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Hair Density (hair + density)
Selected AbstractsEffects of Finasteride (1 mg) on Hair TransplantDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 10 2005Matt Leavitt DO Background. The improved scalp coverage achieved by hair transplant for men with androgenetic alopecia can be diminished by continued miniaturization and loss of preexisting, nontransplanted hairs. Objectives. To evaluate whether finasteride 1 mg, administered daily from 4 weeks before until 48 weeks after hair transplant, improves scalp hair and growth of nontransplanted hair in areas surrounding the transplant and to evaluate the safety and tolerability of finasteride for men undergoing hair transplant. Methods. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 79 men with androgenetic alopecia (20,45 years of age) were assigned to treatment with finasteride 1 mg (n = 40) or placebo (n = 39) once daily from 4 weeks before until 48 weeks after hair transplant. Efficacy was evaluated by review of global photographs by an expert dermatologist and by macrophotography for scalp hair counts. Results. Treatment with finasteride resulted in significant improvements from baseline, compared with placebo, in scalp hair based on global photographic assessment (p < .01) and hair counts (p < .01) at week 48. Visible increases in superior/frontal scalp hair post-transplant were recorded for 94% and 67% of patients in the finasteride and placebo groups, respectively. Finasteride treatment was generally well tolerated. Conclusion. For men with androgenetic alopecia, therapy with finasteride 1 mg daily from 4 weeks before until 48 weeks after hair transplant improves scalp hair surrounding the hair transplant and increases hair density. [source] Effect of Wax Epilation Before Hair Removal With a Long-Pulsed Alexandrite Laser: A Pilot StudyDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 2 2003Michael S. Lehrer MD Background. Recent reports indicate that laser hair removal is most effective on anagen hairs. However, no published trials have examined laser epilation after hair cycle synchronization. Objective. To evaluate the potential for enhanced laser hair removal after the induction of telogen hairs into anagen by wax epilation. Methods. We identified four 2.5-cm square areas with equivalent hair length and density on the backs of 13 dark-haired white men. To induce typically telogen hairs into anagen, two areas on each patient were wax epilated. Two weeks later, one waxed area and one unwaxed area were treated with a long-pulsed alexandrite laser. One month after laser treatment, a subjective comparison was made based on hair density, length, and thickness. Results. In 12 of 13 patients, lasered areas that had been pretreated with wax epilation were clearer of hair as compared with areas that had been pretreated by shaving (P=0.0034). No significant difference was noted between waxed and unwaxed control areas that had not been laser treated (P=1.0). Conclusion. Wax epilation 2 weeks before laser hair removal improves cosmetic outcomes at 1 month. This effect may be secondary to the recruitment and heightened sensitivity of early anagen hairs. [source] The Potential Role of Minoxidil in the Hair Transplantation SettingDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 10 2002Marc R. Avram background. Over the last decade surgical management of hair loss has become an increasingly popular and satisfying procedure for both men and women, as innovations in donor harvesting, graft size, and hairline design have resulted in consistently natural-appearing hair restoration. objective. In addition, a better understanding of the regulation of the hair-growth cycle has led to advances in the pharmacologic treatment of androgenetic alopecia. methods. Currently there are two U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents that promote hair regrowth: over-the-counter topical minoxidil solution for men and women and prescription oral finasteride tablets for men. In October 2001, a group of 11 international experts on hair loss and hair transplantation convened to review the physiology and effects of pharmacologic treatments of hair loss and to discuss the value of administering topical minoxidil therapy as an adjunct to hair transplantation. results. This article presents the key findings and consensus points among the participants, including their current use of pharmacologic treatments, strategies for optimal results both pre- and postsurgery, and the importance of realistic patient expectations and compliance. conclusions. Based on the surgeons' clinical experience, the use of approved hair regrowth agents in hair transplant patients with viable but suboptimally functioning follicles in the region to be transplanted can increase hair density, speed regrowth in transplanted follicles, and complement the surgical result by slowing down or stopping further hair loss. [source] The Art of Repair in Surgical Hair Restoration Part I: Basic Repair StrategiesDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 9 2002Robert M. Bernstein MD background. An increasingly important part of many hair restoration practices is the correction of hair transplants that were performed using older, outdated methods, or the correction of hair transplants that have left disfiguring results. The skill and judgment involved in these repair procedures often exceed those needed to operate on patients who have had no prior surgery. The use of small grafts alone does not protect the patient from poor work. Errors in surgical and aesthetic judgment, performing procedures on noncandidate patients, and the failure to