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Grow
Kinds of Grow Terms modified by Grow Selected AbstractsAbsence Makes the Heart Grow , IdealisticANALYSES OF SOCIAL ISSUES & PUBLIC POLICY, Issue 1 2005Charles T. Hill [source] Pink Brain Blue Brain: How Small Differences Grow into Troublesome GapsACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 7 2010Carl Lindgren No abstract is available for this article. [source] Growing Together, Growing ApartDIALOG, Issue 2 2005By Mark S. Hanson Abstract:, How does diversity define the limits of the Body of Christ in the context of its fundamental unity? For Lutherans the visible unity of the church is grounded in those signs and constitutive elements which convey salvation. Unified on the basis of a common baptism, a common communion, and a common mission, the church of the gospel must be defined more by being than by doing. The church doing God's redemptive work in creation will always experience tension, but we must be mindful that wholeness is not equivalent to sameness. [source] Coffee: Growing, Processing, Sustainable EnvironmentINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2005I.S. Arvanitoyannis First page of article [source] (-)-Amarbellisine, a Lycorine-Type Alkaloid from Amaryllis belladonna L. Growing in Egypt.CHEMINFORM, Issue 52 2004Antonio Evidente No abstract is available for this article. [source] A Combined Hydroxylation of 3-Cyanopyridine to 3-Cyano-6-hydroxypyridine and 6-Hydroxynicotinic Acid by Resting Cells of Comamonas testosteroni JA1 Grown on Nicotinic AcidENGINEERING IN LIFE SCIENCES (ELECTRONIC), Issue 4 2005S. Yuan Abstract A strain of Comamonas testosteroni,JA1 known for its capacity to hydroxylate 3-cyanopyridine to 3-cyano-6-hydroxypyridine was found to be also capable to hydroxylate nicotinic acid at a higher rate. In the course of the induced cultivation the forming 6-hydroxynicotinic acid was degraded either slightly, in the presence of nicotinic acid in the medium, or faster, in the absence of nicotinic acid. In a combined process of hydroxylation of nicotinic acid by growing culture and hydroxylation of 3-cyanopyridine by resting cells of Comamonas testosteroni,JA1, not only an additional amount of 50.38,g of solid 6-hydroxynicotinic acid was produced from 1,L of cultivation broth with a 99.97,% molar conversion yield, but also the yield of 3-cyano-6-hydroxypyridine produced was more than doubled. This can be compared to that of the resting cells from the induced cultivation broth where within 8,h an amount of 5.77,g of solid 3-cyano-6-hydroxypyridine was produced by resting cells from 1,L of the cultivation broth. This also was superior to 4.39,g/L of cultivation broth of resting cells reported in the literature. [source] Highly Crystalline, Idiomorphic Na2Ti6O13 Whiskers Grown from a NaCl Flux at a Relatively Low TemperatureEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 19 2010Katsuya Teshima Abstract Well-developed, highly crystalline Na2Ti6O13 whiskers were successfully grown by cooling a NaCl flux at a relatively low temperature of 700 °C. The obtained Na2Ti6O13 whiskers were colorless and transparent. The whiskers grown at 700 °C were single phase and exhibit the lowest sizes of up to about 3.5 ,m,×,0.1 ,m. From the results of SEM, XRD, and TEM, it was confirmed that the Na2Ti6O13 whiskers have very good crystallinity and elongated in the [lang]010[rang] directions. Furthermore, the whiskers exhibited good photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet light irradiation. It is reasonable to suppose that NaCl can be adequately used to synthesize high quality and well-developed titanate whiskers in an environmentally friendly process of crystal growth. [source] Controlled Nucleation of GaN Nanowires Grown with Molecular Beam EpitaxyADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 17 2010Kris A. Bertness Abstract The location of GaN nanowires is controlled with essentially perfect selectivity using patterned SiNx prior to molecular beam epitaxy growth. Nanowire growth is uniform within mask openings and absent on the mask surface for over 95% of the usable area of a 76 mm diameter substrate. The diameters of the resulting nanowires are controlled by the size of the mask openings. Openings of approximately 500 nm or less produce single nanowires with symmetrically faceted tips. [source] Electro-Optical Materials: Electrically Addressable Hybrid Architectures of Zinc Oxide Nanowires Grown on Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (Adv. Funct.ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 15 2010Mater. Hybrid assemblies of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires grown on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are presented by A. J. Hart et al. on page 2470. The foreground shows a transmission electron micrograph of an individual hybrid bundle where the ZnO nanowires extend radially from the surface of the CNTs. The background shows a scanning electron micrograph of the sidewall of a ZnO/CNT hybrid forest. Color was added using Adobe Photoshop. [source] Electrically Addressable Hybrid Architectures of Zinc Oxide Nanowires Grown on Aligned Carbon NanotubesADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 15 2010Jong G. Ok Abstract The fabrication and characterization of hybrid architectures of ZnO nanowires (ZNWs) grown on organized carbon nanotubes (CNTs), by a two-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process involving CNT growth from a hydrocarbon source followed by ZNW growth using a Zn metal source, is reported. The ZNWs grow uniformly and radially from individual CNTs and CNT bundles, and the aligned morphology of the CNTs is not disturbed by the ZNW growth process. The nucleation and growth of ZnO crystals on CNTs are analyzed in relation to the classical vapor,solid mechanism. Importantly, the CNTs make uniform and distributed electrical contact to the ZNWs, with up to a 1000-fold yield advantage over conventional ZNW growth on a flat substrate. Hybrid ZNW/CNT sheets are fabricated by scalable CVD, rolling, and printing methods; and their electrical properties, which are governed by transport through the anisotropic CNT network, are characterized. Functional interaction between the ZNWs and CNTs is demonstrated by photoconductive behavior and photocurrent generation of the hybrid material under UV illumination. There is significant future opportunity to extend these processing methods to fabricate other functional oxides on CNTs, and to build devices that harness the attractive properties of ZNWs and CNTs with high volumetric efficiency over large areas. [source] Ordered High-Density Si [100] Nanowire Arrays Epitaxially Grown by Bottom Imprint MethodADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 27 2009Zhang Zhang A novel bottom imprint method to fabricate high-quality Si [100] nanowire arrays is demonstrated. This new approach combines the functions of a high-ordering AAO template as a stamp and template simultaneously. By the protective polymer layer in the hot imprint, the vertical 40,nm Si nanowire arrays grow epitaxially on the Si substrate with a narrow size distribution [source] Ordered Whiskerlike Polyaniline Grown on the Surface of Mesoporous Carbon and Its Electrochemical Capacitance Performance,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 19 2006Y.-G. Wang Supercapacitor electrode materials must exhibit high specific capacitance and high-rate charge,discharge ability. The ordered whiskerlike polyaniline (PANI) reported here, which was synthesized in situ on the surface of mesoporous carbon by a novel process, is demonstrated to have these properties thanks to its ordered nanometer-sized "thorns" (see figure) and the V-shaped nanopores between them. [source] Intrinsic Ferroelectric Properties of Strained Tetragonal PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 Obtained on Layer,by,Layer Grown, Defect,Free Single,Crystalline Films,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 13 2006I. Vrejoiu Ferroelectric single,crystalline PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 thin films, free from extended defects, are grown by pulsed laser deposition onto vicinal SrTiO3(001) single crystals. The PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 films are strained and exhibit enhanced tetragonality, c/a,,,1.06. They have a remnant polarization, Pr,,,110,,C,cm,2, dielectric constant, ,33,,,90, and piezoelectric coefficient, d33, up to 50,pm,V,1 (see figure). [source] Carbon Nanofibers Uniformly Grown on ,-Alumina Washcoated Cordierite Monoliths,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 12 2006E. García-Bordejé A uniform layer of carbon nanofibers is grown on a cordierite monolith by first coating the monolith with a thin layer of ,-alumina. The nanofibers form a thick, uniform layer on the monolith walls as shown in the figure, leading to the formation of a mesoporous and mechanically robust composite. The absence of microporosity in the composite and the ability to tune the thickness of the nanofiber layer suggests that these nanofibers/monolith composites may be useful as catalyst supports for liquid-phase catalytic reactions. [source] Single-Crystal Polythiophene Microwires Grown by Self-Assembly,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 6 2006H. Kim Single-crystal polythiophene microwires with unprecedented electrical characteristics such as low resistance (0.5,M,), a channel current as high as 25,,A, and well-resolved gate modulation (see figure) have been obtained by specific control over the supramolecular organization of individual polymer chains, which show preferential well-ordered interchain stacking along the wire axis. This approach offers a promising protocol for new flexible electronics. [source] Photocatalysis Using ZnO Thin Films and Nanoneedles Grown by Metal,Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition,ADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 18 2004L. Yang Highly efficient photocatalytic ZnO nanoneedle arrays with a large surface/volume ratio were prepared on inexpensive, large-area substrates using metal,organic chemical vapor deposition. