeks to 62 months (mean 57 weeks), 52% were still receiving their psychostimulant. Results:, Thirty-four per cent reported the psychostimulant as distinctly improving their depression, 30% reported some level of improvement and 36% reported no improvement and/or side-effects. For improvers, the modal dose of methylphenidate was 20 mg. Significant side-effects were reported by 18% (including one manic response), switching was rare and limited to the bipolar subjects, and most side-effects were minor. Any positive response occurred rapidly and loss of efficacy was rare. Testing of tricyclic levels in some patients suggested that stimulant drugs may raise tricyclic levels in those who are rapid metabolizers. Conclusion:, Although this study was not controlled, the high success rate in a diagnostically refined sample implies that the psychostimulants may be efficacious for patients with melancholic and bipolar depression who have failed to respond to orthodox antidepressant drugs. [source] Sclerosing Foam in the Treatment of Varicose Veins and Telangiectases: History and Analysis of Safety and ComplicationsDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 1 2002Alessandro Frullini MD objective. To review the use of sclerosing foam in the treatment of varicose veins, to describe the different techniques of foam preparation, and to report the complications of our 3-year experience with this treatment. method. From November 1997 to the end of October 2000, 453 patients were treated with a sclerosing foam for large, medium, and minor varicosities with sodium tetradecylsulfate (STS) or polidocanol (POL). A first group of 257 patients (90 for minor varicosities and 167 for medium to large veins) received a sclerosing foam according to the Monfreux technique. From December 1999 to October 2000, 196 patients were treated with a sclerosing foam prepared according to Tessari's method (36 for minor size veins or teleangectasias and 170 for medium-large veins). Every patient was studied with (color-flow) duplex scanning before and after the treatment and large vein injections were administered under duplex guide. results. The immediate success rate was 88.1% in the first group for the medium-large veins. In the same districts we registered an early success rate in 93.3% for the patients treated with the Tessari's method. The complication rate (mostly minor complications) was 8.5% in the first group and 7.1% in the second group. conclusion. The use of sclerosing foam may become an established therapy in the treatment of varicose veins with a high success rate, low cost, and low major complication rate. According to our actual experience and knowledge, the safe amount of foam should not exceed the 3-ml limit, but further advancements could come from standardization of the foam preparation technique. [source] ENDOSCOPIC OCCLUSION OF CYSTIC DUCT USING N -BUTYL CYANOACRYLATE FOR POSTOPERATIVE BILE LEAKAGEDIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY, Issue 4 2010Eric K. Ganguly Bile leak after cholecystectomy is well described, with the cystic duct remnant the site of the leak in the majority of cases. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with biliary stent placement has a high success rate in such cases. When ERCP fails, options include surgery, and percutaneous and endoscopic transcatheter occlusion of the site of bile leak. Here, we describe a case of endoscopic transcatheter occlusion of a persistent cystic duct bile leak after cholecystectomy using N -butyl cyanoacrylate glue. A 51-year-old man had persistent pain and bilious drainage following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The bile leak persisted after endoscopic placement of a biliary stent for a confirmed cystic duct leak. A repeat ERCP was carried out and the cystic duct was occluded with a combination of angiographic coils and N -butyl cyanoacrylate glue. The patient's pain and bilious drainage resolved. A follow-up cholangiogram confirmed complete resolution of the cystic duct leak and a patent common bile duct. [source] Emergency Nurses' Utilization of Ultrasound Guidance for Placement of Peripheral Intravenous Lines in Difficult-access PatientsACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 12 2004Larry Brannam MD Objectives: Emergency nurses (ENs) typically place peripheral intravenous (IV) lines, but if repeated attempts fail, emergency physicians have to obtain peripheral or central access. The authors describe the patient population for which ultrasound (US)-guided peripheral IVs are used and evaluate the success rates for such lines by ENs. Methods: This was a prospective observational study of ENs in a Level I trauma center with a census of 75,000, performing US-guided IV line placement on difficult-to-stick patients (repeated blind IV placement failure or established history). ENs were trained on an inanimate model after a 45-minute lecture. Surveys were filled out after each US-guided IV attempt on a patient. ENs could decline to fill out surveys, which recorded the reason for use of US, type of patient, and success. Successful cannulation was confirmed by drawing blood and flushing fluids. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluated data. Results: A total of 321 surveys were collected in a five-month period no ENs declined to participate. There were 280 (87%) successful attempts. Twelve (29%) of the 41 failure patients required central lines, 9 (22%) received external jugular IVs, and 20 (49%) had peripheral IV access placed under US guidance by another nurse or physician. Twenty-eight percent (90) of all patients were obese, 18% (57) had sickle cell anemia, 10% (31) were renal dialysis patients, 12% (40) were IV drug abusers, and 19% (61) had unspecified chronic illness. The remainder had no reason for difficult access given. There were four arterial punctures. Conclusions: ENs had a high success rate and few complications with use of US guidance for vascular access in a variety of difficult-access patients. [source] A prospective clinical study of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and IRM when used as root-end filling materials in endodontic surgeryINTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 8 2003B. S. Chong Abstract Aim, To assess the success rate of the root-end filling material, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). Methodology, Referred adult patients were recruited using strict entry criteria and randomly allocated to receive MTA or IRM. A standardized surgical technique was employed: the root end was resected perpendicularly and a root-end cavity was prepared ultrasonically and filled. A radiograph taken immediately after surgery was compared with those taken at 12 and 24 months. Customised film