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Haplotypes Belonging (haplotype + belonging)
Selected AbstractsSimilarities and distinctions in Y chromosome gene pool of Western SlavsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 4 2010Marcin Wo, niak Abstract Analysis of Y chromosome Y-STRs has proven to be a useful tool in the field of population genetics, especially in the case of closely related populations. We collected DNA samples from 169 males of Czech origin, 80 males of Slovakian origin, and 142 males dwelling Northern Poland. We performed Y-STR analysis of 12 loci in the samples collected (PowerPlex Y system from Promega) and compared the Y chromosome haplotype frequencies between the populations investigated. Also, we used Y-STR data available from the literature for comparison purposes. We observed significant differences between Y chromosome pools of Czechs and Slovaks compared to other Slavic and European populations. At the same time we were able to point to a specific group of Y-STR haplotypes belonging to an R1a haplogroup that seems to be shared by Slavic populations dwelling in Central Europe. The observed Y chromosome diversity may be explained by taking into consideration archeological and historical data regarding early Slav migrations. Am J Phys Anthropol 142:540,548, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Early Eurasian migration traces in the Tarim Basin revealed by mtDNA polymorphismsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 4 2010Yinqiu Cui Abstract The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms of 58 samples from the Daheyan village located in the central Taklamakan Desert of the Tarim Basin were determined in this study. Among the 58 samples, 29 haplotypes belonging to 18 different haplogroups were analyzed. Almost all the mtDNAs belong to a subset of either the defined Western or Eastern Eurasian pool. Extensive Eastern Eurasian lineages exist in the Daheyan population in which Northern-prevalent haplogroups present higher frequencies. In the limited existing Western Eurasian lineages, two sub-haplogroups, U3 and X2, that are rare in Central Asia were found in this study, which may be indicative of the remnants of an early immigrant population from the Near East and Caucasus regions preserved only in the Tarim Basin. The presence of U3 in modern and archeological samples in the Tarim Basin suggests that the immigration took place earlier than 2,000 years ago and points to human continuity in this area, with at least one Western lineage originating from the Near East and Caucasus regions. Am J Phys Anthropol 142:558,564, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Y-specific microsatellites reveal an African subfamily in taurine (Bos taurus) cattleANIMAL GENETICS, Issue 3 2010L. Pérez-Pardal Summary Five cattle Y-specific microsatellites, totalling six loci, were selected from a set of 44 markers and genotyped on 608 Bos taurus males belonging to 45 cattle populations from Europe and Africa. A total of 38 haplotypes were identified. Haplogroups (Y1 and Y2) previously defined using single nucleotide polymorphisms did not share haplotypes. Nine of the 27 Y2-haplotypes were only present in African cattle. Network and correspondence analyses showed that this African-specific subfamily clustered separately from the main Y2-subfamily and the Y1 haplotypes. Within-breed genetic variability was generally low, with most breeds (78%) showing haplotypes belonging to a single haplogroup. amova analysis showed that partitioning of genetic variation among breeds can be mainly explained by their geographical and haplogroup assignment. Between-breed genetic variability summarized via Principal Component Analysis allowed the identification of three principal components explaining 94.2% of the available information. Projection of principal components on geographical maps illustrated that cattle populations located in mainland Europe, the three European Peninsulas and Mediterranean Africa presented similar genetic variation, whereas those breeds from Atlantic Europe and British Islands (mainly carrying Y1 haplotypes) and those from Sub-Saharan Africa (belonging to Y2-haplogroup) showed genetic variation of a different origin. Our study confirmed the existence of two large Y-chromosome lineages (Y1 and Y2) in taurine cattle. However, Y-specific microsatellites increased analytical resolution and allowed at least two different Y2-haplotypic subfamilies to be distinguished, one of them restricted to the African continent. [source] Morphological and genetic analysis of Vietnamese Sus scrofa bones for evidence of pig domesticationANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL, Issue 6 2008Naotaka ISHIGURO ABSTRACT In the present study, we used morphological and genetic analyzes to distinguish bones of domestic boars from those of wild boars. We analyzed 65 Sus bones (cranium, mandible and teeth) stored in three research institutes in Vietnam and in a village in Vietnam. Based on comparison of bucco-lingual measurements of mandibular parts, the 58 specimens were morphologically classified into two size groups: a large bone group and a small bone group. Analysis of 572-bp mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences indicated that the large bones had genetic links to wild boar lineage including Ryukyu, Taiwan and Korean wild boars, and that the small bone group was closely related to East Asian domestic pigs. The phylogenetic analysis and parsimonious networks constructed among mtDNA haplotypes belonging to Ryukyu wild boar lineage showed that the Ryukyu wild boar is closely related to the Vietnamese wild boars, and uniquely miniaturized on their islands after the Ryukyu archipelago became isolated from the Asian continent. [source] Genetic variability of Austropotamobius italicus in the Marches region: implications for conservationAQUATIC CONSERVATION: MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS, Issue 3 2010Rosaria Cataudella Abstract 1.Ten populations of Austropotamobius italicus from the Marches region (Central Italy), two populations from the Appennines of Calabria and Basilicata (Southern Italy) and four populations from Friuli Venezia Giulia region were sampled to elucidate the geographical pattern of genetic variability in relation to recent and historical factors. 2.A total of nine COI haplotypes belonging to three separate lineages have been characterized. Both lineage A (Northern Marches region) and C (Friuli Venezia Giulia region) were represented by one haplotype and were related to the Istria 1 peninsula and SouthAlps/Western Balkans lineages respectively. The lineage B included seven haplotypes belonging to the Appenines lineage. 3.Two hypotheses on the origin of individuals belonging to the Istrian lineage in Marches are discussed: (i) a natural colonization from the Istria peninsula refugia by migrating westwards across the bridge between the Istria peninsula and Italy, (ii) an anthropogenic origin. Based on 16S rRNA sequences, the taxonomic status of lineage B and C, defined from COI mtDNA markers, belongs to A. i. meridionalis and that of lineage A belongs to A. i. carsicus. The existence of a complex geographic structure between Marches populations (,st=0.66) of A. i. meridionalis should be further considered in conservation management. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||