Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Haemoglobin Content (haemoglobin + content)
Selected AbstractsImpact of parturition on iron status in nonanaemic iron deficiencyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 10 2003A. Krafft Abstract Background, Iron-deficient nonanaemic parturients risk underdiagnosis as a result of the reliance on postpartum ferritin and haemoglobin as markers of iron status. Ferritin is an acute-phase protein whose levels increase during the inflammatory response, as occurs after delivery. Our aims were to evaluate the impact of parturition on iron status, erythropoiesis and the inflammatory response, and identify the optimal parameters and timing for diagnosing iron deficiency in the presence of postpartum inflammation. Materials and methods, Conventional parameters of iron status, erythropoiesis and the inflammatory response (serum ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation, C-reactive protein) were compared with more recent parameters [soluble transferrin receptors (sTfR), hypochromic red cells, reticulocyte indices] within 48 h either side of delivery in 64 iron-deficient nonanaemic women (defined by a prepartum serum ferritin , 15 µg L,1, and a pre- and postpartum haemoglobin of , 11·0 g dL,1 and , 10·0 g dL,1, respectively). Results, Mean sTfR decreased pre to postpartum from 7·3 to 5·8 µg mL,1 (P < 0·01), while mean serum ferritin increased from 9·7 to 16·9 µg L,1 (P < 0·01). Serum ferritin did not correlate with haemoglobin pre or postpartum (r = 0·04, P = 0·7; r = 0·2, P = 0·09), but a correlation persisted postpartum between hypochromic red blood cells and haemoglobin (r = ,0·26; P < 0·05). The percentage of hypochromic red cells remained virtually unchanged pre- and postpartum (4·0% vs. 3·8%; NS). Postpartum mean reticulocyte haemoglobin content (CHr) was 27·1 ± 1·6 pg. Conclusion, Iron status should be tested prepartum, in the absence of an inflammatory response, rather than in the early postpartum. A valuable additional parameter, where available, might be the hypochromic red cell percentage, which is virtually uninfluenced by the inflammatory response. Furthermore, hypochromic red cell percentage, CHr and sTfR can be helpful to differentiate between functional iron deficiency and depleted iron stores. [source] Flow-cytometric analysis of erythrocytes and reticulocytes in congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II (CDA II): value in differential diagnosis with hereditary spherocytosisINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2001P. Danise Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II (CDA II) is the most common congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia. CDA II is frequently misdiagnosed as Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS) due to the presence of mild chronic haemolytic anaemia with splenomegaly, increased osmotic fragility, and presence of microspherocytes. Accurate diagnosis of CDA II is important to prevent severe iron overload. Erythrocyte and reticulocyte indices were assessed in 10 patients from six families with CDA II, 18 patients from eight families with HS, and 50 normal controls. Characteristic increases in distribution width were present in CDA II for cell volume (RDW, anisocytosis) and in HS for cell haemoglobin concentration (HDW, anisochromia), resulting in an RDW/HDW ratio which was significantly greater in CDA than HS (P < 0.0002). A cut-off value for RDW/HDW of 5.34 resulted in 89% sensitivity and 70% specificity in distinguishing CDA II from HS. Distribution width for cell haemoglobin content of reticulocytes (CHDWr) was characteristically increased in CDA II, resulting in a CHDW/CHDWr ratio significantly lower in CDA II than HS (P < 0.0002). A cut-off value of 0.98 provided 89% sensitivity and 80% specificity in distinguishing CDA II from HS. These differences in distribution widths of flow-cytometric parameters of reticulocytes and mature erythrocytes reflect the different pathogeneses of the two diseases and are helpful for the differential diagnosis of these two conditions. [source] The haematology of gynogenic tench, Tinca tinca L., and of recessively homozygous colour tench strainsJOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY, Issue 3 2003M. Flaj Summary Two wild-coloured strains of tench (the first meiotic gynogenic generation MeiG1, and their control diploid half siblings) and three recessively homozygous colour strains (golden, blue and alampic) were examined for the determination of basic haematological indices. The MeiG1 strain had higher erythrocyte counts than diploid controls or the blue and alampic