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoneedle arrays is much enhanced due to their increased surface/volume ratio. It is believed that the "bottom,up" approach may be expanded to create many other one-dimensional oxide semiconductor nanostructures (see Figure). [source] Relationship between Carbon Isotope Discrimination, Mineral Content and Gas Exchange Parameters in Vegetative Organs of Wheat Grown under Three Different Water RegimesJOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE, Issue 3 2010L. Zhu Abstract Carbon isotope discrimination (,) has been proposed as an indirect selection criterion for transpiration efficiency and grain yield in wheat. However, because of high cost for , analysis, attempts have been made to identify alternative screening criteria. Ash content (ma) has been proposed as an alternative criterion for , in wheat and barley. A pot experiment was conducted to analyse the relationship between ,, mineral content and gas exchange parameters in seedlings and leaves of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plants of 10 genotypes were cultivated under three different water regimes corresponding to moderate (T3), intermediate (T2) and severe drought (T1) stress obtained by maintaining soil humidity at 75 %, 55 % and 45 % of the humidity at field capacity respectively. , and ma in seedlings and leaves showed significant differences among the three water treatments. Significant positive correlations were found between , and ma in seedlings and leaves at elongation and anthesis stages in severe drought stress (T1). , was negatively associated with potassium (K) content in intermediate drought stress (T2) and positively with magnesium (Mg) content in T2 and T3 (moderate drought stress) in flag leaf at anthesis. There were negative correlations between , and single-leaf intrinsic water-use efficiency (WT) in T2 and T3 at anthesis stage. Stronger positive associations were noted between , and stomatal conductance (gs) in T1 and T2 than in T3 at anthesis. These results suggested that , is a good trait as an indirect selection criterion for genotypic improvement in transpiration efficiency, while ma is a possible alternative criterion of , in wheat vegetative organs, especially in stressed environments. Significant association was found between , and K, Mg and Ca contents that would merit being better investigated. [source] Relationship between Carbon Isotope Discrimination and Mineral Content in Wheat Grown under Three Different Water RegimesJOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE, Issue 6 2008L. Zhu Abstract Carbon isotope discrimination (,) has been proposed as an indirect selection criterion for transpiration efficiency and grain yield in wheat. However, because of the high cost for , analysis, attempts have been carried out to identify alternative screening criteria. Ash content (ma) has been proposed as an alternative criterion for , in wheat and barley. A pot experiment was conducted to analyse the relationship between , and ma in flag leaf and grain. Plants of 10 genotypes were cultivated under three different water regimes corresponding to moderate, intermediate and severe drought stress obtained by maintaining soil humidity at 75 %, 55 % and 45 % of the humidity at field capacity, respectively. , and ma in flag leaf and grain showed significant differences between the moderate, intermediate and severe drought stress levels. Significant correlations were found among genotypes for , and ma in flag leaf under severe drought stress, and for , and ma in grain under intermediate and moderate drought stress. In flag leaf at anthesis, , was negatively associated to K content and positively to Mg content. At maturity, , in grain was negatively correlated with Mg and Ca contents in flag leaf and grain, respectively. These results suggested that these traits may be potentially useful traits, which could be surrogates for ,. [source] Identification of Botrytis spp. on Plants Grown in IranJOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2008S. Mirzaei Abstract A total of 363 isolates were collected from all over Iran. They were isolated from apple, arum lily, briar rose, bride wort, broad bean, camellia, canola, carnation, cucumber, egg plant, feijoa, geranium, gerbera, gladiolus, grape, guilder rose, hibiscus, iris, kiwifruit, oleander, onion, orange, pear, pomegranate, primrose, quince, redbud, robinia, rose, rubber plant, sow thiste, spathe flower, strawberry, tomato, violet, wall flower and wheat. To identify the species, morphological characters such as conidiophore length, conidial and sclerotial dimensions were measured. According to morphological and cultural characters, eight Botrytis