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High MVD (high + mvd)
Selected AbstractsInverse correlation of microvessel density with metastasis and prognosis in renal cell carcinomaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 11 2004TETSUYA IMAO Abstract Background: Although a correlation between microvessel density (MVD) and tumor aggressiveness has been established for several malignancies, the data for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is conflicting. In order to clarify the significance of MVD, we investigated the relationships between MVD and tumor stage, grade, size, occurrence of metastasis and patient survival. Methods: Tumor specimens from 70 patients with primary renal cell carcinoma were examined by immunohistochemical staining for CD34. Results: There was a tendency for MVD to decrease from G1 to G3 tumors or from stage T1 to T3 tumors, although this was not statistically significant. However, the MVD for 56 non-metastatic and 14 metastatic tumors were significantly different (P = 0.005) at 109 ± 67 and 58 ± 35 per ×400 field (mean ± SD), respectively. Microvessel density for 36 large and 34 small tumors was also significantly different (P < 0.0001) at 48 ± 22 and 142 ± 54 per ×400 field, respectively. The survival rate of patients with small, low grade and hypervascular tumors was significantly higher than that of patients with large (P = 0.0015), high grade (P = 0.05) or low MVD (P = 0.039) tumors. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that tumor grade and size emerged as independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: High MVD in RCC was inversely associated with tumor aggressiveness, but MVD was not the independent prognostic factor. [source] Expression of CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 correlates with lymph node metastasis in submucosal esophageal cancerJOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 5 2008Ken Sasaki MD Abstract Background and Objectives The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 are involved in cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis, and promote organ-specific localization of distant metastases in various carcinomas. We examined their expression and microvessel density (MVD) in submucosal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and analyzed their connection to clinicopathological findings including lymph node micrometastasis (LMM). Methods Eighty-six patients with submucosal ESCC underwent curative resection from 1985 to 2002. Immunohistochemical staining of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CD34 was performed with primary tumors, and staining of cytokeratin was performed with dissected lymph nodes. MVD was calculated from CD34 expression, and LMM detected by cytokeratin staining. Results Expression of CXCL12, but not CXCR4, correlated with lymph node metastasis. There was no significant correlation between the expression of CXCL12 and/or CXCR4 and MVD. LMM was detected in 8 cases and 14 lymph nodes. CXCL12 expression and high MVD were found in tumors with lymph node metastasis including LMM. Furthermore, in the CXCR4-positive tumors, positive CXCL12 expression was more significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and/or LMM than negative CXCL12 expression. Conclusions Evaluation of CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression should assist detection of lymph node metastasis including LMM in submucosal ESCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:433,438. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Significance of CD 105 expression for tumour angiogenesis and prognosis in endometrial carcinomasAPMIS, Issue 11 2003HELGA B. SALVESEN Angiogenesis is a key process in tumour growth and metastasis, and Factor-VIII microvascular density has been found to influence prognosis among endometrial carcinoma patients. The CD105/endoglin antibody has been reported to preferentially bind to activated endothelial cells in tissues participating in angiogenesis, and we therefore wanted to compare the prognostic significance of CD105/endoglin to that of Factor-VIII. In a population-based endometrial carcinoma study with long (median 11.5 years) and complete patient follow-up, mean intratumour microvascular density (MVD) assessed using CD105/endoglin was investigated and compared with previous data for MVD assessed using Factor-VIII. MVD by CD105/endoglin was significantly correlated with MVD by Factor-VIII (p=0.001). However, tumours within the two groups defined by the upper and lower quartiles for CD105/endoglin-MVD were both significantly more often metastatic (FIGO-stage III/IV; p=0.03), with high tumour cell proliferation by Ki67 (p=0.007) and with reduced survival (p=0.036) as compared with the intermediate groups. In Cox regression analysis, CD105/endoglin-MVD showed independent prognostic influence when analysed together with patient age, FIGO stage, histologic subtype, histologic grade and Factor-VIII-MVD, while the latter lost its prognostic impact when CD105/endoglin was included. In the subgroup with high MVD, there was a tendency towards improved response to radiation therapy. In conclusion, CD105/endoglin-MVD is significantly associated with FIGO stage, tumour proliferation and prognosis in endometrial carcinoma, indicating that this is a better angiogenic marker in these tumours. [source] Relation of microvessel density with microvascular invasion, metastasis and prognosis in renal cell carcinomaBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2008Esin Yildiz OBJECTIVE To clarify the significance of microvessel density (MVD) in a retrospective investigation the relationship between the pattern of MVD (reflecting angiogenesis), and tumour stage, grade, size, and occurrence of microvessel invasion (MVI), metastasis, and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients who had surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Vessels were labelled in sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 54 RCCs by CD34 immunohistochemistry. The mean MVD, expressed as the number of vessels per 10 high-power fields (HPF, ×400) were measured for each case. In addition, all pathological slides were reviewed for the presence and absence of MVI. The prognostic value of