holders and the paralleling technique were used; radiographs were assessed by two trained observers using agreed criteria. The results from 122 patients (58 in IRM group, 64 in MTA group) after 12 months and 108 patients (47 in IRM group, 61 in MTA group) for the 24-month review period were analysed using the ,2 test. Results, The highest number of teeth with complete healing at both times was observed when MTA was used. When the numbers of teeth with complete and incomplete (scar) healing, and those with uncertain and unsatisfactory healing were combined, the success rate for MTA was higher (84% after 12 months, 92% after 24 months) compared with IRM (76% after 12 months, 87% after 24 months). However, statistical analysis showed no significant difference in success between materials (P > 0.05) at both 12 and 24 months. Conclusions, In this study, the use of MTA as a root-end filling material resulted in a high success rate that was not significantly better than that obtained using IRM. [source] Learning intravenous cannulation: a comparison of the conventional method and the CathSim Intravenous Training SystemJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 1 2002KATHERINE KA-PIK CHANG BHSc ,,Intravenous cannulation is a nursing procedure carried out in some clinical units that may induce trauma and discomfort. Nurses should be well prepared before practising the procedure with clients. ,,Conventionally, a plastic arm was used for practice but, with innovative developments in technology, a computer program called the CathSim Intravenous Training System (CathSim ITS) is available for this purpose. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of learning using a plastic arm with the CathSim ITS. ,,Twenty-eight nurses were divided into two groups and randomly assigned to the two different methods: plastic arm (control group) or CathSim ITS (experimental group). Both groups were provided with 1 hour of theory input and 2 hours of nursing laboratory work. ,,When the nurses felt ready to practise on clients, their performances were assessed by researchers with an intravenous cannulation qualification using a validated checklist. Prior to the assessment, trait and state anxiety levels were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Hong Kong Chinese adaptation) to check whether anxiety would affect the performance. Following the assessment, a semi-structured interview was conducted to reveal any knowledge acquired through using the selected method. ,,Both the control and CathSim ITS groups demonstrated a high success rate, scoring 100% and 92.86%, respectively, with their first client. ,,The semi-structured interviews revealed that the CathSim ITS group appreciated several features of their assigned method. However, there is room for further development. [source] Screening of gastric cancer cell sublines using the adhesion methodJOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES, Issue 3 2001Xiangrong Chen OBJECTIVE: To screen subpopulations of gastric cancer cell lines with different malignant phenotypes. METHODS: Two subpopulations from the human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 were separated by using the laminin adhesion method. One subpopulation was less invasive and non-metastatic, whereas the other was more invasive and metastatic. The relative invasiveness and migratory capacities of the two subgroups were observed by using the Boyden chamber and by inoculating the cells into nude mice. RESULTS: The two subgroups, the laminin-adherent cells (Lm+) and the laminin non-adherent cells (Lm,), were separated. During in vitro experiments, the Lm+ cells were more invasive and their migratory ability was greater relative to the Lm, cells. The rates of tumor formation after subcutaneous inoculation in nude mice and of lung tumor foci formation after tail vein inoculation were higher in Lm+ cells than those in Lm, cells. In vivo, Lm+ cells were found to have higher metastatic potential and to be more invasive. CONCLUSIONS: In vitro, the adhesion method is a simple and time-saving way to screen a particular phenotypic cell subpopulation with a high success rate. There are discrepancies in invasiveness and migratory ability between in vitro Lm+ and Lm, cells, which suggests that these properties of gastric cancer cells are closely related to their adhesiveness to the basement membrane and extracellular matrix. [source] Cervical epidural analgesia via a thoracic approach using nerve-stimulation guidance in adult patients undergoing total shoulder replacement surgeryACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2 2007B. C. H. Tsui Background:, Continuous cervical epidural anesthesia can provide excellent peri- and post-operative analgesia, although several factors prevent its widespread use. Advancing catheters from thoracic levels to the cervical region may circumvent these barriers, provided they are accurately positioned. We hypothesize that guiding catheters from thoracic to cervical regions using low-current epidural stimulation will have a high success rate and enable excellent analgesia in adults undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty. Methods:, After Institutional Review Board approval, adult patients were studied consecutively. A 17-G Tuohy needle was inserted into the thoracic epidural space using a right paramedian approach with loss of resistance. A 20-G styletted epidural catheter, with an attached nerve stimulator, was primed with saline and a 1,10 mA current was applied as it advanced in a cephalad direction towards the cervical spine. Muscle twitch responses were observed and post-operative X-ray confirmed final placement. After a test dose, an infusion (2,8 ml/h) of ropivacaine 2 mg/ml and morphine 0.05 mg/ml (or equivalent) was initiated. Verbal analog pain scale scores were collected over 72 h. Results:, Cervical epidural anesthesia was performed on 10 patients. Average current required to elicit a motor response was 4.8 ± 2.0mA. Post-operative X-ray of catheter positions confirmed all catheter tips reached the desired region (C4,7). The technical success rate for catheter placement was 100% and excellent pain control was achieved. Catheters were positioned two to the left, four to the right and four to the midline. Conclusion:, This epidural technique provided highly effective post-operative analgesia in a patient group that traditionally experiences severe post-operative pain and can benefit from early mobilization. [source] Approaches to landcare,a century of soil conservation in IcelandLAND DEGRADATION AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 2 2005A. Arnalds Abstract Organized soil conservation in Iceland began in 1907, as a response to severe land degradation and desertification