species were identified: B. aclada sensu lato, B. cinerea, B. fabae, B. convoluta, B. gladiolorum, B. paeoniae, B. pelargonii and B. porri. As far as we are aware, this is the first report of the last five species from Iran. These species were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using necrosis and ethylene-inducing protein (NEP2) and C729 primers. A 835 bp band was amplified in B. cinerea, B. fabae and B. pelargonii, using NEP2, but not in others. However, C729 primers amplified a 700 bp band in B. cinerea and B. pelargonii and a 600 bp in B. fabae. [source] Reply to "Comment on ,Morphology of Silicon Nitride Grown from a Liquid Phase'"JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 3 2000Ling-Ling Wang No abstract is available for this article. [source] Studies of the Plasma Related Oxygen Contamination of Gallium Nitride Grown by Remote Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour DepositionPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (C) - CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 1 2003K.S.A. Butcher Abstract Nitrogen and ammonia plasma containment tubes of quartz and fused alumina (Al2O3) are evaluated in terms of the oxygen contamination contributed during gallium nitride film growth by RPE-CVD. In-situ gas and plasma monitoring, and material characterisation (UV,Vis transmission measurements, X-ray diffraction and SIMS) were used to determine the contaminant chemistries for the plasmas maintained in these containment tubes. Oxygen contamination using a quartz tube is shown to be unavoidable. Al2O3 based tubes used with an ammonia plasma also supply unacceptably high levels of oxygen for GaN growth. However, we show that alumina containment tubes may be conditioned in a nitrogen plasma, so that an aluminium nitride protective layer limits the oxygen contamination. [source] Reduction of Gallium Vacancy Concentration in Gallium Nitride Grown with Preheated AmmoniaPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (C) - CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 1 2003S.-Y. Kwon Abstract The use of ammonia preheater reduces the Ga vacancy (VGa) concentration in GaN. The epilayers grown with or without preheated ammonia had little differences in structural properties from X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. It was found, however, that the GaN epilayers grown with unheated ammonia had more charge compensation centers. The intensities of yellow luminescence (YL) in GaN epilayers grown with preheated ammonia decreased with Si doping, whereas those grown with unheated ammonia increased with Si doping. It is suggested that the use of preheated ammonia reduced the VGa concentration in GaN without altering structural properties. [source] Optical and Structural Analysis of GaN Grown by Remote Plasma Enhanced Laser Induced Chemical Vapour DepositionPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (C) - CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 1 2003Afifuddin Abstract High quality polycrystalline gallium nitride (GaN) films have been grown by remote plasma enhanced laser induced chemical vapour deposition (RPE-LICVD) on sapphire, silicon, and quartz substrates at temperatures below 600 °C. Transmission spectra of the films indicate excellent properties with band gap 3.38 ± 0.02 eV. A yellow band-to-band transition at 2.2 eV is observed. X-ray diffraction patterns reveal the (0002) wurtzite reflection at 2, = 34.6° is dominant. Raman spectra of the films are discussed with respect to the phonon frequencies and strain-related phenomena. Compositional analysis with heavy ion Elastic Recoil Detection shows stoichiometric nitrogen to gallium ratios and relatively small amounts of incorporated oxygen. [source] Optical Properties of InAlGaN Heterostructures Grown by RF-MBEPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (C) - CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 1 2003M. Androulidaki Abstract We performed optical characterisation on high-quality InAlGaN thin films and InAlGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) grown by rf-MBE. Our main findings are that the In bowing coefficient in In0.08Al0.29Ga0.63N alloys is found unexpectedly large (bI = 8.4 eV), and that the internal field in In0.08Al0.29Ga0.63N/GaN QWs is strongly reduced (0.25 MV/cm) as a consequence of enhanced polarisation matching between well and barrier layers. [source] Structural and Optical Properties of Lateral Overgrown GaN Grown by Double Pendeo-Epitaxy TechniquePHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (C) - CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 1 2003H.S. Cheong Abstract Structural and optical properties of high quality GaN films over the entire surfaces of sapphire substrates employing SiO2 mask-removed double Pendeo-epitaxy technique by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tranmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and cathodoluminescence (CL). By