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High Antibody Titers (high + antibody_titer)
Selected AbstractsORIGINAL ARTICLE: Estradiol Limits Viral Replication Following Intravaginal Immunization Leading to Diminished Mucosal IgG Response and Non-sterile Protection Against Genital Herpes ChallengeAMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 4 2010Amy Gillgrass Citation Gillgrass A, Chege D, Bhavanam S, Kaushic C. Estradiol limits viral replication following intravaginal immunization leading to diminished mucosal IgG response and non-sterile protection against genital herpes challenge. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 63: 299,309 Problem, Previously we reported that ovariectomized (OVX) mice receiving estradiol (E) prior to immunization with an attenuated strain of HSV-2 (TK-HSV-2) were not protected. Lack of protection in the E group was because of the inability of TK-HSV-2 to penetrate the thick keratinized epithelium. In this study, we determined the outcome of immunization after the thickening of vaginal epithelium following E-treatment waned. OVX, C57BL/6 mice were given Progesterone (P), E or saline (S) for 3 days and immunized with IVAG TK-HSV-2. Method of study, To determine the time point at which E-treated mice could be successfully immunized, the mice were inoculated with TK-HSV-2 between days 1 and 7 (ED1,ED7) post-E-treatment and challenged with IVAG HSV-2 three weeks later. Results, The level of infection post-immunization correlated with HSV-2-specific IgG antibody level, which correlated with sterile protection. No viral infection was observed in ED1,ED3 groups and no specific antibodies were detected, resulting in no protection. Moderate infection was seen in ED5 group, resulting in low antibody production and non-sterile protection in 87.5% of mice. High antibody titers and sterile protection were observed in all groups that experienced robust infection post-immunization. Conclusion, The results show that estradiol leads to limited viral replication and diminished mucosal IgG response, resulting in non-sterile immune protection against genital herpes infection. [source] Recurrent episcleritis associated with brucellosisACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 1 2001vanç Güngör ABSTRACT. Purpose: To document the clinical course and the treatment of episcleritis associated with brucellosis. Methods: Three consecutive cases of patients with recurrent episcleritis associated with brucellosis were evaluated through clinical and laboratory data including serology (tube agglutination), blood culture, and synovial fluid culture. Results: All the patients had ingested contaminated milk and/or fresh cheese. The diagnosis of brucellosis was confirmed by high antibody titer, positive blood culture, negative synovial fluid culture and unresponsive condition to the previous nonspecific therapy for episcleritis and reactive arthritis. The patients responded well to the therapy with doxycycline and rifampicin. Conclusion: We proposed that recurrent episcleritis had a co-occurence with reactive arthritis in the course of the brucellosis, and that it responded well to the antibrucellar antibiotics rather than to steroids. This also implies that brucellosis as a rule is an underlying triggering infection associated with reactive arthritis. [source] Prevalence of high antibody titers of pertussis in Turkey: reflection of circulating microorganism and a threat to infantsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Issue 3 2007Berrin Esen Abstract Acute pertussis infection among adults can cause its transmission to the larger population, especially to infants and young children, who can develop severe disease. In order to determine an age-dependent pertussis immune response, anti-pertussis toxin (PT) antibody was detected by the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in serum samples from 2,085 healthy subjects ranging in age from 6 months to ,60 years. Also included in the evaluation were responses to a questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics, vaccination, and infection history. Titers of 50,99 ELISA units (EU)/mL and of ,100,EU/mL were accepted as indicative for recent exposure or infection. In addition, 30,EU/mL was estimated to be a sufficient titer in women of childbearing age to protect their newborns until administration of their first dose of pertussis vaccine. After the age of 4,5 years, presence of high-titered antibodies that increase with age might be a reflection of circulating infection and indicate the magnitude of the threat to infants. According to the questionnaires, in the groups younger than 15 years old, three to four doses of diphtheria toxoid-whole cell pertussis-tetanus toxoid (DwPT) were administered in 47.2 to 77.4%, 91.2 to 100.0%, and 83.5 to 100.0% of participants in Diyarbakir, Samsun, and Antalya, respectively. In addition, up to half of the expectant mothers we studied lacked a sufficient level of estimated antibody titers. To protect infants from life-threatening pertussis infection, improving vaccination coverage to ensure herd immunity and uniformly establishing coverage throughout the country are essential. Furthermore, revaccination with acellular vaccine for schoolchildren as well as for the households of pregnant women is recommended. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 21:154,161, 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] GRA7 provides protective immunity in cocktail DNA vaccines against Toxoplasma gondiiPARASITE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 9 2007E. JONGERT SUMMARY In a previous study, single-gene vaccination with GRA1, GRA7 or ROP2 was shown to elicit partial protection against Toxoplasma gondii. In this study, the contribution of each antigen in the evoked humoral and cellular immune responses was evaluated after vaccination with plasmid mixtures containing GRA1, GRA7 and ROP2. Cocktail DNA vaccinated mice developed high antibody titers against the antigens from two-gene DNA vaccine cocktails, but lower titres when immunized with the three-gene cocktail. High numbers of IFN-, secreting splenocytes were generated predominantly against GRA7. Brain cyst burden was reduced by 81% in mice vaccinated with the three-gene mixture and they were completely protected against acute toxoplasmosis. Similar high levels of brain cyst reductions were obtained after vaccination with cocktails composed of GRA1 and GRA7 (89% reduction), or GRA7 and ROP2 (79% reduction), but not with the cocktail composed of GRA1 and ROP2. In low dose single-gene vaccinations, IFN-, and strong protection could only be elicited by GRA7. Hence, the presence of GRA7 in the DNA vaccine formulation was important for optimal protection and this was correlated with GRA7-specific IFN-, production. We propose GRA7 as a main component in cocktail DNA vaccines for vaccination against T. gondii. [source] An association between chronic infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae and lung cancer.APMIS, Issue 9 2001A prospective 2-year study This study assesses a possible relationship between chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) infection and lung cancer (LC). A total of 210 consecutive patients (136 M, 74 F) were diagnosed with LC during a 2-year period. Blood was obtained from 128 M and 70 F patients for Cpn serology. Repeat blood specimens were taken after 3 months. Throat specimens for Cpn DNA analysis by PCR were taken from 110/136 M and 63/74 F. Seventy-four cytobrush specimens were taken and also analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fifty (29 M, 21 F) bronchial biopsies and 8 (6 M, 2 F) tumors resected at surgery were analyzed for Cpn by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Males had significantly more often squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) than females. Other types of LC were more equally distributed between males and females. The difference between males and females regarding smoking history was significant, and male LC patients had significantly higher levels of IgG and/or IgA antibodies than female LC patients. Male and female LC patients had significantly higher prevalences of high antibody titers than controls. A high prevalence of unusually high titers of specific Cpn antibodies was found in male LC patients. This could indicate that LC may be induced by chronic Cpn infection, since stable high titers of Cpn antibodies, especially IgA, are a hallmark of chronic infections. [source] | ||||||||||