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Histamine Content (histamine + content)
Selected AbstractsMast cell lines HMC-1 and LAD2 in comparison with mature human skin mast cells , drastically reduced levels of tryptase and chymase in mast cell linesEXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 9 2010Sven Guhl Please cite this paper as: Mast cell lines HMC-1 and LAD2 in comparison with mature human skin mast cells , drastically reduced levels of tryptase and chymase in mast cell lines. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 845,847. Abstract:, To circumvent the costly isolation procedure associated with tissue mast cells (MC), two human MC lines, i.e. HMC-1 and LAD2, are frequently employed, but their relation to mature MC is unknown. Here, we quantitatively assessed their expression of MC markers in direct comparison to skin MC (sMC). sMC expressed all lineage markers at highest and HMC-1 cells at lowest levels. LAD2 cells expressed comparable high-affinity IgE receptor , (Fc,RI,) and Fc,RI, but less Fc,RI, than sMC and displayed slightly reduced, but robust Fc,RI-mediated histamine release. Only minor differences were found for total histamine content and c-Kit expression. Huge, and to this level unexpected, differences were found for MC tryptase and chymase, with sMC >>> LAD2 > HMC-1. Taken together, HMC-1 cells represent very immature malignantly transformed MC, whereas LAD2 cells can be considered intermediately differentiated. Because of the minute levels of MC proteases, MC lines can serve as surrogates of tissue MC to a limited degree only. [source] DETERMINATION OF HISTAMINE AND BACTERIAL ISOLATION IN MARLIN FILLETS (MAKAIRA NIGRICANS) IMPLICATED IN A FOODBORNE POISONINGJOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY, Issue 3 2010H.C. CHEN ABSTRACT An incident of foodborne poisoning causing illness in seven victims due to ingestion of marlin fillets occurred in August, 2008, in Kaohsiung City, southern Taiwan. The two suspected marlin samples contained 47.8 and 43.5 mg/100 g of histamine, which is greater than the 5.0 mg/100 g allowable limit suggested by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Given the allergy-like symptoms of the victims and the high histamine content in the suspected marlin samples, this foodborne poisoning was strongly suspected to be due to histamine intoxication. Two histamine-producing bacterial strains capable of producing 3.10 ppm and 4.20 ppm of histamine in trypticase soy broth (TSB) supplemented with 1.0% l -histidine (TSBH) were identified as Bacillus subtilis by 16S rDNA sequencing with polymerase chain reaction amplification. However, major histamine-forming bacteria might have been killed during the preparation of fillets before serving and these two B. subtilis isolates might not be the main contributors to histamine accumulation in suspected fillets. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Based on the finding that high contents of histamine (>40 mg/100 g) were detected in the suspected marlin samples, we speculate the temperature abuse of the fillets before cooking contributed to the presence of high histamine levels in marlin fillets and resulted in foodborne poisoning. Although two histamine-producing Bacillus subtilis strains were isolated from suspected fish samples, both might not to be the main contributors to histamine accumulation because of low histamine production. These results re-emphasize proper handling temperature for seafoods and offer an important awareness which Makaira nigricans fillets could become a hazardous food item in causing histamine poisoning even though no quality deficiency was observed on the fillets. [source] GENERATION OF BIOLUMINESCENT MORGANELLA MORGANII AND ITS POTENTIAL USAGE IN DETERMINATION OF GROWTH LIMITS AND HISTAMINE PRODUCTIONJOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY, Issue 2 2009MEHDI ZAREI ABSTRACT A mini-Tn5 promoter probe carrying the intact lux operon of Photorhabdus luminescens (pUT mini-Tn5 luxCDABE) which allowed measurement of light output without the addition of exogenous substrate was constructed. It was used to create a pool of chromosomally lux -marked strains of Morganella morganii. Also plasmid-mediated expression of bioluminescence in M. morganii was assessed using plasmid pT7-3 luxCDABE. No significant differences in growth and histamine formation characteristics of the lux -marked strains and wild type M. morganii strain were observed. Luminescent strain of M. morganii was used in experiments in which the correlation between light output, viable cell count and histamine formation was assessed. During the exponential growth phase, a positive linear correlation was observed between these three parameters in trypticase soy broth-histidine medium at 37C. It was demonstrated that expression of bioluminescence had not had a significant effect upon both growth rate and histamine production. Thus, the measurement of bioluminescence was found to be a simple, fast and reliable method for determination of viable cell count and histamine content. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Constructing predictive models in microbiology requires a large number of data on desired factors. Commonly used traditional methods of counting viable cells and measuring histamine, e.g., to model the growth limits of M. morganii as a function of different intrinsic and extrinsic factors, are time consuming and laborious, and require a lot of laboratory space and materials. According to the results of this research, measurement of bioluminescence is a simple, fast and reliable method for the determination of viable cell count and histamine content during the exponential growth phase. Thus, it can be used as a labor- and material-saving selective data capture method for constructing predictive models in many different areas. [source] Monosodium urate monohydrate crystal,induced inflammation in vivo: Quantitative histomorphometric analysis of cellular eventsARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 6 2002C. Schiltz Objective To