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Guangdong Province (guangdong + province)
Selected AbstractsUSING UPLAND FOREST IN SHIMENTAI NATURE RESERVE, CHINA,GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 3 2003STEVE S. W. XU ABSTRACT. The Shimentai Nature Reserve in Yingde County, Guangdong Province, China, established recently in a subtropical upland forest area, has served for ages as an essential and customary source of livelihood for local people. Assessment of forest usage indicates heavy reliance by villagers on its diversified biotic resources. This forest dependence, associated with socioeconomic factors such as distance from village, ethnic origin, out-migration of rural youngsters, and a local tradition of conservation, is unlikely to decline in the near future. The reserve management recognizes the need to address the livelihood issues of local people and to win local support. A pragmatic adherence to provincial and higher-level policies that exclude forest-tapping activities could lead to more people-versus-park conflicts, which would dilute fundamental conservation objectives. A more enlightened and localized approach that nurtures a synergy between limited forest use and conservation while helping to develop new income sources could furnish workable alternatives. [source] Archaeal diversity in acid mine drainage from Dabaoshan Mine, ChinaJOURNAL OF BASIC MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 5 2008Guan-zhou Qiu Abstract Three acid mine drainage (AMD) samples collected from Dabaoshan Mine (Guangdong Province, China) were studied. In addition to physicochemical analyses, the diversity and community structures of the archaeal communities in these samples were described at the genetic level by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). Nine different ARDRA patterns were obtained from 146 clones and were studied as operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were re-amplified and sequenced. Sequence data and phylogenetic analysis showed that most of the clones belonged to the Thermoplasmatales, and that archaea belonging to the Sulfolobales were absent. Only 1 OTU attributed to Ferroplasma was found and was observed to be abundant in all 3 samples. Eight OTUs were related to 2 new undefined groups in the Thermoplasmatales. Of the 8 OTUs, the clones in 2 similar units were isolated from samples collected from an abandoned sulfide mine (Huelva, Spain) and those in 5 similar units were isolated from samples collected from a closed copper mine (Tonglushan, China). These diversities were characterized by the reciprocal of Simpson's index (1/D) and correlated with the concentrations of ferrous ions and toxic ions in the AMD samples. The high temperature of the sampling sites was one of the factors that could explain why archaea belonging to the Thermoplasmatales were abundant in the analyzed AMD samples while those belonging to the Sulfolobales were absent. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Acrossocheilus spinifer, a new species of barred cyprinid fish from south China (Pisces: Teleostei)JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY, Issue SB 2006L. Y. Yuan Acrossocheilus spinifer sp. nov. is described from the river basins in Fujian Province and the Han Jiang basin in Guangdong Province, south China. It is one of the barred Acrossocheilus species sharing five or six vertical bars on the flanks, with each bar being two scales in width. Acrossocheilus spinifer sp. nov. is morphologically most similar to Acrossocheilus wenchowensis, but distinguished from it by: a colour pattern of all vertical bars extending ventrally to the second scale row below the lateral line, and having the second bar placed posterior to the base of the last simple dorsal-fin ray, a blunt snout; and a stout, last simple dorsal-fin ray. Acrossocheilus spinifer sp. nov. resembles Acrossocheilus kreyenbergii and Acrossocheilus stenotaeniatus with which it shares a stout, last simple dorsal-fin ray with a serrated posterior edge, but is separated from both species by having a narrow median interruption in the lower lip, a lower jaw fully covered by the lower lip when viewed ventrally and the second vertical bar placed posterior to the base of the last simple dorsal-fin ray. The absence of a longitudinal stripe extending along the lateral line on the flanks in males readily distinguishes A. spinifer sp. nov. from four other species, namely Acrossocheilus fasciatus, Acrossocheilus paradoxus, Acrossocheilus parallens, and Acrossocheilus jishouensis. [source] Identification and pathogenicity of Vibrio ponticus affecting cultured Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus (Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes)LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Z.Y. Xie Abstract Aims:, To rapidly determine the causative agent of mass death in Lateolabrax japonicus in Zhelin Bay of Guangdong Province in China in April 2004. Methods and Results:, Thirty-six strains, numbered sequentially from RP01 to RP36, were isolated from six diseased fish. All of the strains were identified as being of the same vibrio species according to the results of universal primer PCR combined with DGGE (UPPCR-DGGE). RP30 was one of these strains that was randomly selected and analysed by using a morphological, physiological and biochemical plate, Biolog GN2 Microplate System and API 20E system. Furthermore, RP30, 16S rDNA was sequenced and aligned in Genbank. Its virulence to Lateolabrax japonicus (Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes) was also tested. RP30 is most closely related to four Vibrio ponticus strains (99·3% similarity). LD50s were 2·5 (×103 CFU per fish for intraperitoneal inoculation (IP) and 3·2 (×103 CFU per fish for intramuscular inoculation (IM), respectively. Conclusions:, The investigated pathogenic agent of Lateolabrax japonicus (Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes) was V. ponticus. Significance and Impact of the Study:, UPPCR-DGGE is very helpful in epidemiologic investigation. Interestingly, this is the first report that V. ponticus infects cultured marine fish. DGGE was likewise first introduced to epidemiologic investigation of fish disease. [source] A new species of Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) from ChinaNORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY, Issue 1-2 2007Xin-Sheng Qin A new species of Drypetes, D. kwangtungensis, from the Guangdong Province in China is described and illustrated. It is morphologically very similar to D. obtusa, from which it differs by having elliptic leaves with an acute apex that is sometimes retuse. In addition, the fruits of D. kwangtungensis are obovoid and almost twice as large as those of D. obtusa. [source] Tracing the origins of Hakka and Chaoshanese by mitochondrial DNA analysisAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Wen-Zhi Wang Abstract Hakka and Chaoshanese are two unique Han populations residing in southern China but with northern Han (NH) cultural traditions and linguistic influences. Although most of historical records indicate that both populations migrated from northern China in the last two thousand years, no consensus on their origins has been reached so far. To shed more light on the origins of Hakka and Chaoshanese, mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of 170 Hakka from Meizhou and 102 Chaoshanese from Chaoshan area, Guangdong Province, were analyzed. Our results show that some southern Chinese predominant haplogroups, e.g. B, F, and M7, have relatively high frequencies in both populations. Although median network analyses show that Hakka/Chaoshanese share some haplotypes with NH, interpopulation comparison reveals that both populations show closer affinity with southern Han (SH) populations than with NH. In consideration of previous results from nuclear gene (including Y chromosome) research, it is likely that matrilineal landscapes of both Hakka and Chaoshanese have largely been shaped by the local people during their migration southward and/or later colonization in southern China, and factors such as cultural assimilation, patrilocality, and even sex-bias in the immigrants might have played important roles during the process. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Revegetation of Pb/Zn Mine Tailings, Guangdong Province, ChinaRESTORATION ECOLOGY, Issue 1 2000Z. H. Ye The Lechang lead/zinc mine is located in the north part of Guangdong Province, southern China. The tailings residue from the extraction of lead/zinc ores was permanently stored in tailings ponds, which required revegetation to reduce the environmental impact. A field study was, therefore, conducted to evaluate the effects of different ameliorants, including: (1) pig manure (PM); (2) mushroom compost (MC); (3) burnt coal residue (BC); (4) fly ash (FA); and (5) surface soil on the growth of Agropyron elongatum (tall wheat grass), Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass), Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass), and Trifolium repens (clover) in the tailings residue. The results from the core profiles indicated that adding FA (10 cm) or BC (15 cm) as a barrier layer between the cover soil and the tailings could increase pH, compared to the treatment with soil only. C. dactylon grew well and had a high cover (90,100%) in all the treatment plots except the control plots without any amendment. A. elongatum and L. multiflorum had a higher cover when grown in plots covered with a barrier layer using FA or BC (both with surface soil), than those grown in plots covered with surface soil only. Treatment plots receiving a thicker soil cover (30 cm) had a better dry weight yield than those with a thinner soil cover (15 cm), regardless of the barrier layer. The results from this study indicate that the use of either 15 cm BC or 10 cm FA as a barrier layer with surface soil, or the use of 38 tonnes PM/ha and 6 cm MC, were effective for the revegetation of Pb/Zn mine tailings. C. dactylon was the best species among the four species used for revegetation. Key words: reclamation, Pb/Zn mine tailings, burnt coal, mushroom compost, fly ash, Bermuda grass, Italian ryegrass, clover. [source] Passerine Pollination of Rhodoleia championii (Hamamelidaceae) in Subtropical ChinaBIOTROPICA, Issue 3 2010Lei Gu ABSTRACT The pollination ecology and breeding system of the Hamamelidaceae tree species Rhodoleia championii were studied in an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Nankunshan National Forest in Guangdong Province in China. Rhodoleia championii produces lipid-rich pollen grains and dilute nectar (averaging 0.7 mL/d and 9% sugar), with nectar production peaking before 0800 h; the species is self-incompatible and does not set seed asexually. Seven species of nectar-foraging birds visited the inflorescences, with the most common visitors being Japanese white-eyes (Zosterops japonicus, Zosteropidae) and fork-tailed sunbirds (Aethopyga christinae, Nectariniidae). Bumblebees and honeybees played