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Healthy Elderly (healthy + elderly)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences66%

Terms modified by Healthy Elderly

  • healthy elderly people
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  • healthy elderly subject
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    Selected Abstracts

    Salvia officinalis (sage) improves cognitive performance in the healthy elderly

    FOCUS ON ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH, Issue 3 2008
    A Scholey
    [source]

    Combination product containing Ginkgo biloba has no effect on cognitive function, quality of life or platelet function in the healthy elderly

    FOCUS ON ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH, Issue 3 2007
    J Carlson
    [source]

    White-matter lesions along the cholinergic tracts are related to cortical sources of EEG rhythms in amnesic mild cognitive impairment

    HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, Issue 5 2009
    Claudio Babiloni
    Abstract Does impairment of cholinergic systems represent an important factor in the development of amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), as a preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD)? Here we tested the hypothesis that electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms, known to be modulated by the cholinergic system, may be particularly affected in aMCI patients with lesions along the cholinergic white-matter tracts. Eyes-closed resting EEG data were recorded in 28 healthy elderly (Nold) and 57 aMCI patients. Lesions along the cholinergic white-matter tracts were detected with fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences on magnetic resonance imaging. The estimation of the cholinergic lesion was performed with a validated semi-automatic algorithm pipeline after registration to a stereotactic template, image integration with stereotactic masks of the cholinergic tracts, and normalization to intracranial volume. The aMCI patients were divided into two groups of high (MCI Ch+; N = 29; MMSE = 26.2) and low cholinergic damage (MCI Ch,; N = 28; MMSE = 26.6). EEG rhythms of interest were delta (2,4 Hz), theta (4,8 Hz), alpha 1 (8,10.5 Hz), alpha 2 (10.5,13 Hz), beta 1 (13,20 Hz), and beta 2 (20,30 Hz). Cortical EEG generators were estimated by LORETA software. As main results, (i) power of occipital, parietal, temporal, and limbic alpha 1 sources was maximum in Nold, intermediate in MCI Ch,, and low in MCI Ch+ patients; (ii) the same trend was true in theta sources. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that damage to the cholinergic system is associated with alterations of EEG sources in aMCI subjects. Hum Brain Mapp 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

    Discrete dynamic Bayesian network analysis of fMRI data

    HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, Issue 1 2009
    John Burge
    Abstract We examine the efficacy of using discrete Dynamic Bayesian Networks (dDBNs), a data-driven modeling technique employed in machine learning, to identify functional correlations among neuroanatomical regions of interest. Unlike many neuroimaging analysis techniques, this method is not limited by linear and/or Gaussian noise assumptions. It achieves this by modeling the time series of neuroanatomical regions as discrete, as opposed to continuous, random variables with multinomial distributions. We demonstrated this method using an fMRI dataset collected from healthy and demented elderly subjects (Buckner, et al., 2000: J Cogn Neurosci 12:24-34) and identify correlates based on a diagnosis of dementia. The results are validated in three ways. First, the elicited correlates are shown to be robust over leave-one-out cross-validation and, via a Fourier bootstrapping method, that they were not likely due to random chance. Second, the dDBNs identified correlates that would be expected given the experimental paradigm. Third, the dDBN's ability to predict dementia is competitive with two commonly employed machine-learning classifiers: the support vector machine and the Gaussian naïve Bayesian network. We also verify that the dDBN selects correlates based on non-linear criteria. Finally, we provide a brief analysis of the correlates elicited from Buckner et al.'s data that suggests that demented elderly subjects have reduced involvement of entorhinal and occipital cortex and greater involvement of the parietal lobe and amygdala in brain activity compared with healthy elderly (as measured via functional correlations among BOLD measurements). Limitations and extensions to the dDBN method are discussed. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

    White matter vascular lesions are related to parietal-to-frontal coupling of EEG rhythms in mild cognitive impairment

    HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, Issue 12 2008
    Claudio Babiloni
    Abstract Do cerebrovascular and Alzheimer's disease (AD) lesions represent additive factors in the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as a putative preclinical stage of AD? Here we tested the hypothesis that directionality of fronto-parietal functional coupling of electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms is relatively preserved in amnesic MCI subjects in whom the cognitive decline is mainly explained by white-matter vascular load. Resting EEG was recorded in 40 healthy elderly (Nold) and 78 amnesic MCI. In the MCI subjects, white-matter vascular load was quantified based on magnetic resonance images (0,30 visual rating scale). EEG rhythms of interest were , (2,4 Hz), , (4,8 Hz), ,1 (8,10.5 Hz), ,2 (10.5,13 Hz), ,1 (13,20 Hz), and ,2 (20,30 Hz). Directionality of fronto-parietal functional coupling of EEG rhythms was estimated by directed transfer function software. As main results, (i) fronto-parietal functional coupling of EEG rhythms was higher in magnitude in the Nold than in the MCI subjects; (ii) more interestingly, that coupling was higher at ,, ,1, ,2, and ,1 in MCI V+ (high vascular load; N = 42; MMSE = 26) than in MCI V, group (low vascular load; N = 36; MMSE= 26.7). These results are interpreted as supporting the additive model according to which MCI state would result from the combination of cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative lesions. Hum Brain Mapp 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