strains (P < 0.001), and had a higher blood haemoglobin content than all three colour strains (P < 0.001). No differences were detected among strains for haematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, or mean corpuscular volume. Both the lowest leucocyte count (P < 0.001) and leucocrit value (P < 0.001) were found in the alampic tench, and may result from a negative pleiotropic effect of this recessive homozygous genotype (bbgg). In agreement with previous findings in tench, the differential leucocyte count revealed lymphocytes to be the dominating white blood cells; their rate was about 90% in both the wild-coloured and blue strains, and less in the other two strains (83,84%). Neutrophil granulocytes were most abundant in the MeiG1 strain. Eosinophil granulocytes were detected only in the golden strain, and were not common (0.2%). [source] Responses to handling and confinement stressors in juvenile great sturgeon Huso husoJOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2009B. Falahatkar The effects of acute stressors on physiological responses of juvenile great sturgeon or beluga Huso huso L. were investigated in two experiments. In the first experiment, fish were handled by placing them in containers at either low density (LD, one fish l,1) or high density (HD, four fish l,1) for 60 s. Concentrations of plasma cortisol, glucose and lactate were determined from blood collected at 0, 1, 3, 6 and 12 h after application of the stressor. Plasma cortisol concentrations increased after the disturbance in H. huso from both handling treatments, but changes were not significant. Plasma glucose rose significantly by 22·9 and 31·6% in LD and HD handling treatments, respectively, after 3 h. Significant increases in plasma lactate occurred within 1 h in both treatment groups, but that of the HD group was much higher. In the second experiment, fish were held at two different densities, LD (2 kg m,2 tank bottom surface area) and HD (7 kg m,2), for 8 weeks and then subjected to an aerial emersion handling stressor in a net for 60 s; blood samples were taken before handling (resting, 0 h) and at 1, 3, 6 and 9 h after handling. Plasma cortisol increased significantly in fish from the HD treatment from 8·8 ± 0·3 to 19·2 ± 2·4 ng ml,1 (mean ±s.e.) by 1 h after stress, but post-handling changes in the LD group were not significant. Significant increases in both plasma glucose and lactate were observed by 1 h in both treatment groups, with peak levels of plasma glucose evident at 3 h [69·4 ± 2·9 and 60·9 ± 1·7 mg dl,1 (mean ±s.e.) in LD and HD groups, respectively]. Plasma glucose levels were significantly higher in the LD group than in the HD group at 3 and 6 h. Post-handling haemoglobin content increased by 1 h and white blood cell numbers were reduced by 3 and 6 h in the HD treatment group compared with resting values, but changes in these blood features in the LD group were not significant. Acute handling did not affect haematocrit in either treatment. The results suggest that H. huso is relatively resistant to handling and confinement, and could tolerate normal hatchery practices associated with aquaculture. Because changes in cortisol concentrations were relatively low compared with those in most teleosts, glucose and lactate concentrations may be more useful as stress indicators in juvenile H. huso. This study also demonstrated that prior exposure to a chronic stressor, specifically high stocking density, could alter the physiological response to subsequent acute handling in H. huso. [source] Microbial levan in the diet of Labeo rohita Hamilton juveniles: effect on non-specific immunity and histopathological changes after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophilaJOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES, Issue 9 2008S K Gupta Abstract A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to study the immuno-protective effect of microbial levan on Labeo rohita juveniles challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Six purified diets were prepared with different levels of microbial levan: control (no levan), T1 (Basal + 0.25%), T2 (Basal + 0.50%), T3 (Basal + 0.75%), T4 (Basal + 1%) and T5 (Basal + 1.25%), fed to six groups of fish in triplicate. Among the treatment groups the haemoglobin content and total leucocyte count were increased with a dietary supplementation of levan at 1% or more. An increasing trend for total erythrocyte count was observed with increasing level of dietary levan. Lower levan-supplemented groups showed a higher albumin/globulin ratio. As the levan supplementation was increased, there was a gradual increase in serum