that was threatening the existence of several communities. During the first 75 years, many of the most threatening areas of accelerated soil erosion were fenced and seeded with sand stabilizers. These projects had a high success rate, halting the advancement of sand dunes and other forms of highly accelerated erosion. However, they were limited in scope, and often concentrated on the symptoms of the problems rather than the underlying causes, such as improper grazing management. On a national scale, not enough was being achieved in mitigating the extensive ecosystem degradation. This period of soil conservation in Iceland was characterized by single-issue, top-down approaches, a lack of appropriate incentives for soil conservation and weak laws for protection of the rangelands. During the last two decades there has been a gradual shift to more participatory strategies, community involvement, and ecosystem management for multiple benefits. These changes have greatly increased community involvement in projects, stimulated conservation awareness and improved land use. The ties between agricultural policy and soil-conservation issues are also being strengthened, especially by linking part of governmental subsidies for sheep production to land-use factors. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Autologous fat grafting: A technique for stabilization of the microvascular pedicle in DIEP flap reconstructionMICROSURGERY, Issue 7 2008Eran D. Bar-Meir M.D. Proper orientation of the microvascular pedicle is essential to ensure a high success rate in microvascular surgery. The inset of a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction can sometimes be problematic given the long vascular pedicle, the acute takeoff from an internal mammary anastomosis, and the positioning of the flap on top of the vascular pedicle. In the postoperative period, the flap can also shift as the patient's activity level increases. We present a technique where nonvascularized autologous fat grafts are used to stabilize and cushion the vascular pedicle. Over a 14-month period, 117 consecutive DIEP flaps were performed to the internal mammary vessels with autologous fat grafting to the microvascular pedicle. Six flaps (5.1%) were explored during the immediate postoperative period for anastomotic compromise. Only one total flap failure (0.8%) was observed during this time. We had no direct complications related to the fat grafts. The use of nonvascularized autologous fat grafts is a simple and safe technique for stabilization of a microvascular pedicle. It should be considered in DIEP flap breast reconstruction and other microvascular cases where the vascular pedicle might be compressed by adjacent structures. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008. [source] Simplified technique for heterotopic vascularized cervical heart transplantation in mice,MICROSURGERY, Issue 1 2005Quanxing Wang Ph.D. Technical problems have limited the widespread use of mouse vascularized heart transplantation as a medical research tool. In this report, we describe a simplified method for performing heterotopic cervical transplantation by the cuff technique. The right pulmonary artery of the donor heart is equipped with a 22-gauge cuff. The aortic arch is isolated and transected at the level of the brachiocephalic artery. After proximally ligating the inferior vena cava with 9-0 silk, the residual blood vessels and lungs are ligated proximally and then carefully transected. The carotid artery is then everted over the Teflon cuff. Using this modified procedure, the operation from harvesting the donor heart to skin closure of the recipient mouse can be completed within 35 min. This simplified method for mouse heart transplantation was shown to have a high success rate, and is practical for use in transplantation immunology research. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 25:76,79, 2005. [source] Searching for DNA in museum specimens: a comparison of sources in a mammal speciesMOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 3 2010M. CASAS-MARCE Abstract The number of genetic studies that use preserved specimens as sources of DNA has been steadily increasing during the last few years. Therefore, selecting the sources that are more likely to provide a suitable amount of DNA of enough quality to be amplified and at the minimum cost to the original specimen is an important step for future research. We have compared different types of tissue (hides vs. bones) from museum specimens of Iberian lynx and multiple alternative sources within each type (skin, footpad, footpad powder, claw, diaphysis, maxilloturbinal bone, mastoid process and canine) for DNA yield and probability of amplification of both mitochondrial and nuclear targets. Our results show that bone samples yield more and better DNA than hides, particularly from sources from skull, such as mastoid process and canines. However, claws offer an amplification success as high as bone sources, which makes them the preferred DNA source when no skeletal pieces have been preserved. Most importantly, these recommended sources can be sampled incurring minimal damage to the specimens while amplifying at a high success rate for both mitochondrial and microsatellite markers. [source] A Thin Tracheal Silicone Washer to Solve Periprosthetic Leakage in Laryngectomies: Direct Results and Long-Term Clinical Effects,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 4 2008Frans J. M. Hilgers MD Abstract Objectives: Assessment of the immediate results and long-term clinical effects of a thin silicone washer placed behind the tracheal flange of voice prostheses to treat periprosthetic leakage. Patients and Methods: Three year retrospective analysis of 32 laryngectomized patients with 107 periprosthetic leakage events (PLEs). Custom-made silicone washers (outer diameter 18 mm, inner diameter 7.5 mm, thickness 0.5 mm) were placed behind the tracheal flange either in combination with prosthesis replacement or later. Results: There was immediate resolution of periprosthetic leakage in 88 PLEs (median, 38 d; mean, 53 d; range, 8,330 d) and in 6 PLEs with the washer still in situ at the date of analysis (median, 75; mean, 97 d; range, 38,240 d). There was no resolution for periprosthetic leakage in 13 PLEs. Thus, in total, 94 of 107 PLEs (88%) were successfully resolved. In 29 of 32 (91%) patients, the washer resolved the problem at least in one PLE successfully. Twelve of 32 patients, including all 3 with washer failures, also required other interventions to ultimately solve the problem. The vast majority of patients (80%) did not consider placement of the washer to be inconvenient. Conclusions: In consideration of the high success rate and limited