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Harvard Medical School (harvard + medical_school)
Selected AbstractsInterview with a Quality Leader: Dr. Ashish JhaJOURNAL FOR HEALTHCARE QUALITY, Issue 5 2010Kevin C. Park Abstract: Dr. Jha is an Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. The major themes of his research are: 1. Quality of care provided by healthcare systems, with a focus on healthcare disparities as a marker of poor care. 2. Information technology among other tools as potential solutions for reducing medical errors and disparities while improving overall quality. 3. Organizations that provide care for minorities and underserved populations and the role clinical information systems can play in improving their care. [source] Inflammatory bio-markers and cardiovascular risk predictionJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2002G. J. Blake Abstract.,Blake GJ, Ridker PM (Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA). Inflammatory bio-markers and cardiovascular risk prediction (Review). J Intern Med 2002; 252: 283,294. Inflammatory processes are now recognized to play a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications. Plasma levels of several markers of inflammation have been found to be associated with future cardiovascular risk in a variety of clinical settings. These markers include cell adhesion molecules, cytokines, pro-atherogenic enzymes and C-reactive protein (CRP). Initially thought of as an inactive downstream marker of the inflammatory cascade, emerging evidence suggests that CRP may be directly involved in atherogenesis, and that arterial plaque can produce CRP, independent of traditional hepatic pathways. In addition to being a strong predictor of future cardiovascular risk amongst patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes, numerous studies have found that baseline levels of CRP are associated with risk of future myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular disease and cardiovascular death amongst apparently healthy populations. The combination of measurement of a marker of inflammation with lipid testing may improve upon risk stratification based on lipid testing alone, and intensification of programmes for exercise, weight loss, and smoking cessation is recommended for those with elevated CRP levels. Further trials are needed to confirm the potential benefits of statins amongst individuals with elevated CRP levels. [source] Diet and breast cancerJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 5 2001W. C. Willett Abstract.,Willett WC (Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA). Diet and Breast Cancer. J Intern Med 2001; 249: 395,411. [source] Addition of sodium bicarbonate to lidocaine decreases the duration of peripheral nerve block in rat. (Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA) Anesthesiology 2000;93:1045,1052.PAIN PRACTICE, Issue 2 2001Catherine J. Sinnott This study evaluated the effect of adding sodium bicarbonate to lidocaine with and without epinephrine versus equivalent alkalinization by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on onset, degree, and duration of peripheral nerve block. The study was broken up into two parts. Part I examined alkalinization by sodium bicarbonate versus NaOH to pH 7.8 on 0.5% lidocaine, with and without epinephrine prepared from crystalline salt. Part II examined 0.5% and 1.0% commercial lidocaine solutions, with and without epinephrine, either unalkalinized or alkalinized with sodium bicarbonate or NaOH. The study concluded that with 1% commercial lidocaine without epinephrine, sodium bicarbonate decreases the degree and duration of the block. However, in solutions with epinephrine, sodium bicarbonate hastens onset, without effecting degree or duration. Comment by Octavio Calvillo, M.D., Ph.D. There is evidence that adding sodium bicarbonate to lidocaine without epinephrine improves the quality of epidural block, whereas adding sodium bicarbonate to lidocaine with epinephrine does not. The addition of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate to 2% lidocaine without epinephrine was shown to decrease the onset time and enhance the depth of the epidural block. When bicarbonate was added to 2% lidocaine with epinephrine neither onset time nor depth of the epidural block was affected. Most investigators have used epidural block as their paradigm. The authors in this study used the sciatic nerve block of the rat. [source] The Blout Laboratory at Harvard Medical School from 1957 to 1972,BIOPOLYMERS, Issue 5 2008Elizabeth R. Simons Abstract Elkan R. Blout's laboratory at the Children's Cancer Research Foundation and Harvard Medical School pioneered many approaches to the synthesis, conformation and structural studies of polypeptides, biopolymers and selected proteins. Here the early days (1957,1972) of his research group are remembered. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 89: 336,337, 2008. This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The "Published Online" date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com [source] The Society of Academic and Research SurgeryBRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue S3 2006Article first published online: 6 SEP 200 The 6th meeting of The Society of Academic and Research Surgery was held at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, 11,13th January 2006. The Patey Prize was won by S-S Liau et al. (Eastern Deanery, UK and Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA) for a paper entitled ,Characterization of a novel mediator of malignant phenotype in pancreatic adenocarcinoma'. All Patey Prize abstracts are reproduced in the British Journal of Surgery (Br J Surg 2006; 93: 896,902). To view all other abstracts from this meeting, please click the pdf link on this page. Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Using information technology to improve surgical safetyBRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 8 2004D. W. Bates Patient Safety Leading Article Series, 2004 Dr David W Bates of Harvard Medical School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, has for some years had a major interest in information technology in healthcare. Here, he continues our ,Patient Safety' series of leading articles, exploring how the tools of the modern era can help avoid harm in the surgical arena. Copyright © 2004 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A case of an accessory brachialis muscleCLINICAL ANATOMY, Issue 6 2006Marios Loukas Abstract Functionally, the brachialis muscle serves a critical role as the primary flexor of the arm at the elbow. However, few reports exist in the literature, which describe variations of this muscle. We present a case of an accessory brachialis muscle (AcBr), found during routine dissection at Harvard Medical School during 2003. The AcBr originated medially from the mid-shaft of the humerus and the medial intermuscular septum. During its course medially, toward the elbow, the AcBr crossed both the brachial artery and the median nerve. The distal tendon split to surround the median nerve before inserting into the common tendon of the antebrachial flexor compartment muscles. Embryological origins and clinical considerations including median nerve entrapment are considered. Clin. Anat. 19:550,553, 2006. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||