lysozyme activity and respiratory burst activity [nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assay] reduction values. The highest lysozyme activity and NBT were observed in the T5 group although this was similar to the T4 group (P > 0.05). No significant histo-architectural changes were associated with dietary levan levels. After challenge with A. hydrophila, moderately degenerated hepatocytes, oedema and leucocytic infiltration in parenchymatous tissues, and extensive haemorrhage and haemosiderosis in the kidney were observed in the control group. However, the T5 group supplemented with 1.25% levan showed infiltrating leucocytes in the liver while the kidney showed only moderate degeneration of renal tubules. The relative survival per cent of juveniles after challenge with A. hydrophila was the highest in the T5 group followed by T4. This suggests that microbial levan at 1.25% can be used as dietary immunostimulant for L. rohita juveniles. [source] Stress mitigating and immunomodulatory effect of dietary pyridoxine in Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlingsAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 7 2010Mohammad Shahbaz Akhtar Abstract A 60-day experiment was carried out to delineate stress mitigating and immunomodulatory role of dietary pyridoxine (PN) in Labeo rohita fingerlings exposed to endosulfan. Two hundred and seventy fingerlings were randomly distributed into six treatments in triplicates. Five iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous purified diets were prepared with graded levels of pyridoxine. Six treatment groups were T0 (10 mg PN+without endosulfan), T1 (0 mg PN+endosulfan), T2 (10 mg PN+endosulfan), T3 (50 mg PN+endosulfan), T4 (100 mg PN+endosulfan) and T5 (200 mg PN+endosulfan). The role of pyridoxine on stress mitigation and immunomodulation was assessed by biochemical and haemato-immunological parameters like aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly (P<0.05) lower while acetylcholinesterase was significantly (P<0.05) higher in pyridoxine-fed groups. Erythrocytes count, haemoglobin content and total serum protein, albumin, globulin, nitroblue tetrazolium and lysozyme activity were significantly (P<0.05) higher while cortisol and blood glucose were decreased significantly (P<0.05) in pyridoxine-fed groups. Percentage survival after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila was highest in T0 group. The results obtained in present study indicate that dietary pyridoxine supplementation at 100 mg PN kg,1 diet reduces the endosulfan-induced stress and triggers immune response in L. rohita fingerlings. [source] Haematological modulation and growth of Labeo rohita fingerlings: effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide, yeast extract, protein hydrolysate and chlorellaAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 1 2009Simi Rose Andrews Abstract The present study was conducted for 60 days to delineate the efficacy of various dietary immunomodulators like mannan oligosaccharide (MOS), yeast extract (YE), protein hydrolysate (PH) and chlorella (CL) in Labeo rohita fingerlings. Five hundred and eighty-five L. rohita fingerlings (average weight: 4.15 ± 0.07 g) were randomly distributed in 13 treatment groups with each of three replicates. Thirteen semi-purified isonitrogenous (crude protein 324.7,332.5 g kg,1) and isocaloric (17.66,17.80 MJ kg,1) diets were prepared with three graded levels (1%, 2% or 4%) of immunostimulants, except the control. At the end of the feeding trial, weight gain%, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, leucocyte count, erythrocyte count, haemoglobin content, serum protein, globulin, albumin,globulin ratio, nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) value and survival percentage were evaluated. Growth was significantly higher in the MOS-fed group. All the immune parameters studied were also recorded higher in the MOS 1%-supplemented group. The survival percentage after challenging with Aeromonas hydrophila was higher (P<0.05) in the MOS-, YE- and PH-fed groups and the lowest in the CL-treated group. It can be concluded that dietary supplementation of MOS at a 1% dietary level promotes growth and survival in L. rohita fingerlings. In contrast, higher inclusion levels of immunostimulants led to an immunosuppressive effect in L. rohita fingerlings. [source] Diphenyl Diselenide and Ascorbic Acid Changes Deposition of Selenium and Ascorbic Acid in Liver and Brain of MiceBASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY, Issue 3 2001Maria Caroline Jacques-Silva These compounds have been reported to inhibit the