inconvenience for patients, this simple thin silicon washer application provides a good first option for the treatment of periprosthetic leakage. [source] Candidate's Thesis: The Application of Sentinel Node Radiolocalization to Solid Tumors of the Head and Neck: A 10-Year Experience,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 1 2004James C. Alex MD Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis The goals of the research study were to develop an easily mastered, accurate, minimally invasive technique of sentinel node radiolocalization with biopsy (SNRLB) in the feline model; to compare it with blue-dye mapping techniques; and to test the applicability of sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy in three head and neck tumor types: N0 malignant melanoma, N0 Merkel cell carcinoma, and N0 squamous cell carcinoma. Study Design Prospective consecutive series studies were performed in the feline model and in three head and neck tumor types: N0 malignant melanoma (43 patients), N0 Merkel cell carcinoma (8 patients), and N0 squamous cell carcinoma (20 patients). Methods The technique of sentinel node radiolocalization with biopsy was analyzed in eight felines and compared with blue-dye mapping. Patterns of sentinel node gamma emissions were recorded. Localization success rates were determined for blue dye and sentinel node with radiolocalization biopsy. In the human studies, all patients had sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy performed in a similar manner. On the morning of surgery, each patient had sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy of the sentinel lymph node performed using an intradermal or peritumoral injection of technetium Tc 99m sulfur colloid. Sentinel nodes were localized on the skin surface using a handheld gamma detector. Gamma count measurements were obtained for the following: 1) the "hot" spot/node in vivo before incision, 2) the hot spot/node in vivo during dissection, 3) the hot spot/node ex vivo, 4) the lymphatic bed after hot spot/node removal, and 5) the background in the operating room. The first draining lymph node(s) was identified, and biopsy of the node was performed. The radioactive sentinel lymph node(s) was submitted separately for routine histopathological evaluation. Preoperative lymphoscintigrams were performed in patients with melanoma and patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. In patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the relationship between the sentinel node and the remaining lymphatic basin was studied and all patients received complete neck dissections. The accuracy of sentinel node radiolocalization with biopsy, the micrometastatic rate, the false-negative rate, and long-term recurrence rates were reported for each of the head and neck tumor types. In the melanoma study, the success of sentinel node localization was compared for sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy, blue-dye mapping, and lymphoscintigraphy. In the Merkel cell carcinoma study, localization rates were evaluated for sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy and lymphoscintigraphy. In the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma study, the localization rate of sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy and the predictive value of the sentinel node relative to the remaining lymphatic bed were determined. All results were analyzed statistically. Results Across the different head and neck tumor types studied, sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy had a success rate approaching 95%. Sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy was more successful than blue-dye mapping or lymphoscintigraphy at identifying the sentinel node, although all three techniques were complementary. There was no instance of a sentinel node-negative patient developing regional lymphatic recurrence. In the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma study, there was no instance in which the sentinel node was negative and the remaining lymphadenectomy specimen was positive. Conclusion In head and neck tumors that spread via the lymphatics, it appears that sentinel node radiolocalization biopsy can be performed with a high success rate. This technique has a low false-negative rate and can be performed through a small incision. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the histological appearance of the sentinel node does appear to reflect the regional nodal status of the patient. [source] Evaluation of the McGrath® Series 5 videolaryngoscope after failed direct laryngoscopy,ANAESTHESIA, Issue 7 2010R. R. Noppens Summary Unanticipated difficulties during tracheal intubation and failure to intubate are among the leading causes of anaesthesia-related morbidity and mortality. Using the technique of video laryngoscopy, the alignment of the oral and pharyngeal axes to facilitate tracheal intubation is unnecessary. In this study we evaluated the McGrath® Series 5 videolaryngoscope for tracheal intubation in 61 patients who exhibited Cormack and Lehane grade 3 or 4 laryngoscopies with a Macintosh laryngoscope. Using the McGrath resulted in an improved glottic view, compared to Macintosh laryngoscope. Laryngoscopy was improved by one grade in 10%, by two grades in 80% and by three grades in 10% of cases (p < 0.0001). The success rate for intubation was 95% with the McGrath. These results suggest that the McGrath videolaryngoscope can be used with a high success rate to facilitate tracheal intubation in difficult intubation situations. [source] Ultrasound-guided, high-energy extracorporeal shock-wave treatment of symptomatic calcareous tendinopathy of the shoulderANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 7 2002Christian Jakobeit Background:, The objective of the present study was to test the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided high-energy extracorporeal shock-wave treatment in symptomatic chronic calcareous tendinopathy of the shoulder rotator cuff, and to assess the morphology of the hydroxyapatite deposits before and after this treatment. Methods:, The study involved 80 patients who suffered from calcification of the rotator cuff. These patients were treated with an instrument with electromagnetic induction of shock-waves (Doli-Lithotripter, Dornier, Munich, Germany) under continuous ultrasound location of the treatment focus. The treatments were carried out in one to five sessions at an interval of 4,6 weeks. Each patient received a total of 1800 shock waves in each therapy. The flow density of the energy in the therapy focus was 0.08,0.42 mJ/mm2. Results:, Sixty-eight patients (85%) attained complete freedom from symptoms or only had minimal residual symptoms when stressing their