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Health Care Literature (health + care_literature)
Selected AbstractsSystematic reviews: gatekeepers of nursing knowledgeJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 5 2001David Evans BN, DipN ,,The past few decades have seen a considerable increase in the number of available health care products and interventions. This growth has been matched by a similar expansion in the health care literature. As a result of these factors, the demand for evidence to support practice is growing, but finding the best evidence is becoming increasingly difficult. ,,In response, the use of systematic reviews is increasing and they are starting to replace the primary research as the basis for health care decisions. ,,To date, these reviews have focused predominantly on effectiveness and so have been limited to randomized controlled trials. As a result of this, the interpretive, observational and descriptive research methods that are utilized by nursing have commonly been either excluded from the review or are classified as ,low level' evidence. ,,To address this, nursing must participate in the development of systematic review methods that better answer the questions posed by the profession. [source] Narrative vigilance: the analysis of stories in health careNURSING PHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2005John Paley ma Abstract The idea of narrative has been widely discussed in the recent health care literature, including nursing, and has been portrayed as a resource for both clinical work and research studies. However, the use of the term ,narrative' is inconsistent, and various assumptions are made about the nature (and functions) of narrative: narrative as a naive account of events; narrative as the source of ,subjective truth'; narrative as intrinsically fictional; and narrative as a mode of explanation. All these assumptions have left their mark on the nursing literature, and all of them (in our view) are misconceived. Here, we argue that a failure to distinguish between ,narrative' and ,story' is partly responsible for these misconceptions, and we offer an analysis that shows why the distinction between them is essential. In doing so, we borrow the concept of ,narrativity' from literary criticism. Narrativity is something that a text has degrees of, and our proposal is that the elements of narrativity can be ,sorted' roughly into a continuum, at the ,high narrativity' end of which we find ,story'. On our account, ,story' is an interweaving of plot and character, whose organization is designed to elicit a certain emotional response from the reader, while ,narrative' refers to the sequence of events and the (claimed) causal connections between them. We suggest that it is important not to confuse the emotional persuasiveness of the ,story' with the objective accuracy of the ,narrative', and to this end we recommend what might be called ,narrative vigilance'. There is nothing intrinsically authentic, or sacrosanct, or emancipatory, or paradigmatic about narrative itself, even though the recent health care literature has had a marked tendency to romanticize it. [source] Researching nursing practice: does person-centredness matter?,NURSING PHILOSOPHY, Issue 3 2003Brendan McCormack DPhil (Oxon ) BSc (Hons) Nursing PGCEA RGN RMN Abstract Person-centredness is common speak in nursing and health care literature. Increasingly there is an expectation that practitioners adopt person-centred principles in their practice and organizations are expected to respect the values of the service user. However, in the research methodology literature, there is little explicit attention paid to the concept of person-centredness in research practice. Instead, there continues to be a reliance on traditional ,ethical principles' to guide effectiveness in research work. This paper argues that the principles of person-centredness that are espoused in nursing practice should also underpin nursing and health care research. A framework for person-centred research is proposed and issues concerning its implementation in practice are discussed. [source] Constructions of competence within dietetics: Trust, professionalism and communications with individual clientsNUTRITION & DIETETICS, Issue 2 2009Robyn CANT Abstract Aim:, Issues of trust are important factors that affect communication in professional,client relationships. This paper aims to explore trust in communication from the viewpoint of both clients (the truster) and dietitians. Methods:, The qualitative research techniques were based on grounded theory. Purposive samples of 46 dietitians and 34 of their adult outpatients were drawn from health services (hospitals, community services and private clinics) in one state of Australia. Clients from eight centres were aged from 21 to 80+ years. Audio-recorded in-depth interviews and focus groups were used to gather data. Transcribed narratives were open-coded and examined for deviant cases. Themes identified in dietitian and client data sets describing clients' trust were compared. Results:, The themes identified confirmed a typology of trust (from the perspective of the truster) present in the health care literature. Clients' trust was derived from institutional context or reputation. Interpersonal trust perceived in verbal and non-verbal communications with a dietitian were in evidence. Dietitians' value attributes of integrity and respect were identified as traits that help build trust and demonstrate dietitians' professionalism. The findings were built into a concept model of trust. Conclusions:, Behaviours shown that convey a sense of acceptance, understanding and individual management may lead to positive communication, and hence help build a client's trust in a professional. The link between trust, performance and dietetics clients' outcomes should be investigated further. [source] Developing Expert Medical Teams: Toward an Evidence-based ApproachACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 11 2008Rosemarie Fernandez MD Abstract Current health care literature cites communication breakdown and teamwork failures as primary threats to patient safety. The unique, dynamic environment of the emergency department (ED) and the complexity of patient care necessitate the development of strong interdisciplinary team skills among emergency personnel. As part of the 2008 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference on "The Science of Simulation in Healthcare," our workshop group identified key theory and evidence-based recommendations for the design and implementation of team training programs. The authors then conducted an extensive review of the team training literature within the domains of organizational psychology, aviation, military, management, and health care. This review, in combination with the workshop session, formed the basis for recommendations and need for further research in six key areas: 1) developing and refining core competencies for emergency medicine (EM) teams; 2) leadership training for emergency physicians (EPs); 3) conducting comprehensive needs analyses at the organizational, personnel, and task levels; 4) development of training platforms to maximize knowledge transfer; 5) debriefing and provision of feedback; and 6) proper implementation of simulation technology. The authors believe that these six areas should form an EM team training research platform to advance the EM literature, while leveraging the unique team structures present in EM to expand team training theory and research. [source] | ||||||||||