cerebral and hepatic aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) in vitro, and now we show that ascorbic acid can reverse some alterations caused by in vivo selenium exposure, but not ALA-D inhibition. The effect of Na2SeO3 or (PhSe)2 and ascorbic acid on selenium distribution, total non-protein thiol, ascorbic acid content (liver and brain) and haemoglobin was also examined. Mice were exposed to 250 ,mol/kg (PhSe)2, or 18.75 ,mol/kg Na2SeO3 subcutaneously, and to ascorbic acid, twice a day, 1 mmol/kg intraperitonially, for 10 days. Hepatic ALA-D of mice treated with (PhSe)2 was inhibited about 58% and similar results were observed in the animals that received ascorbic acid supplementation (P<0.01, for (PhSe)2 -treated and (PhSe)2+ascorbic acid-treated mice). The haemoglobin content decreased after treatment with (PhSe)2 (P<0.01). However, the haemoglobin content of the (PhSe)2+ascorbic acid group was significantly higher than in the (PhSe)2 -treated mice (P<0.05), and similar to control (P>0.10). Ascorbic acid treatment decreased significantly the hepatic and cerebral deposition of Se in (PhSe)2 -exposed mice (P<0.01). Hepatic non-protein thiol content was not changed by treatment with (PhSe)2, ascorbic acid or (PhSe)2+ascorbic acid. Hepatic content of ascorbic acid was twice that in mice that received (PhSe)2, independent of ascorbic acid treatment (P<0.001). The results of this study suggest that vitamin C may have a protective role in organodiselenide intoxication. [source] Haematological and biochemical characteristics of two aquacultured carnivorous cyprinids, topmouth culter Culter alburnus (Basilewsky) and yellowcheek carp Elopichthys bambusa (Richardson)AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 9 2010Xiaojuan Cao Abstract The haematological and biochemical characteristics of two healthy farmed cyprinids, the topmouth culter Culter alburnus and yellowcheek carp Elopichthys bambusa, were investigated in this study. Erythrocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes (i.e. neutrophils and eosinophils) were observed in these two fish. Every type of these cells (excluding the erythrocyte and lymphocyte) showed similar sizes in the topmouth culter and yellowcheek carp. Thrombocytes and neutrophils were the two most abundant leucocytes in the topmouth culter while thrombocytes and lymphocytes were the two most frequent leucocytes observed in the yellowcheek carp. The erythrocyte counts, haemoglobin concentrations and values of serum glucose in these two fish were high. There were significant differences in the leucocyte counts, haemoglobin concentrations, mean cellular haemoglobin contents, mean cell haemoglobin concentrations and values of serum glucose, triglyceride, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and chlorine between the topmouth culter and the yellowcheek carp. The information of haematology and blood biochemistry obtained here would be useful for the prevention and diagnosis of diseases of farmed topmouth culter and yellowcheek carp. [source] Biochemical responses of matrinxăBrycon cephalus (Günther, 1869) after sustained swimmingAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 11 2006Araceli Hackbarth Abstract Juvenile matrinxă, Brycon cephalus, were submitted to sustained swimming for 72 days at 1.0 body length s,1. Exercised fish (EF) grew more than non-EF and their feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved; haematological responses demonstrated a decrease in haemoglobin and mean cell haemoglobin contents and increase in the mean cell volume. In the plasma, sodium, ammonia and amino acid concentrations increased; plasma triglycerides decreased while free fatty acids increased. Liver glucose, free amino acids, ammonia, the rate protein per fish weight and total lipid content increased, while the glycogen per fish ratio declined. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity increased while pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) decreased. White muscle glucose, lactate, the glycogen per fish-weight ratio and total lipid content exhibited a decrease in their values; ammonia, free amino acids and the protein per fish-weight ratio increased. GDH and PK decreased their activities. In the red muscle glycogen store, the glycogen per fish-weight ratio and glucose were reduced. Juvenile matrinxăs, under sustained swimming, were physiologically and biochemically adapted to exercise as indicated by improved blood flow, transport and oxygen uptake, FCR, amino acid and protein incorporation and growth. Continuous exercise is a good practice for B. cephalus cultivation. [source] | |||||||||||||