MVD and MVI was then evaluated, and correlated with the usual prognostic variables, tumour metastasis and CSS. RESULTS In a univariate analysis of CSS, the MDV tended to be lower as stage increased from pT1 to pT3, and as grade increased from G1 to G4, although it was statistically significant only for stage (P < 0.001 and 0.050, respectively). The mean MVD was higher in 42 nonmetastatic than in 12 metastatic tumours, and in 33 tumours associated with MVI than in 21 with no MVI (P < 0.001). The mean MVD was also lower and significantly different for 28 large than 26 small tumours (P = 0.005). The survival rate of patients with tumours that were small, low-stage, of higher MVD, with no MVI and metastasis was significantly higher than that of patients with large, high-stage, low MVD, with MVI and metastatic tumours (all P < 0.001). MVI was significantly more common with a decreasing trend in MVD and the presence of metastasis (Spearman rank correlation rs = ,0.68, P = 0.01, and rs = 0.39, P = 0.01, respectively). Independent prognostic factors in a multivariate analysis were: in all patients with RCC, tumour stage (P = 0.013) and metastasis (P = 0.028); in those with low MVD, MVI (P = 0.004) and metastases (P = 0.016); in those with no MVI, stage (P = 0.020); in those with MVI, MVD (P = 0.001); in those with no metastases, stage (P = 0.045); and in those with metastases, MVD (P < 0.001). No independent predictor was identified in patients with high MVD. In patients with no metastases there was a significantly shorter median CSS time in RCCs with low MVD and with MVI (P = 0.004 for both). Similarly, patients who had grade 3,4 tumours, vs those with lower MVD and with MVI, had a significantly shorter median CSS (P = 0.020 for MVD, and 0.01 for MVI). CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that MVD in RCC was inversely associated with MVI, tumour metastasis, patient survival and tumour diameter and stage, from the usual prognostic variables, but MVD was not an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis for all patients with RCC. Low MVD and the presence of MVI appears to be a marker for identifying patients with an adverse prognosis. [source] Prognostic significance of tumour angiogenesis in schistosoma-associated adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladderBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2002E. El Sobky Objective To report on tumour angiogenesis and its relationship with morphological variables and prognosis in adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder associated with schistosomiasis. Patients and methods Fifty-five vesical adenocarcinomas were evaluated from 30 men and 25 women (mean age 47.2 years, sd 8.7, range 30,65) who were followed up after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion for a mean (sd, range) of 61 (43.5, 2.7,159.5) months. Vessels were stained immunohistochemically using an antibody to the platelet endothelial cell-adhesion molecule CD31. Microvessels were counted in active areas of angiogenesis within the tumours (at ×,250) and the microvessel density (MVD) quantified using the mean of three counts. Treatment failure was defined as death from cancer or the development of local recurrence or distant metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox's proportional hazard model were used to assess survival. Results The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 57% and 51%, respectively. The presence of lymph node metastasis and high mean vascular density (> 26) were significantly associated with a poor prognosis. The 5-year survival for patients with negative lymph nodes was 66% while no patients with positive nodes survived for 5 years (P < 0.001); the survival was 72% for patients with a low MVD and 33% for those with a high MVD (P = 0.0016). From individual results plotted against vascularity in lymph node-negative patients, there was a significantly better outcome for those with a low MVD ( 26; P = 0.0099); this significance was maintained on multivariate analysis. However, there was no significant relationship between angiogenesis and the different clinicopathological factors apart from the grade (P = 0.03); tumour stage, grade and DNA profile had no significant effect on survival in these patients. Conclusions These findings suggest that assessing angiogenesis using the MVD provides an independent predictor of survival in patients with adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder. [source] Nucleolar size in choroidal and ciliary body melanomas and corresponding hepatic metastasesACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 4 2010Rana'a T. Al-Jamal Abstract. Purpose:, This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hepatic metastasis and the mean diameter of the 10 largest nucleoli (MLN) in uveal melanoma. Methods:, A cross-sectional histopathological analysis of 37 metastases (13 surgical or needle biopsies, 24 autopsies) and corresponding primary choroidal and ciliary body melanomas was conducted, using statistical tests appropriate for paired data. The largest nucleoli were measured from digital photographs of silver-stained sections along a 5-mm-wide linear field. Confounders considered were presence of epithelioid cells and microvascular density (MVD), counted as the number of discrete elements labelled by monoclonal antibody QBEND/10 to the CD34 epitope. Results:, Hepatic metastases had more frequent epithelioid cells (p = 0.0047) and a higher MVD (median difference, 7.5 counts/0.313 mm2 more; p = 0.044) than their corresponding primary tumours. Hepatic metastases, especially in autopsy specimens rather than surgical biopsies, tended to have a smaller MLN (median 3.6 ,m) than the corresponding primary tumour (median difference, 0.55 ,m; p = 0.066). The MLN in hepatic metastases was not associated with presence of epithelioid cells and MVD. Overall survival after diagnosis of metastasis was comparable whether hepatic metastases had a large or small MLN (p = 0.95), whereas a high MVD tended to be associated with shorter survival (p = 0.096) among the 13 patients with known survival. Conclusions:, The results suggest that MLN is not a useful marker for assessing prognosis after diagnosis of hepatic metastasis from uveal melanoma. [source] | ||||||||||