limited roles as pollinators. As documented by fossils from Europe, the Rhodoleia stem lineage dates back at least to the Paleocene. Bird pollination, however, is unlikely to have evolved before the Oligocene when sunbirds arrived in Europe, and pollination by Z. japonicus cannot be much older than 250,000 million years ago, when Z. japonicus diverged from its closest relative. [source] Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb and Rb-Sr Isotopic Dating and Its Dynamic Implications for the Proterozoic Augen Granite in the Yunkai Area, Western Guangdong ProvinceACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (ENGLISH EDITION), Issue 2 2000PENG Songbai Abstract The samples of ductile-rheologic deformational augen granite from the Yunkai uplift area, western Guangdong province, were determined by the whole-rock Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb and Rb-Sr isotopic dating to have an Sm-Nd isochron age of 1414±68 Ma, a Pb-Pb isochron age of 1388±90 Ma and a Rb-Sr isochron age of 490±36 Ma. The first two ages are interpreted as the formation age of this suite of granite and the last age represents the timing of the tectono-thermal event of Caledonian ductile-rheologic shear partial melting. It is indicated that in the study area not only an orogeny took place in the Caledonian, but also a more important tectono-magmatic activity occurred in the Meso-proterozoic there, which may be related to the subduction-collision between the Yangtze block and Cathaysia block. [source] Identification of a new serotype of Rickettsia heilongjiangensis in wild rats from Guangdong Province, ChinaCLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 2009L. J. Zhang No abstract is available for this article. [source] Lack of association between HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 alleles and the development of SARS: a cohort of 95 SARS-recovered individuals in a population of Guangdong, southern ChinaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOGENETICS, Issue 1 2008P. Xiong Summary Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), caused by infection with a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV), was the first major novel infectious disease at the beginning of the 21st century, with China especially affected. SARS was characterized by high infectivity, morbidity and mortality, and the confined pattern of the disease spreading among the countries of South-East and East Asia suggested the existence of susceptible factor(s) in these populations. Studies in the populations of Hong Kong and Taiwan showed an association of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms with the development and/or severity of SARS, respectively. The aim of the present study was to define the genotypic patterns of HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 loci in SARS patients and a co-resident population of Guangdong province, southern China, where the first SARS case was reported. The samples comprised 95 cases of recovered SARS patients and 403 unrelated healthy controls. HLA -A, -B and -DRB1 alleles were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. The severity of the disease was assessed according to the history of lung infiltration, usage of assisted ventilation and occurrence of lymphocytopenia. Although the allelic frequencies of A23, A34, B60, DRB1*12 in the SARS group were slightly higher, and A33, -B58 and -B61 were lower than in the controls, no statistical significance was found when the Pc value was considered. Similarly, no association of HLA alleles with the severity of the disease was detected. Thus, variations in the major histocompatibility complex are unlikely to have contributed significantly to either the susceptibility or the severity of SARS in the population of Guangdong. [source] Export orientation and technical efficiency: clothing firms in ChinaMANAGERIAL AND DECISION ECONOMICS, Issue 7 2010Vincent Mok Based on 287 of the largest clothing manufacturing firms in southern China in terms of output value, we employed data envelopment analysis to estimate the technical efficiency of the sample firms. A regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of export orientation on technical efficiency. Our results suggest a U-shaped relationship between export ratio and technical efficiency. The specific nature of the industry in Guangdong province can explain that clothing firms with a high degree of sales in the domestic market or with a high level of export orientation experience a higher level of technical efficiency than those firms trying to conquer both the local and the overseas markets. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Ethnicity and Shared Meanings: A Case Study of the "Orphaned Bones" Ritual in Mainland China and OverseasAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 4 2009Bernard Formoso ABSTRACT Several theories of ethnicity emphasize the analysis of intergroup relations. They neglect, however, the conflation of ideas and values structuring these relations,notably the cross-cultural aggregates of shared cultural meanings that underlie forms of cooperation and competition between interacting groups. In this article, I explore this kind of process through a multisite ethnography of the Xiu gugu ("refining of orphaned bones"), a ritual that the Chaozhou people of northeast Guangdong province, an ethnic subgroup of the Han, perform periodically. The celebration of this rite in Chaozhou is compared to versions resulting of the ritual in Malay