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High Adherence (high + adherence)
Selected AbstractsHigh Adherence to Antihypertensive Therapy is Rare But When Present Is Associated With a Decreased Risk of Cardiovascular EventsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION, Issue 3 2010Michael J. Bloch MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] The relationship between dosing of alosetron and discontinuation patterns reported by patients participating in a follow-up programmeALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 3 2007P. TENNIS Summary Background Alosetron was reintroduced for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with a risk management programme in November 2002. Recommended starting dosage was 1 mg/day for 4 weeks. If symptoms remained uncontrolled, dosage could be changed to 2 mg/day. Aim To describe alosetron dosages and associated patient characteristics from the Lotronex follow-up survey programme. Methods Patients reported dosages of alosetron at start and regular follow-up intervals. Analyses were limited to patients with the potential to have at least 1 year of follow-up (enrolled between 9 December 2002 and 31 December 2003). Results At baseline, 75% of 2817 respondents reported starting on 1 mg/day, 17% on 2 mg/day and 8% on other doses. Adherence to recommended starting dosage did not vary by status at end of follow-up, previous alosetron experience or age. At last reported dose, 50% of respondents were using 1 mg/day; 29% were using 2 mg/day. Discontinuation was not related to baseline doses. Longer times to discontinuation were associated with previous use, symptoms for more than 6 months and dose change throughout follow-up. Conclusions High adherence to recommended dosing at baseline and follow-up suggests that the risk management programme is encouraging safe use of alosetron, including adherence to dosing recommendations. [source] Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and fresh fruit intake are associated with improved asthma controlALLERGY, Issue 7 2008R. Barros Background:, The traditional Mediterranean diet is claimed to possess antioxidant and immune-regulatory properties in several chronic diseases. Typical Mediterranean foods have recently been associated with improvement of symptoms of asthma and rhinitis in children. However the effect of adherence to Mediterranean diet on adult asthma outcomes is unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to Mediterranean diet and asthma control. Methods:, Cross sectional study of 174 asthmatics, mean (SD) age of 40 (15) years. The patients were defined as controlled, in contrast to noncontrolled, if they showed FEV1 , 80% of predicted, exhaled nitric oxide (NO) ,35 ppb, and Asthma Control Questionnaire score <1. Dietary intake was obtained by a food frequency questionnaire, and Mediterranean diet was assessed by alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) Score. Logistic regression models adjusting for confounders were performed to estimate the association between Mediterranean diet and asthma control. Results:, Controlled asthmatics (23%) had significantly higher aMED Score, intake of fresh fruit, and lower intake of ethanol compared to noncontrolled (77%). High adherence to Mediterranean diet reduced 78% the risk of noncontrolled asthma after adjusting for gender, age, education, inhaled corticosteroids and energy intake (OR = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.05,0.85; P -trend = 0.028). The higher intake of fresh fruit decreased the probability of having noncontrolled asthma (OR = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.10,0.83; P -trend = 0.015), while the higher intake of ethanol had the opposite effect (OR = 3.16; 95% CI = 1.10,9.11; P -trend = 0.035). Conclusion:, High adherence to traditional Mediterranean diet increased the likelihood of asthma to be under control in adults. The study introduces a novel link between diet and asthma control, as measured by symptoms, lung function and exhaled NO. [source] Benefit of Adherence With Bisphosphonates Depends on Age and Fracture Type: Results From an Analysis of 101,038 New Bisphosphonate Users,,JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 9 2008Jeffrey R Curtis Abstract The relationship between high adherence to oral bisphosphonates and the risk of different types of fractures has not been well studied among adults of different ages. Using claims data from a large U.S. health care organization, we quantified adherence after initiating bisphosphonate therapy using the medication possession ratio (MPR) and identified fractures. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the rate of fracture among nonadherent persons (MPR < 50%) compared with highly adherent persons (MPR , 80%) across several age strata and a variety of types of clinical fractures. In conjunction with fracture incidence rates among the nonadherent, these estimates were used to compute the number needed to treat with high adherence to prevent one fracture, by age and fracture type. Among 101,038 new bisphosphonate users, the proportion of persons with high adherence at 1, 2, and 3 yr was 44%, 39%, and 35%, respectively. Among 65- to 78-yr-old persons with a physician diagnosis of osteoporosis, the crude and adjusted rate of hip fracture among the nonadherent was 1.96 (95% CI, 1.48,2.60) and 1.74 (95% CI, 1.30,2.31), respectively, resulting in a number needed to treat with high adherence to prevent one hip fracture of 107. The impact of high adherence was substantially less for other types of fractures and for younger persons. Analysis of adherence in a non,time-dependent fashion artifactually magnified differences in fracture rates between adherent and nonadherent persons. The antifracture effectiveness associated with high adherence to oral bisphosphonates varied substantially by age and fracture type. These results provide estimates of absolute fracture effectiveness across age subgroups and fracture types that have been minimally evaluated in clinical trials and may be useful for future cost-effectiveness studies. [source] Low-level plasma HIVs in patients on prolonged suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy are produced mostly by cells other than CD4 T-cellsJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 1 2009Gautam K. Sahu Abstract The cellular source(s) and the clinical significance of persistent low-level viremia, below 50 HIV RNA copies per ml of plasma, achieved in many patients with high adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) remain unclear. Also, it is not clear if residual plasma HIVs during HAART can become predominant populations in the rebounding plasma viral loads after therapy interruption. Since, different HIV quasispecies tend to compartmentalize in various cell types and tissue locations in patients during chronic infection, the phylogenetic relationships between HIV sequences amplified from residual plasma viruses and CD4 T cells of five patients on long-term suppressive therapy were examined. Three of these patients stopped therapy voluntarily for 3 weeks, but only one of them demonstrated viral load rebound in plasma. In phylogenetic analyses, the residual plasma viruses were found to be distinct genetically from the majority of CD4 T cell-associated virus populations in four of five patients. The compartmental analyses revealed that in all patients, plasma- and CD4 T cell-derived viral sequences were compartmentalized separately. Interestingly, the plasma sequences obtained before and after HAART-off in two patients were produced apparently from the same compartment, which was different from the circulating CD4 T cell-compartment. These results suggest the possibility that residual plasma viruses in patients on long-term suppressive HAART may be produced persistently from a cellular source yet to be identified, and are capable of spreading quickly in vivo, accounting for the rapid rebound of viral loads in plasma after therapy interruption. J. Med. Virol. 81:9,15, 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Use of Court-ordered Supervised Disulfiram Therapy at DVA Medical Centers in the United StatesTHE AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS, Issue 3 2005Brandon Martin B.A. Having reported high adherence to court-mandated disulfiram treatment, we hypothesized that other Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) medical centers would report frequent use of this modality. Telephone interviews with DVA substance abuse clinics in 48 of the 50 states matched the national DVA frequencies. Phone survey responders reported disulfiram prescription as never/rarely 63%, sometimes 32%, and often 5%, while court-ordered disulfiram was used never/rarely 95%, sometimes 3%, and often 2%. Nationally, disulfiram prescriptions covered only 0.07% of all veterans seen. These data suggest a need for a re-evaluation of disulfiram as an underused treatment for alcohol dependence. [source] | ||||||||||