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High Hope (high + hope)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Psychology50%

Selected Abstracts

Parental styles, gender and the development of hope and self-esteem

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 8 2008
Patrick Heaven
Abstract We examined the developmental trajectory of trait hope and self-esteem over 4 years and the impact of gender and perceived parental styles on these trajectories. Participants were 884 high school students. There was a general decline in hope and self-esteem over time, with females declining more rapidly than males. Girls had higher hope than boys in Grade 7, but lower hope by Grade 10. Perceived parental authoritativeness at Time 1 was related to high hope across the 4 years, whilst perceived parental authoritarianism was related to low self-esteem. We discuss the importance of perceived parental styles for adolescent well being, as well as possible explanations for changes in hope and self-esteem. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Hope, Defense Mechanisms, and Adjustment: Implications for False Hope and Defensive Hopelessness

JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 2 2002
Paul Kwon
ABSTRACT Two studies replicated and expanded an earlier finding that defense style plays a crucial role in the relation between hope and dysphoria (Kwon, 2000). Lower hope and higher defense style immaturity were each associated with greater dysphoria, depression proneness, and maladjustment. Individuals with low hope and low defense immaturity did not have poor outcomes, supporting the existence of a subtype of low hope (defensive hopelessness) that may have adaptive value. The combination of high hope and high defense immaturity was not associated with maladaptive outcomes, arguing against the false hope construct. Additionally, the findings remained after controlling for levels of anxiety. Thus, it appears that the results are not attributable to general distress or negative affectivity. Finally, domain-specific hope was shown to correlate most strongly with matching areas of adjustment, providing evidence for the validity of the construct. [source]