Muslim and Thai Buddhist contexts. In the latter case, close conceptions of malevolent death underlie a fascinating interethnic cooperation, with most of the unfortunate dead whose bones are "refined" during the Chaozhou ritual being Thai. [source] Primary middle ear Epstein-Barr virus-related lymphoepithelial carcinoma: Case reports and systematic review,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 1 2010MBBS, Matthew P. A. Clark FRCS (ORL-HNS) Abstract Objectives/Hypothesis: To report two cases of primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma in the middle ear and to determine the optimal treatment for such lesions. Study Design/Methods: Case reports and a systematic review of the literature. Results: Primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma in the middle ear is an exceptionally rare condition with only two other cases reported in the literature. There appears to be an association with Epstein-Barr virus infection and in those patients originating from the Guangdong province of China, much as is the case for similar lesions found in the nasopharynx. Piecemeal rather than en bloc excision, in combination with adjuvant radiotherapy, appears to adequately control the disease. Conclusions: Primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the middle ear is a rare lesion, which when treated has a good prognosis. Laryngoscope, 2010 [source] Genital human papillomavirus screening by gene chip in Chinese women of Guangdong provinceAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 2 2008Min LIN Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are associated with cervical cancer. There were only a few reports and detailed data about epidemiological research of HPV infection in general population of China. Aims: To determine the prevalence of genital HPV infection in Chinese women of Guangdong province. Methods:, A total of 1705 women were screened by gene chip. All HPV-positive women were further examined by ThinPrep liquid-based cytology test (TCT), and the cervical biopsies of those women with positive HPV-DNA and abnormal TCT were collected for pathological diagnosis. Results: The overall HPV prevalence was 9.03% (154 of 1705), and 72.3% (126 of 154) of total positive samples were high-risk types, with higher prevalence of types 52, 58, 16, 18 and CP8304. For women aged 51 years or older, the overall high-risk HPV prevalence was 12.2% (24 of 179), which was obviously higher than those of other age groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results showed that the HPV prevalence in Guangdong is very similar to the world level. Unlike most previous studies, our findings suggest that HPV prevalence increased with age, and that the predominant genotypes in this area were HPV 52 and 58. [source] Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb and Rb-Sr Isotopic Dating and Its Dynamic Implications for the Proterozoic Augen Granite in the Yunkai Area, Western Guangdong ProvinceACTA GEOLOGICA SINICA (ENGLISH EDITION), Issue 2 2000PENG Songbai Abstract The samples of ductile-rheologic deformational augen granite from the Yunkai uplift area, western Guangdong province, were determined by the whole-rock Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb and Rb-Sr isotopic dating to have an Sm-Nd isochron age of 1414±68 Ma, a Pb-Pb isochron age of 1388±90 Ma and a Rb-Sr isochron age of 490±36 Ma. The first two ages are interpreted as the formation age of this suite of granite and the last age represents the timing of the tectono-thermal event of Caledonian ductile-rheologic shear partial melting. It is indicated that in the study area not only an orogeny took place in the Caledonian, but also a more important tectono-magmatic activity occurred in the Meso-proterozoic there, which may be related to the subduction-collision between the Yangtze block and Cathaysia block. [source] Extra small virus-like particles (XSV) and nodavirus associated with whitish muscle disease in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergiiJOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES, Issue 9 2003D Qian Abstract A disease of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the giant freshwater prawn, farmed in China was recently recorded in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces. The clinical sign of the disease, which develops in post-larvae (PL), is a whitish appearance of the muscles, particularly noticeable in the abdomen. Mortalities may reach 100% in some hatcheries. Investigations by transmission electron microscopy after negative staining of diseased PL homogenates showed the presence of two types of viral particles: one, unenveloped, icosahedral in shape, 26,27 nm in diameter, the second, much smaller, about 14,16 nm in diameter, designated extra small virus particle (XSV). The large virus has a genome with two pieces of ssRNA (RNA-1 and RNA-2), of 3 and 1.2 kb, respectively. Hybridization tests confirmed that this large virus is closely related to M. rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) which was isolated from diseased prawns in a hatchery in the French West Indies. Its very small size and hypothesized biochemical and biological characteristics suggest XSV is a new type of crustacean virus. As XSV has always been found associated with the larger virus (nodavirus) and is located in muscle and connective cells of diseased animals, it could be an autonomous virus, a helper-type virus or a satellite-like virus. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||