optimizing the ratio of the lateral to vertical growth rate for the lateral overgrowth of the first and the second window regions of double Pendeo-epitaxial GaN layers, the crystallographic tilt in wing regions was reduced and the propagation of threading dislocations up to the surface of the GaN layers was supressed in their entire region. The luminescence properties of the GaN lyers observed by CL measurement were also improved in their entire region compared to conventional Pendeo-epitaxial growth. [source] Mechanical Study of High Resistance Silicon Carbide Based Multi-Nano-Layers Grown by Multifrequency PACVDPLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS, Issue S1 2009Farida Rebib Abstract Titanium alloys are commonly used to lighten aeronautical structures. Unfortunately, their poor tribological properties need to confer onto the surface both high mechanical resistance under load and low friction/low wear against other metals. Based on amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H), periodic multi-nano-coatings have been found to be candidates for this use. Such coatings were deposited on Ti surfaces using multifrequency plasma CVD devices. Scratch-testing measurements have revealed that the critical loads corresponding to cohesive/adhesive cracks are significantly increased using multilayered stacks. Fretting-wear tests also revealed the influence of multilayer architecture and preliminary analysis of wear tracks and material transfers leaded to a first classification of the coatings. [source] Unusual Magnetic Properties of Size-Controlled Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Grown in a Nanoporous Matrix with Tunable Pores,ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE, Issue 40 2009Sher Alam Dr. Die volle Ladung: Die Verwendung eine Nanosiebs erleichtert die Synthese von kleinen Fe2O3 -Nanopartikeln mit einer einheitlichen Größe zwischen 6.5 und 9.0,nm, die einfach über den Porendurchmesser der Templatmatrix eingestellt werden kann (siehe Bild). So werden auf einem mesoporösen Träger verteilte Nanopartikel erhalten, die trägerfreien Fe2O3 -Nanopartikeln bezüglich ihrer magnetischen Eigenschaften überlegen sind. [source] In-situ Bulk Electrophoretic Separation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Grown by Gas-Phase Catalytic Hydrocarbon Decomposition,CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION, Issue 7-9 2010Dmitriy V. Smovzh Abstract Electrophoresis is used to separate carbon nanotubes from other by-products during CVD growth from iron catalyst particles, using C2H2 as the carbon feedstock. Carbon nanotubes are trapped by electric fields with higher efficiency than other carbon-containing products. The structure and yield of the carbon nanotubes depends critically on the gas parameters and applied electric field used in the novel reaction chamber. A higher yield of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can be obtained on electrodes in comparison to exhaust filters. The results indicate that the NTs produced by thermal CVD in the gas phase are negatively charged. [source] Preparation and Characterization of Cu-Doped p-CdTe Films Grown by Cathodic Electrodeposition.CHEMINFORM, Issue 38 2002Makoto Takahashi Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] InterGrid: a case for internetworking islands of GridsCONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION: PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE, Issue 8 2008Marcos Dias de Assunção Abstract Over the last few years, several nations around the world have set up Grids to share resources such as computers, data, and instruments to enable collaborative science, engineering, and business applications. These Grids follow a restricted organizational model wherein a Virtual Organization (VO) is created for a specific collaboration and all interactions such as resource sharing are limited to within the VO. Therefore, dispersed Grid initiatives have led to the creation of disparate Grids with little or no interaction between them. In this paper, we propose a model that: (a) promotes interlinking of islands of Grids through peering arrangements to enable InterGrid resource sharing; (b) provides a scalable structure for Grids that allow them to interconnect with one another and grow in a sustainable way; (c) creates a global Cyberinfrastructure to support e-Science and e-Business applications. This work identifies and proposes architecture, mechanisms, and policies that allow the internetworking of Grids and allows Grids to grow in a similar manner as the Internet. We term the structure resulting from such internetworking between Grids as the InterGrid. The proposed InterGrid architecture is composed of InterGrid Gateways responsible for managing peering arrangements between Grids. We discuss the main components of the architecture and present a research agenda to enable the InterGrid vision. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||