Hungarian Agriculture at the Dawn of EU Accession

EUROCHOICES, Issue 1 2004
Imre Nemeth
Summary Hungarian AgricuIture at the Dawn of EU Accession Hungary and Hungarian agriculture nurse high hopes for EU-accession. Agriculture and rural development were of pivotal importance during the accession negotiations, in the accession referendum and the preparations for accession. The success in integrating our agriculture into the CAP and the single market will substantially influence public opinion in the post-accession years. We expect our membership to stabilise market conditions and to improve development possibilities in rural areas where there is great demand for better employment and living conditions. These benefits will emerge from our integration into the single market, our involvement in decision-making and from the backing of EU resources. But the challenges of EU membership also evoke fears amongst Hungarian farmers. The transformation of agriculture is incomplete, agricultural incomes and investments are stagnant, rural infrastructure is somewhat weak and marketing systems are rather inefficient. Hungarian farmers have difficulty accepting the relatively low levels of direct aids whereas they face full health and food safety restrictions from day one of accession. The CAP Reform of June 2003 confuses and slows down our preparatory work. Hungarian agriculture, however, is determined to respond to the challenges of accession. Our common Europe will prove stronger with Hungarian agriculture, and Hungarian agriculture has to become stronger through our EU membership. L'agriculture hongroise au temps zéro de I'accession OLa Hongrie et l'agriculture hongroise mettent de grands espoirs dans L'accession à l'Union Européenne. L'agriculture et le développement rural ont été au centre des négotiations sur l'accession, du référendum associé et des mesures préparatoires correspondantes. l'opinion publique sera grandement influenceée, dans les années qui suivront l'accession, par le succés de l'intégration de notre agriculture dans la politique agricole commune et le marché unique. De notre appartenance à l'UE, nous attendons la stabilisation des marchés et l'amélioration des perspectives de développement dans les zones rurales oú le besoin de meilleures conditions de vie et d'emploi se fait sentir avec acuité. Ces avantages devraient provenir de notre intégration dans le marché unique, de notre participation aux décisions collectives et d'un soutien à la mesure des ressources de l'Union Européenne. Cependant, les défis de l'intégration européenne ne vont pas aussi sans susciter des craintes chez les agriculteurs hongrois. La transformation de l'agriculture est incompléte, les revenus et les investissements stagnent, les infrastructures rurales sont insuffisantes et l'organisation des marchés inefficace. Les agriculteurs hongrois acceptent difficilement de ne bénéficier que d'aides directes relativement faibles, alors que, dés le premier jour de l'accession, ils seront soumis à tous les réglements communautaires en matiére de santé et de sécurité alimentaires. La réforme de la PAC en juin 2003 complique encore et ralentit les travaux préparatoires à l'accession. Néanmoins, l'agriculture hongroise est résolue à relever le défi. L'Europe commune sera plus forte avec l'agriculture hongroise et cette derniére sera renforcée par son appartenance à l' Europe Ungarische Landwirtschaft kurz vor dem EU-Beitritt Ungarn und die ungarische Landwirtschaft setzen große Hoffnungen in den EU-Beitritt. Die Landwirtschaft und die Entwicklung des ländlichen Raums waren in den Beitrittsverhandlungen, beim Volksentscheid zum Beitritt und bei den Vorbereitungen des Beitritts von entscheidender Bedeutung. Das Gelingen bei der Integration unserer Landwirtschaft in die GAP und den Binnenmarkt wird die öffendiche Meinung in den Jahren nach dem Beitritt entscheidend beeinflussen. Wir erhoffen uns von unserer Mitgliedschaft stabilere Marktbedingungen und bessere Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten im ländlichen Raum, wo Verbesserungen im Hinblick auf Beschäftigungssituation und Lebensbedingungen dringend erforderlich sind. Dies wird durch unsere Integration in den Binnenmarkt, unseren Beitrag zur Entscheidungsfindung und mit Hilfe von EU-Ressourcen erfolgen. Die Herausforderungen der EU-Mitgliedschaft rufen jedoch bei den ungarischen Landwirten auch Ängste hervor. Die Transformation der Landwirtschaft ist noch nicht abgeschlossen, die ländwirtschaftlichen Einkommen und die Investitionen stagnieren, die landliche Infrastruktur ist recht schwach entwickelt und die Vermarktung ist relativ ineffizient. Die ungarischen Landwirte können nur schwer akzeptieren, dass ab dem ersten Tag ihres Beitritts zwar alle Gesundheits- und Nahrungs-mittelsicherheitsbestimmunge n eingehalten werden müssen, aber nur geringe direkte Beihilfen gewährt werden. Die Reform der GAP vom Juni 2003 irritiert und verzögert unsere Vorbereitungen. Die ungarische Landwirtschaft ist jedoch entschlossen, sich den Herausforderungen des Beitritts zu stellen. Unser gemeinsames Europa wird mit der ungarischen Landwirtschaft noch stärker, und die ungarische Landwirtschaft muss durch unsere EU-Mitgliedschaft gestärkt werden. [source]

Cannabinoid receptor ligands as potential anticancer agents , high hopes for new therapies?

JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY: AN INTERNATI ONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, Issue 7 2009
Susanne Oesch
Abstract Objectives The endocannabinoid system is an endogenous lipid signalling network comprising arachidonic-acid-derived ligands, cannabinoid (CB) receptors, transporters and endocannabinoid degrading enzymes. The CB1 receptor is predominantly expressed in neurons but is also co-expressed with the CB2 receptor in peripheral tissues. In recent years, CB receptor ligands, including ,9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, have been proposed as potential anticancer agents. Key findings This review critically discusses the pharmacology of CB receptor activation as a novel therapeutic anticancer strategy in terms of ligand selectivity, tissue specificity and potency. Intriguingly, antitumour effects mediated by cannabinoids are not confined to inhibition of cancer cell proliferation; cannabinoids also reduce angiogenesis, cell migration and metastasis, inhibit carcinogenesis and attenuate inflammatory processes. In the last decade several new selective CB1 and CB2 receptor agents have been described, but most studies in the area of cancer research have used non-selective CB ligands. Moreover, many of these ligands exert prominent CB receptor-independent pharmacological effects, such as activation of the G-protein-coupled receptor GPR55, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and the transient receptor potential vanilloid channels. Summary The role of the endocannabinoid system in tumourigenesis is still poorly understood and the molecular mechanisms of cannabinoid anticancer action need to be elucidated. The development of CB2 -selective anticancer agents could be advantageous in light of the unwanted central effects exerted by CB1 receptor ligands. Probably the most interesting question is whether cannabinoids could be useful in chemoprevention or in combination with established chemotherapeutic agents. [source]