shoulder joint. The calcification suffered by 57 (71.2%) patients was completely resorbed after treatment and partially resorbed in 16 patients (20%). Complete resorption of the calcareous deposits led to freedom from symptoms. In all patients with amorphous calcareous deposits, there was complete resorption of the calcification. Mixed calcareous foci were eliminated in 64.7,77% of the cases, depending on the extent of amorphous structures. Complete resorption was achieved in 44.4% of patients where homogeneous calcareous deposits were >1 cm in size. Conclusion:, Shock-wave treatment in periarthritis of the shoulder is a new and very effective method for symptomatic calcareous tendinopathy. Extracorporeal shock-wave treatment has good prospects of success in any type of calcification. As a non-invasive technique with a high success rate, shock-wave treatment is an alternative to surgical operations in patients who remain symptomatic after exhaustive conservative treatment. [source] Tocolysis for repeat external cephalic version in breech presentation at term: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trialBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 5 2005Lawrence Impey Background External cephalic version (ECV) reduces the incidence of breech presentation at term and caesarean section for non-cephalic births. Tocolytics may improve success rates, but are time consuming, may cause side effects and have not been proven to alter caesarean section rates. The aim of this trial was to determine whether tocolysis should be used if ECV is being re-attempted after a failed attempt. Objective To determine whether tocolysis should be used if ECV is being re-attempted after a failed attempt. Design Randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Setting UK teaching hospital. Population One hundred and twenty-four women with a breech presentation at term who had undergone an unsuccessful attempt at ECV. Methods Relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for categorical variables and a t test for continuous variables. Analysis was by intention to treat. Main outcome measures Incidence of cephalic presentation at delivery. Secondary outcomes were caesarean section and measures of neonatal and maternal morbidity. Results The use of tocolysis for a repeat attempt at ECV significantly increases the incidence of cephalic presentation at delivery (RR 3.21; 95% CI 1.23,8.39) and reduces the incidence of caesarean section (RR 0.33; 95% CI 0.14,0.80). The effects were most marked in multiparous women (RR for cephalic presentation at delivery 9.38; 95% CI 1.64,53.62). Maternal and neonatal morbidity remain unchanged. Conclusions The use of tocolysis increases the success rate of repeat ECV and reduces the incidence of caesarean section. A policy of only using tocolysis where an initial attempt has failed leads to a relatively high success rate with minimum usage of tocolysis. [source] Outcomes using a fourth-generation lithotripter: a new benchmark for comparison?BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2007Michael S. Nomikos OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a fourth-generation lithotripter, the Sonolith Vision (Technomed Medical Systems, Vaulx-en-Velin, France) for treating single previously untreated renal calculi, and to compare the results with the reference standard HM-3 (Dornier MedTech Europe GmbH, Wessling, Germany) in the same population originally studied by the USA Cooperative Study Group in 1986. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Sonolith Vision uses an innovative electroconductive shock-wave generator with an elliptical reflector specially designed to give the maximum concentration of energy on the stone. We reviewed the treatment sessions from our prospectively maintained database of the first 1000 consecutive patients with urinary stone disease who were treated with the Sonolith Vision between September 2004 and March 2006. Patients with previously untreated solitary renal calculi in anatomically normal kidneys were included. The outcome was assessed by plain films for radio-opaque stones, and renal ultrasonography for radiolucent stones, at 1 and 3 months after lithotripsy; the results were analysed according to stone size and location. RESULTS Data from 309 patients who had a complete follow-up and with 373 renal calculi that matched the above criteria were analysed. The initial fragmentation rate was 94%. The stone-free rate for stones of <10 mm was 77%, for 11,20 mm was 69% and for >20 mm was 50%. The overall stone-free rate 3 months after lithotripsy was 75%. Within a month of lithotripsy, 221 patients (59%) became stone-free. Additional procedures to render patients stone-free after lithotripsy were needed in only 22 cases (7%). The overall efficiency quotient was 62%. The stone-free rates for lower, upper, middle calyceal and renal pelvic calculi were 74%, 70%, 78.5% and 75%, respectively. There were no serious complications. CONCLUSIONS When similar populations of stone formers were assessed the Sonolith Vision achieved a high success rate, comparable with that using the HM-3 machine but with lower analgesia requirements and very low re-treatment rates. This method of comparison belies the commonly held view that newer lithotripters are less effective than the original spark-gap machines. [source] Closure of ostium secundum atrial septum defect with the Atriasept occluder: Early European experience,CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS, Issue 7 2010Valérie Steiger Stolt MD Abstract Objectives: This multicentre study sought to report the safety and efficacy of the ATRIASEPT septal occluder to repair atrial septal defect (ASD). Background: The ATRIASEPT is a low profile, flexible, double disk occluder with centering system specifically designed for closure of ostium secundum ASD. Method: Patients were enrolled from four participating European sites and followed up for 12 months post procedure. Outcomes were evaluated, including closure success and incidence of adverse events. Results: Seventy-six patients received the ATRIASEPT device. Mean size of the defect was 15 ± 4 mm. Closure success was observed in 69 patients (89%) at the end of the procedure. Sixty-four patients had a six-month follow up with a complete closure by 58 patients (90%). Minor adverse events occurred in two patients. Significant functional improvement was reported by all symptomatic patients. Conclusion: Percutaneous closure of ASD ostium secundum type defects with the ATRIASEPT is safe and effective with high success rate and excellent mid-term outcome. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Three horizontal muscle squint surgery for large angle infantile esotropiaCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Issue 6 2003Michael P Forrest FRANZCO Abstract Background:,To report the long-term outcome of a series of 49 patients who underwent three horizontal muscle squint surgery for large angle infantile esotropia. Methods:,The patient records were retrospectively reviewed of 49 (24 girls [49%], 25 boys) consecutive patients with infantile esotropia of angle ,60 ,, who had undergone three horizontal muscle surgery performed by one surgeon (author GG). Surgery consisted of bilateral medial rectus recession combined with graded unilateral lateral rectus resection. Surgeries were carried out over a 6-year period with a mean follow-up period of 32.9 months (3.7,71.8 months). Results:,Using Kaplan,Meier life-table analysis, cumulative surgical success (orthotropia ±10 ,) was 93.9% at 1 week, 91.8% at 2 and 6 months, 87.7% at 12 and 18 months, 79.9% at 2 years, 77.1% at 3, 4 and 5 years, and 70.6% at 6 years. The mean preoperative deviation was 68.7 ,. The mean age at surgery was 12.9 months. The failure rate was independent of preoperative deviation. Prevalence of residual esotropia (>10 ,) varied from 2.0% at 1 week to 17.0% at 6 years. Similarly the prevalence of consecutive exotropia (>10 ,) varied from 4.0% at 1 week to 12.4% at 6 years. Conclusion:,Operating in a graded fashion on three horizontal muscles in children with large angle infantile esotropia has a high success rate, even over long-term follow up. Based on the study's results, amounts of surgery for a given angle of strabismus are proposed. [source] The celebrated écorchés of honoré Fragonard, part 2: The details of the technique used by FragonardCLINICAL ANATOMY, Issue 3 2010Christophe Degueurce Abstract It is remarkable that the famous écorchés of Honoré Fragonard have survived the centuries to reach us today. Studies carried out by several teams have established details of the technique used by Fragonard that help to explain their longevity. The injection of the vessels was achieved by means of a mixture of mutton tallow and pine resin diluted in essence of turpentine and essential oils. This gave Fragonard a very high success rate. Above all, he did not add pigments to his mixture while injecting the veins, and this facilitated the procedure. The vessels were painted after preservation to give them the vivid colors that we can still see today. Another detail that explains their exceptional conservation is that the varnish used by Fragonard was composed of Venice turpentine, made from larch resin and known to repel insects. Clin. Anat. 23:258,264, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Implants in fresh extraction sockets: a prospective 5-year follow-up clinical studyCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 12 2008Daniele Botticelli Abstract Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the 5-year clinical outcome of the ,immediate implants.' Material and methods: One week after the cementation of the prosthesis, a clinical baseline examination was carried out. Clinical measurements were performed of the following: plaque, mucositis, probing pocket depth, and soft tissue position. The height of the keratinized mucosa was measured at the buccal/lingual aspects. Standardized intra-oral radiographs were taken. The marginal level of bone to implant contact [radiographic (Rx) bone level] was measured, and Rx bone level change over time was evaluated. The clinical/radiographic measurements were repeated on a yearly basis. The subjects were enrolled in a carefully supervised oral hygiene program. Results and conclusion: It was demonstrated that ,immediate implants' that were loaded after 5,7 months had a high success rate. During the 5-year interval, no implant was lost, and the mean Rx bone level at the implants was maintained or even improved. The plaque and mucositis scores were low (<20%) at baseline and at all re-examinations. Implant sites located adjacent to the teeth showed bone gain during the initial period while sites that were facing edentulous zones lost some bone. [source] Sodium Hydroxide Chemical Matricectomy for the Treatment of Ingrown Toenails: Comparison of Three Different Application PeriodsDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 7 2005Pelin Kocyigit MD Objective Sodium hydroxide matricectomy is a successful method for the treatment of ingrown toenails. This study was designed to evaluate the optimal sodium hydroxide application period providing high success rates with minimal postoperative morbidity. Materials and Methods Sixty-six patients with 225 ingrown nail edges were treated in three groups receiving 30-second, 1-minute, and 2-minute applications of sodium hydroxide. Each patient was reviewed postoperatively for pain, drainage, and tissue damage. The median long-term follow-up period was 14 months. Results The success rate of the therapy was 70.9% in the first group, 92.7% in the second group, and 94.4% in the third group. In all groups, about half of the patients experienced minimal pain within 48 hours following the operation, but only in the third group, 20% of the patients had minimal pain, which continued about 1 week. Drainage and tissue damage were minimal or mild in all groups and disappeared within 3 weeks in the first and second groups but were prolonged to 6 weeks in the third group. conclusion The success rate of 30-second application is significantly lower than 1-minute and 2-minute applications. Although the success rates of the latter two procedures are similar, the prolonged healing time is the disadvantage of the 2-minute application. We conclude that 1-minute application of 10% sodium hydroxide is simple, safe, and highly effective for the treatment of ingrown nails. [source] Randomized comparison of the SLIPA (Streamlined Liner of the Pharynx Airway) and the SS-LM (Soft Seal Laryngeal Mask) by medical studentsEMERGENCY MEDICINE AUSTRALASIA, Issue 5-6 2006Cindy Hein Abstract Objective:, The aim of the study was to compare the Streamlined Liner of the Pharynx Airway (SLIPA; Hudson RCI), a new supraglottic airway device, with the Soft Seal Laryngeal Mask (SS-LM; Portex) when used by novices. Methods:, Thirty-six medical students with no previous airway experience, received manikin training in the use of the SLIPA and the SS-LM. Once proficient, the students inserted each device in randomized sequence, in two separate patients in the operating theatre. Only two insertion attempts per patient were allowed. Students were assessed in terms of: device preference; success or failure; success at first attempt and time to ventilation. Results:, Sixty-seven per cent of the students preferred to use the SLIPA (95% confidence interval 49,81%). The SLIPA was successfully inserted (one or two attempts) in 94% of patients (34/36) and the SS-LM in 89% (32/36) (P = 0.39). First attempt success rates were 83% (30/36) and 67% (24/36) in the SLIPA and SS-LM, respectively (P = 0.10). Median time to ventilation was shorter with the SLIPA (40.6 s) than with the SS-LM (66.9 s) when it was the first device used (P = 0.004), but times were similar when inserting the second device (43.8 s vs 42.9 s) (P = 0.75). Conclusions:, In the present study novice users demonstrated high success rates with both devices. The SLIPA group achieved shorter times to ventilation when it was the first device they inserted, which might prove to be of clinical significance, particularly in resuscitation attempts. Although the Laryngeal Mask has gained wide recognition for use by both novice users and as a rescue airway in failed intubation, the data presented here suggest that the SLIPA might also prove useful in these areas. [source] ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Predicting species distributions from small numbers of occurrence records: a test case using cryptic geckos in MadagascarJOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY, Issue 1 2007Richard G. Pearson Abstract Aim, Techniques that predict species potential distributions by combining observed occurrence records with environmental variables show much potential for application across a range of biogeographical analyses. Some of the most promising applications relate to species for which occurrence records are scarce, due to cryptic habits, locally restricted distributions or low sampling effort. However, the minimum sample sizes required to yield useful predictions remain difficult to determine. Here we developed and tested a novel jackknife validation approach to assess the ability to predict species occurrence when fewer than 25 occurrence records are available. Location, Madagascar. Methods, Models were developed and evaluated for 13 species of secretive leaf-tailed geckos (Uroplatus spp.) that are endemic to Madagascar, for which available sample sizes range from 4 to 23 occurrence localities (at 1 km2 grid resolution). Predictions were based on 20 environmental data layers and were generated using two modelling approaches: a method based on the principle of maximum entropy (Maxent) and a genetic algorithm (GARP). Results, We found high success rates and statistical significance in jackknife tests with sample sizes as low as five when the Maxent model was applied. Results for GARP at very low sample sizes (less than c. 10) were less good. When sample sizes were experimentally reduced for those species with the most records, variability among predictions using different combinations of localities demonstrated that models were greatly influenced by exactly which observations were included. Main conclusions, We emphasize that models developed using this approach with small sample sizes should be interpreted as identifying regions that have similar environmental conditions to where the species is known to occur, and not as predicting actual limits to the range of a species. The jackknife validation approach proposed here enables assessment of the predictive ability of models built using very small sample sizes, although use of this test with larger sample sizes may lead to overoptimistic estimates of predictive power. Our analyses demonstrate that geographical predictions developed from small numbers of occurrence records may be of great value, for example in targeting field surveys to accelerate the discovery of unknown populations and species. [source] Molted feathers from clay licks in Peru provide DNA for three large macaws (Ara ararauna, A. chloropterus, and A. macao)JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Kara J. Gebhardt ABSTRACT Conservation genetic analyses of wildlife have increased greatly in the past 10 yr, yet genetic studies of parrots are rare because of difficulties associated with capturing them and obtaining samples. Recent studies have demonstrated that molted feathers can provide a useful source of DNA, but success rates have varied considerably among studies. Our objective was to determine if molted macaw feathers from Blue-and-yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna), Scarlet Macaws (A. macao), and Red-and-green Macaws (A. chloropterus) collected from rainforest geophagy sites called clay licks could provide a good source of DNA for population genetic studies. Specific objectives were to determine (1) how nuclear DNA microsatellite amplification success and genotyping error rates for plucked macaw feathers compared to those for molted feathers collected from clay licks in the Amazon rainforest, and (2) if feather size, feather condition, species, or extraction method affected microsatellite amplification success or genotyping error rates from molted feathers. Amplification success and error rates were calculated using duplicate analyses of four microsatellite loci. We found that plucked feathers were an excellent source of DNA, with significantly higher success rates (P < 0.0001) and lower error rates (P= 0.0002) than for molted feathers. However, relatively high success rates (75.6%) were obtained for molted feathers, with a genotyping error rate of 11.7%. For molted feathers, we had higher success rates and lower error rates for large feathers than small feathers and for feathers in good condition than feathers that were moldy and broken when collected. We also found that longer incubation times and lower elution volumes yielded the highest quality DNA when extracting with the Qiagen DNeasy tissue kit. Our study demonstrates that molted feathers can be a valuable source of genetic material even in the challenging conditions of tropical rainforests, and our results provide valuable information for maximizing DNA amplification success rates when working with shed feathers of parrots. SINOPSIS Los análisis genéticos para la conservación de la vida silvestre han crecido en gran escala durante los últimos 10 años, pero el análisis genético de los loros son raros por las dificultades asociados con su captura y obtención de muestras. Estudios recientes han demostrado que plumas mudadas podrían proveer una fuente útil de ADN, pero las tasas de éxito varían considerablemente entre estudios. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar si las plumas mudadas de Ara ararauna, A. macao y A. chloropterus colectadas en sitios de bosque húmedo donde estas aves consumen el suelo, llamados colpas, podrían proveer una fuente útil de ADN para estudios de la genética de las poblaciones. Los objetivos específicos fueron determinar (1) como comparan las tasas de éxito de la amplificación de los microsatélites del ADN nuclear y las tasas de error en el análisis del genotipo de plumas, entre plumas colectadas directamente de los guacamayos y plumas colectadas en colpas en el bosque Amazónico, y (2) si el tamaño de la pluma, su condición, la especie o el método de extracción afecta el éxito de la amplificación de los microsatélites o las tasas de error en el análisis del genotipo de las plumas mudadas. Las tasas de éxito de amplificación y error fueron calculados usando análisis duplicados de cuatro loci de microsatélites. Encontramos que plumas colectadas directamente de las aves son una fuente excelente de ADN, con tasas de éxito significativamente más altas (P < 0.0001), y con menores tasas de error (P= 0.0002) que las plumas mudadas. Sin embargo, tasas de éxito relativamente altas (75.6%) fueron obtenidos de plumas mudadas, con una tasa de error en el análisis del genotipo de 11.7%. Para plumas mudadas, tuvimos tasas de éxito más altas y tasas de error menores para plumas grandes que para plumas pequeñas y para plumas en buena condición que para plumas que estaban cubiertos con hongos y quebradas cuando fueron colectadas. También encontramos que mayores periodos de incubación y menores volúmenes de elución proveían el ADN de mayor calidad cuando se extraía el ADN usando el kit de tejido Quiagen DNeasy. Nuestro estudio demuestra que las plumas mudadas pueden ser una fuente valiosa de materia genética, hasta en las condiciones de los bosques húmedos tropicales. Nuestros resultados proveen información valiosa para maximizar las tasas de éxito de la amplificación del ADN cuando se analizan las plumas mudadas de los loros. [source] Nondestructive Assessment of Lipid Oxidation in Minced Poultry Meat by Autofluorescence SpectroscopyJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 1 2000J.P. Wold ABSTRACT: To develop a rapid method to assess lipid oxidation, autofluorescence spectra (excitation wavelengths 365, 380, and 400 nm) from large samples (17 cm2) of minced poultry meat were collected by an optical system to determine directly lipid oxidation level. The same samples were also measured by 2-thiobarbituric acid method (TBARS). High correlations could be made between the TBARS method and autofluorescence spectra, especially those from 380 nm excitation. Partial least squares regression resulted in a root mean square error of 0.15 (R = 0.87) for chicken meat and 0.24 (R = 0.80) for mechanically recovered turkey meat. Classification analysis between fresh (TBARS < 0.25) and rancid (TBARS > 0.25) samples was done with high success rates. Autofluorescence spectroscopy might be well suited for rapid on-line determination of lipid oxidation level in minced poultry meat. [source] Evaluation of hydrate-screening methodsJOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, Issue 7 2008Yong Cui Abstract The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of several common hydrate-screening techniques, and to provide guidelines for designing hydrate-screening programs for new drug candidates. Ten hydrate-forming compounds were selected as model compounds and six hydrate-screening approaches were applied to these compounds in an effort to generate their hydrate forms. The results prove that no screening approach is universally effective in finding hydrates for small organic compounds. Rather, a combination of different methods should be used to improve screening reliability. Among the approaches tested, the dynamic water vapor sorption/desorption isotherm (DVI) method and storage under high humidity (HH) yielded 60,70% success ratios, the lowest among all techniques studied. The risk of false negatives arises in particular for nonhygroscopic compounds. On the other hand, both slurry in water (Slurry) and temperature cycling of aqueous suspension (TCS) showed high success rates (90%) with some exceptions. The mixed solvent systems (MSS) procedure also achieved high success rates (90%), and was found to be more suitable for water-insoluble compounds. For water-soluble compounds, MSS may not be the best approach because recrystallization is difficult in solutions with high water activity. Finally, vapor diffusion (VD) yielded a reasonably high success ratio in finding hydrates (80%). However, this method suffers from experimental difficulty and unreliable results for either highly water-soluble or water-insoluble compounds. This study indicates that a reliable hydrate-screening strategy should take into consideration the solubility and hygroscopicity of the compounds studied. A combination of the Slurry or TCS method with the MSS procedure could provide a screening strategy with reasonable reliability. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 97:2730,2744, 2008 [source] Late free-flap salvage with catheter-directed thrombolysisMICROSURGERY, Issue 4 2008Andrew P. Trussler M.D. Introduction: Despite high success rates with free-tissue transfer, flap loss continues to be a devastating event. Flap salvage is often successful if vascular complications are recognized and treated early. However, delayed presentation of flap compromise is an ominous predictor of flap loss. Late free-flap salvage has been described with poor long-term results. Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) has only been described in context with free-tissue transfer in a case of distal bypass salvage. Objectives: The authors examined the efficacy of highly selective CDT in late salvage of free-flaps with vascular compromise. Methods: Two patients underwent highly selective CDT after delayed presentation (>5 days) of flap compromise. Patient 1 is a 59-year-old woman who underwent delayed breast reconstruction with a free TRAM flap and presented with arterial thrombosis 12 days postoperatively. Patient 2 is a 53-year-old man who underwent fibular osteocutaneous free-flap reconstruction of a floor of mouth defect who developed venous thrombosis 6 days postoperatively. Patient 2 underwent two attempted operative anastamotic revisions with thrombectomies and local thrombolysis prior to CDT. Results: The average time of presentation was 9 days, with the average time to CDT being 9.5 days. Patient 1 had an arterial thrombosis, whereas Patient 2 had a venous thrombosis. Both patients underwent successful thrombolysis after super-selective angiograms. Continuous infusions of thrombolytic agents were used in both patients for ,24 h. Average length of stay postCDT was 7 days with no perioperative complications. Long-term follow-up demonstrated complete flap salvage with no soft tissue loss. Conclusion: Despite extremely delayed presentation, aggressive CDT was successful in both breast, and head and neck reconstructions with excellent long-term flap results. CDT appears to be a useful modality in managing difficult cases of free-flap salvage. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||