Home  About us  Contact
 

Hemodynamic Factors (hemodynamic + factor)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Migraine With Aura After Intracranial Endovascular Procedures

HEADACHE, Issue 4 2001
R. Beekman MD
Objective.,To describe three cases of migraine (two with aura) after an intracranial endovascular procedure. Method.,Retrospective. Results.,One patient had an attack of migraine with prolonged aura after embolization of a dural arteriovenous fistula. Another patient had an attack of migraine with aura (and hemiparesis) after a diagnostic angiogram. The third patient already suffered from migraine with aura and had a migraine attack after embolization of an occipital arteriovenous malformation. A quadrantanopia persisted in this patient. Outcome of the other two patients was good. Conclusion.,Intracranial endovascular procedures can induce migraine with aura. We could not identify the underlying pathophysiological mechanism, but mechanical, chemical, immunological, or hemodynamic factors could be involved. [source]

Microvascular Thrombosis Models in Venules and Arterioles In Vivo

MICROCIRCULATION, Issue 3 2005
ROLANDO E. RUMBAUT MD
ABSTRACT Platelets are intimately involved in hemostasis and thrombosis. Under physiological conditions, circulating platelets do not interact with microvascular walls. However, in response to microvascular injury, platelet adhesion and subsequent thrombus formation may be observed in venules and arterioles in vivo. Numerous intravital video microscopy techniques have been described to induce and monitor the formation of microvascular thrombi. The mechanisms of microvascular injury vary widely among different models. Some models induce platelet activation with minimal effects on endothelium, others induce endothelial inflammation or injury, while other models lead to thrombus formation associated with endothelial denudation. The molecular mechanisms mediating platelet,vessel wall adhesive interactions differ among various models. In some instances, differences in responses between venules and arterioles are described that cannot be explained solely by hemodynamic factors. Several models for induction of microvascular thrombosis in vivo are outlined in this review, with a focus on the mechanisms of injury and thrombus formation, as well as on differences in responses between venules and arterioles. Recognizing these characteristics should help investigators select an appropriate model for studying microvascular thrombosis in vivo. [source]

Survival in pulmonary hypertension associated with the scleroderma spectrum of diseases: Impact of interstitial lung disease

ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 2 2009
Stephen C. Mathai
Objective Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an important cause of mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc), where it can be isolated (pulmonary arterial hypertension [PAH]) or associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD). This study was undertaken to characterize determinants of survival among SSc patients with either type of PH who received PAH-specific therapy. Methods Consecutive SSc patients with PAH or ILD-associated PH confirmed by right heart catheterization were included in the study. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare survival between SSc patients with PAH and those with ILD-associated PH and to identify predictors of survival. Results Fifty-nine patients (39 with PAH and 20 with ILD-associated PH) were identified. The majority (15 of 20 with ILD-associated PH and 27 of 39 with PAH) received an endothelin receptor antagonist as initial therapy. Median followup time was 4.4 years (range 2.7,7.4 years). Survival was significantly worse in SSc patients with ILD-associated PH than in those with PAH (1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates 82%, 46%, and 39% versus 87%, 79%, and 64%, respectively; P < 0.01 by log rank test). In a multivariable analysis, ILD-associated PH was associated with a 5-fold increase in risk of death compared with PAH. Pulmonary vascular resistance index was also an independent predictor of mortality in the overall cohort (hazard ratio 1.05, P < 0.01) and was a significant univariable risk factor in each group separately. Type of initial PAH therapy and the use of warfarin were not related to survival. Conclusion Survival in SSc complicated by PH remains poor despite currently available treatment options. While therapy may be associated with improved survival in PAH compared with historical controls, the prognosis for patients with ILD-associated PH is particularly grim. Early diagnosis and treatment may improve outcomes since worsening hemodynamic factors were associated with reduced survival. [source]

Practical tests for clinical diagnosis of kidney allograft dysfunction

CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 2008
Masayoshi Miura
Abstract:, Graft dysfunction after renal transplant occurs due to a variety of causes. Graft biopsy is a mainstay in the diagnosis of graft dysfunction, including rejection, infection, glomerulonephritis and drug toxicity. Clinical tests including regular laboratory tests, antibody tests and imaging studies, however, are also important in the process of diagnosis. The possible causes of graft dysfunction are different depending on the period after transplantation. Pre-transplant donor factors may also affect the early graft function. Perioperative graft dysfunction is mainly related to hemodynamic factors and surgical complications. Early acute rejection may occur in immunologically high-risk cases. Later graft dysfunction may be related to infection, acute and chronic rejection or drug toxicity. Clinical tests to differentiate these factors are discussed in this paper. [source]