    Long-term memory correlates negatively with plasma transcobalamin in healthy elderly with normal plasma cobalamin levels

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 4 2001
    Karin Sparring Björkstén
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    Changes in Protein, Carbohydrate, and Fat Metabolism with Aging: Possible Role of Insulin

    NUTRITION REVIEWS, Issue 1 2000
    Paolo Tessari M.D.
    Age is associated with modifications of body composition, i.e., an increase in body fat mass and a decrease in protein mass. Because insulin controls substrate disposal and production, these changes could theoretically be related to changes in either insulin action or secretion on the various substrates. On the basis of available evidence, insulin action on whole-body amino acid and protein metabolism seems not to be impaired in the aged. Decreased synthesis of contractile and mitochondrial proteins in muscle, associated with decreased gene expression, was described in humans. Decreased physical activity apparently represents an important factor responsible for decreased muscle protein synthesis and mass in the elderly. Exercise in the elderly may acutely revert these changes, although its chronic effects are still uncertain. In addition, the possible interaction between insulin and exercise in the maintenance of muscle mass needs to be specifically investigated in aged people. Higher free fatty acid (FFA) absolute flux and oxidation rates were observed in healthy elderly subjects in both the fasting state and following hyperinsulinemia, but not when normalized over fat mass. This suggests that FFA kinetics reflect the established changes in fat mass. Insulin sensitivity on glucose metabolism is usually normal in the aged, despite subtle impairments in insulin secretion, hepatic uptake, and onset of action. Finally, data support the operation of the Randle cycle (i.e., inverse relationships between fat and glucose oxidation) in the elderly [source]

    Normative data on Benton Visual Form Discrimination Test for older adults and impaired scores in Clinical Dementia Rating 0.5 participants: Community-based study.

    PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 1 2009
    Tajiri Project, The Osaki
    Aims:, The Benton Visual Form Discrimination test (VFD) is one of the non-verbal tests to assess the capacity for complex visual form discrimination. The purposes of the present study were to investigate the effects of age and education level of the VFD in healthy elderly subjects, rigorously excluding participants with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) 0.5, and the characteristics of VFD patterns in CDR 0.5 participants. Methods:, The 597 participants included CDR 0 (healthy elderly, n = 405), CDR 0.5 (mild cognitive impairment, n = 161), and CDR 1 and 2 (dementia, n = 31). The VFD, Digit Forwards, Digit Backwards and Rey,Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) copying were used for neuropsychological assessment. Results:, There were significant effects of age and education level on the VFD in healthy participants, and the CDR 0.5 group had a lower score on the VFD than the healthy group. Low performance on the VFD was associated with Digit Backward and RCFT copying in both healthy and CDR 0.5 participants. Conclusions:, CDR 0.5 participants exhibit deficits of visual form discrimination related to attention, visual construction and organization. [source]

    Deterioration of the Pharyngo-UES Contractile Reflex in the Elderly ,

    THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 9 2000
    Junlong Ren MD
    Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis Deterioration of aerodigestive tract reflexes such as the esophagoglottal and pharyngoglottal closure reflexes and pharyngeal swallow has been documented in the elderly. However, the effect of aging on the contractile response of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) to pharyngeal water stimulation has not been studied. The aim of this study was to characterize the pharyngo-UES reflex in the healthy elderly. Methods We studied nine healthy elderly (77 ± 1 y [SD]; four men, five women) and nine healthy young volunteers (26 ± 2 y [SD]; four men, five women). A UES sleeve sensor was used to measure the pressure. We tested pharyngeal stimulation induced by rapid pulse and slow continuous injection of water. Results The volume of water required to stimulate the pharyngo-UES contractile reflex by rapid pulse injection in the elderly (0.5 ± 34 0.1 mL) was significantly higher than that in the young (0.1 ± 0.02 mL) (P < .05). In contrast to young subjects, there was no pressure increase in resting UES pressure observed in the elderly for continuous pharyngeal water infusion. In both young and elderly, the threshold volume for the pharyngo-UES contractile reflex was significantly lower than that for pharyngeal swallows. Conclusions The pharyngo-UES contractile reflex deteriorates with aging. This deterioration is primarily due to abnormalities of the afferent limb of the reflex. [source]