communicate successfully with patients about realistic expectations remain major problems. objective. This two-part series presents new insights into repair strategies and expands upon several techniques previously described in the hair restoration literature. The focus is on creative aesthetic solutions to solve the supply/demand limitations inherent in most repairs. This article is written to serve as a guide for surgeons who perform repairs in their daily practices. methods. The repairs are performed by excision with reimplantation and/or by camouflage. Follicular unit transplantation is used for the restorative aspects of the procedure. results. Using punch or linear excision techniques allows the surgeon to relocate poorly planted grafts to areas that are more appropriate. In special situations, removal of grafts without reimplantation can be accomplished using lasers or electrolysis. The key elements of camouflage include creating a deep zone of follicular units, angling grafts in their natural direction, and using forward and side weighting of grafts to increase the appearance of fullness. The available donor supply is limited by hair density, scalp laxity, and scar placement. conclusion. Presented with significant cosmetic problems and severely limited donor reserves, the surgeon performing restorative hair transplantation work faces distinct challenges. Meticulous surgical techniques and optimal utilization of a limited hair supply will enable the surgeon to achieve the best possible cosmetic results for patients requiring repairs. [source] The Distribution of Follicular Units in the Chinese Scalp: Implications for Reconstruction of Natural-Appearing Hairlines in OrientalsDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 6 2002Ren-Yeu Tsai MD background. Follicular transplantation using hair in its naturally occurring groups, called follicular units (FUs), has become the most popular technique in hair restoration surgery. Recently follicular transplantation was performed with a qualitative and quantitative concept to achieve the best clinical result. The characteristics and distribution of FUs are well studied in Caucasians and widely applied in hair transplantation surgery. objective. In order to understand the normal distribution of FUs in the Chinese scalp, we counted the number of hairs and FUs in normal Chinese scalp to provide general information for surgical planning and design in bald Chinese patients. methods. A total of 50 normal and 50 bald Chinese adults were enrolled to count the hairs on their scalp. One hundred bald patients receiving hairline reconstruction were also prospectively quantitatively evaluated. results. In normal Chinese scalp, an average 71.78 FUs/cm2 and 137.08 hairs/cm2 were calculated with a follicular density of 1.91 hairs/FU. Two-hair FUs are the predominate group (50.29%). In bald patients, an average of 68.07 FUs/cm2 was found, which was less than that of the occipital scalp in normal nonbald patients. In reconstruction of the frontal hairline, a total of 700,1000 FUs were implanted with an average density of 30 FUs/cm2. conclusion. We found the average number of FUs (0.72 FU/mm2) was less than that in Caucasian patients (1 FU/mm2). The average density of 30 FUs/cm2 implanted was suitable to reconstruct a natural frontal hairline in bald Chinese patients, which can achieve about 40% of normal hair density. Our results could provide the hair surgeon with general information about hair distribution on the Chinese scalp for surgical planning and design in their patients. [source] Leaf fungi of two wild plants in Assiut, EgyptFEDDES REPERTORIUM, Issue 7-8 2004S. K. Hemida Leaves of two wild species of the flora of Egypt: Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait., Asclepiadaceae and Chrozophora plicata (Vahl) A.Juss. ex Spreng., Euphorbiaceae have been studied morphologically and mycologically, in addtion to air borne fungi. Fifty five species and two varieties belonging to 26 genera of phyllosphere and phylloplane fungi were isolated from both plant species on glucose- and cellulose-agar media. Mycological analysis was done monthly over six months (July to December, 2003). Alternariaalternata, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus and A. niger were the basic fungal species found on leaf surfaces. Phylloplane of C. plicata caught specifically Chaetomiumglobosum, C.,spirale, Cochliobolus lunatus, Drechslera halodes, Fusarium incarnatum, F. oxysporum, Memnoniella echinata and Papulaspora sepedonioides. The total counts of phyllosphere fungi of C.,plicata were nearly twice as much as those of C.,procera regardless medium's type. Forty species and one variety belonging to 22 genera of air borne fungi were recovered all over the experimental period (six months). Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium were the most frequently isolated species. The presented results revealed that, leaf shape and density (hair density and type) may be the most important factors of the biodiversity of the fungal species on the studied taxa. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) Die Blätter zweier Wildarten aus der Flora Ägyptens: Calotropis procera (Ait.) Ait., Asclepiadeceae, und Chrozophora plicata(Vahl) A.Juss. ex Spreng., Euphorbiaceae, wurden in Bezug auf ihre Morphologie und Mykologie untersucht sowie zusätzlich auf ihre "luftgeborenen" Pilze. Auf beiden Arten wurden auf einem Glukose- bzw. Cellulose-Medium insgesamt 55 Arten und zwei Varietäten aus 26 Gattungen phyllosphärer und phylloplaner Pilze nachgewiesen. Die mykologischen Analysen wurden über einen Zeitraum von sechs Monaten (Juli bis Dezember 2003) durchgeführt. Alternariaalternata, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus und A. niger waren die Basis-Pilzarten, die auf den Blattoberflächen ermittelt wurden. Auf C. plicata waren Chaetomiumglobosum, C. spirale, Cochliobolus lunatus, Drechslera halodes, Fusarium incarnatum, F. oxysporum, Memnoniella echinata und Papulaspora sepedonioides die häufigsten phylloplanen Arten. Ungeachtet des Mediumtyps war die Anzahl phyllosphärischer Pilze auf C. plicata etwa zweimal so hoch wie auf C. procera. Über die gesamte Versuchszeit von sechs Monaten wurden 40 Arten und eine Varietät aus 22 Gattungen "luftgeborener" Pilze beobachtet. Mit Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium und Penicillium fanden sich die am häufigsten isolierten Arten. Aus den erzielten Ergebnissen kann man ableiten, dass Blattform und Haare (Dichte und Typ) die wichtigsten Faktoren für die Biodiversität der untersuchten Pilzarten sind. [source] Treatment of female pattern hair loss with a combination of spironolactone and minoxidilAUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Carlijn Hoedemaker SUMMARY A 53-year-old woman with clinical evidence of female pattern hair loss and histological evidence of androgenetic alopecia was initially treated with the oral antiandrogen spironolactone 200 mg daily. Serial scalp photography documented hair regrowth at 12 months; however, the hair regrowth plateaued, and at 24 months there had been no further improvement in hair density. Twice daily therapy with topical minoxidil 5% solution was then introduced and further regrowth documented, confirming the additive effect of combination therapy. [source] Female pattern hair loss, sebum excretion and the end-organ response to androgensBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2006M.P. Birch Summary Background, Although female pattern hair loss can be a feature of hyperandrogenism, many women with hair loss show no clinical or biochemical features of androgen excess. It is possible that hair loss in nonhyperandrogenic women is due to a high level of response to androgens by scalp hair follicles. In this study we explored this idea using sebum excretion as a marker of the cutaneous end-organ response to androgens. Objectives, To test the hypothesis that hair loss in nonhyperandrogenic women is due to an increased cutaneous end-organ response to androgens. Methods, We studied 100 women, 41 with female pattern hair loss (without hirsutism), 29 with hirsutism (with and without scalp hair loss) and 30 subjects without hair problems. We measured hair density on the frontal scalp, forehead sebum excretion, serum free androgen index (FAI), and body mass index (BMI). Results, The mean FAI was significantly raised in hirsute women compared with nonhirsute women (P < 0·001), but there was no difference in FAI levels between nonhirsute women with and without hair loss. The mean BMI was also significantly elevated in hirsute women (P < 0·01) but there was no difference in BMI between nonhirsute women with and without hair loss. The mean sebum excretion was higher in hirsute women than nonhirsute women but the difference was not statistically significant. There was no difference in sebum excretion between nonhirsute women with and without hair loss. There was no correlation between hair density and sebum excretion. Conclusions, Our results show that sebum excretion is not elevated in women with female pattern hair loss. This may indicate that different androgen-response pathways operate in controlling hair growth and sebum excretion. The alternative explanation is that nonandrogenic mechanisms are involved in mediating hair loss in some women. [source] Permanent alopecia after busulfan chemotherapyBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2005A. Tosti Summary Systemic chemotherapy is a well known cause of reversible hair loss. Busulfan chemotherapy, however, is responsible for a permanent alopecia that usually occurs in bone marrow transplant patients. We report two patients with permanent alopecia due to busulfan chemotherapy. Both patients had a diffuse alopecia characterized by greatly reduced hair density with short, thin hair. The pathology showed reduced follicular density in the absence of fibrosis, suggesting that alopecia may result either from hair follicle stem cell destruction or from acute damage to the keratinocytes of the lower portion of some follicles. [source] Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis: report of a Chinese family and evidence for genetic heterogeneityCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2004K. L. Yan Summary Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis (MUHH) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with progressive hair loss starting in early childhood and aggravating at puberty. Several studies have mapped the MUHH gene to chromosome 8p21. Here we report a Chinese MUHH family with variable phenotypes. All affected individuals have anomalies affecting both hair density and hair shafts. Major clinical characteristics, disease history and histological examination support the diagnosis of MUHH, but the features of scarring in this kindred are modest and none of the patients have vertex hair loss, which is in contrast with typical MUHH. We now report genotyping and linkage analysis using 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers spanning the MUHH locus at 8p. Two-point linkage analysis using these markers revealed significant exclusion of this locus (log of the odds scores < , 2) at , = 0 indicating that there is a range of clinical presentations in MUHH, and that more than one genetic locus is responsible for the disorder. [source] | ||||||||||