quantify the inflammatory cell response in rat air pouch pseudosynovial membrane during monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystal,induced inflammation. Methods In the rat air-pouch model, we used a computer-assisted histomorphometric method to quantify cell distributions, based on cell linear densities, in histologic sections of membranes from pouches injected with MSU or saline. The volume, white blood cell (WBC) count, and histamine content of the pouch exudates were determined at several time points. Results Injection of 10 mg of MSU crystals into the pouch produced an acute exudate. After peaking at 24 hours, the exudate volume and WBC count decreased spontaneously over the next 3 days, simulating the self-limited course of acute gout. Membrane thickness followed a parallel course. Membrane polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) linear densities were closely correlated with exudate WBC counts, suggesting PMN recruitment from the subintimal synovial membrane. Both monocyte/macrophage and mast cell linear densities increased in the subintimal layer 2 hours after crystal injection (P = 0.038 and P = 0.03, respectively, versus controls), whereas PMN linear densities showed 2 peaks, one at 4 hours and the other 24 hours. The exudate histamine content peaked 6 hours after crystal injection, when mast cell linear densities were minimal in the membranes, suggesting mast cell degranulation. Conclusion An increase in monocyte/macrophage and mast cell densities in the membrane preceded the PMN influx in the pouch membrane and exudate, suggesting that mast cells may be involved in the early phase of MSU crystal,induced inflammation, at least in this rat model. [source] Prolonged effect of a single serotonin treatment in adult age on the serotonin and histamine content of white blood cells and mast cells of ratsCELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION, Issue 2 2003G. Csaba Abstract Hormonal imprinting was provoked by serotonin treatment in adult age. Three weeks after treatment with 100,,g serotonin, the serotonin and histamine content of peritoneal cells (mast cells, lymphocytes and the monocyte,macrophage,granulocyte group), white blood cells (lymphocytes, granulocytes and monocytes) and thymic lymphocytes was studied by flow cytometry. The content of both amines was significantly higher in the mast cells of males and lower in females. Blood lymphocytes contained a higher serotonin and histamine level in males, and a lower serotonin level in females. The peritoneal monocyte,macrophage,granulocyte group contained less serotonin in both males and females. Thymocytes contained higher levels of both amines in females and higher histamine level in males. The experiments demonstrate that a single treatment at adult age can provoke imprinting, which alters,in the present case,the serotonin and histamine content of immune cells durably. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Development of Amygdaloid Kindling in Histidine Decarboxylase,deficient and Histamine H1 Receptor,deficient MiceEPILEPSIA, Issue 4 2004Tadashi Hirai Summary: Purpose: This study attempted to clarify the role of histamine or histamine H1 receptors in the development of amygdaloid kindling by using histidine decarboxylase (HDC)-deficient and histamine H1 receptor (H1R)-deficient mice. Methods: Under pentobarbital anesthesia, mice were fixed to a stereotaxic apparatus, and bipolar electrodes were implanted into the right amygdala. Electrodes were connected to a miniature receptacle, which was embedded in the skull with dental cement. A bipolar electroencephalogram was recorded; bipolar stimulation of the amygdala was applied every day with a constant-current stimulator and continued until a generalized convulsion was obtained. Results: The development of amygdaloid kindling in HDC-deficient and H1R-deficient mice was significantly accelerated compared with that in their respective wild-type mice. In addition, the afterdischarge (AD) duration and generalized seizure duration in HDC-deficient and H1R-deficient mice were prolonged. Intraperitoneal injection of histidine resulted in an inhibition of amygdaloid kindled seizures in wild-type mice at doses that caused an increase in the histamine contents of the brain. However, no significant effect was observed with histidine in H1R-deficient mice at the same dose. Conclusions: These findings suggest that histaminergic mechanisms through H1 receptors play a crucial role not only in amygdaloid kindled seizures but also in the development of amygdaloid kindling. [source] Release of prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4 in response to hyperosmolar stimulation of mast cellsALLERGY, Issue 12 2006M. Gulliksson Background:, Mannitol-induced bronchoconstriction in subjects with exercise-induced asthma is associated with increased urinary excretion of 9,, 11, -PGF2, a metabolite of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) serving as a mast cell marker. It has however been questioned whether or not human mast cells release PGD2 and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) after osmotic challenge with mannitol in vitro. Methods:, Cord blood-derived human mast cells were stimulated osmotically, immunologically or with a combination of both. Supernatants were analysed for PGD2, LTC4 and histamine contents with enzyme immunoassays. Results:, Significant release of de novo synthesized eicosanoids, predominantly PGD2 [12 (8.8, 14) pmol/106cells; median (25th, 75th percentile) but also LTC4 (0.1 (0.08, 0.15) pmol/106 cells] were found in mast cells in vitro in response to 0.7 M mannitol stimulation. A massive release of histamine [70 (5.3)% of total; mean (SEM)] was also found. There were no correlations between the levels of released mediators after mannitol stimulation. In contrast, there was a correlation between release of PGD2 and LTC4, following immunological stimulation. Conclusion:, The findings support that hyperosmolar challenge activates mast cells, but different than antigen stimulation. [source] | ||||||||||