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Gross Findings (gross + finding)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Life Sciences	60%
Medical Sciences	40%

Selected Abstracts

Suspected involvement of the X chromosome in placental mesenchymal dysplasia

CONGENITAL ANOMALIES, Issue 4 2002
Masayoshi Arizawa
ABSTRACT, So far, 46 cases of placental mesenchymal dysplasia have been reported worldwide. We encountered 15 cases of placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) including 7 cases delivered in our hospital. The incidence of PMD in our hospital was therefore, 7/30, 758 (0.02%). The PMD had a peculiar appearance. In the gross findings, large placenta with intestine-like dilatation of the vessels on the fetal side was reported. Microscopically, cistern-like dilatation of the stem villi, fetal artery thrombosis, and villous hemorrhage were reported. However, we believe most of these findings are secondary rather than the primary of mesenchymal dysplasia. Therefore, we investigated 15 other cases of mesenchymal dysplasia, and found including vascular abnormality of the stem, intermediate and terminal villi in all case of PMD. The abnormality was observed in the vessels of the periphery of the stem villi and their vessel walls were thin and appeared weak. The intermediate villous vessels were unusual, tangled. The terminal villous abnormalities showed chorangiosis and stromal hyperplasia. These findings are mesenchymal dysplasia origin. Moreover, PMD showed female-predominant. 14/15 was female among our cases, We discuss the relationship between mesenchymal dysplasia and the X chromosome in this paper. [source]

Sudden death caused by chronic Chagas disease in a non-endemic country: Autopsy report

PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2010
Fumiko Satoh
Chagas disease is a tropical disease that is prevalent in Latin America. Described herein is an autopsy case of the sudden death of a 48-year-old Brazilian man who had stayed in Japan for 7 years. The man, who had a history of Chagas disease, collapsed unexpectedly at work. Because the cause of death was unknown, forensic autopsy examination was performed. As gross findings, the heart was dilated and rounded with an increase in size and weight. The esophagus and large intestine were dilated moderately, with extensive interstitial inflammatory infiltration in the cardiac muscle, but no apparent parasite nest was observed in various tissues. On post-mortem laboratory examinations, indirect immunofluorescence antibody test indicated the presence of IgG antibody specific to Trypanosoma cruzi in the serum. Subsequent polymerase chain reaction amplification using DNA extracted from blood yielded the specific product derived from T. cruzi genomic DNA. These examinations indicate that the infection had resulted from the Tripanosoma parasite. The cause of death was judged to be chronic cardiomyopathy caused by Chagas disease. It is important for pathologists to know the possible involvement of chronic Chagas disease in sudden unexpected deaths in the current globalized society of Japan. [source]

Deradelphous Cephalothoracopagus in Kittens

ANATOMIA, HISTOLOGIA, EMBRYOLOGIA, Issue 5 2009
G. Mazzullo
Summary Cephalothoracopagus is a very rare form of conjoined twins and is characterized by fusion of heads and thoraxes with two separate spines, limbs and pelves. The aim of this study was to describe a case of female cephalothoracopagus kitten puppy. The most important gross findings involved the external body and some of the internal organs. Radiological features revealed main developmental abnormality of the head, spines and thorax. Authors discuss the pathogenic mechanisms of this condition, infrequently reported in veterinary practice, pointing out the importance of embryonic duplications commonly associated with dystocia. [source]

Diprosopiasis in a Lamb.

ANATOMIA, HISTOLOGIA, EMBRYOLOGIA, Issue 1 2003
A Case Report
Summary Conjoined twinning has been reported in most of the domestic animal species. Among them, sheep have the highest incidence of craniofacial defects. A live male crossbreed dystocic two-headed lamb was delivered from a 2-year-old Pinzerita sheep after first mating. After 40 h of life, the lamb spontaneously died. The most important gross findings involved the head, whereas the examination of different organ and tissue sections did not reveal remarkable histomorphological changes. The lamb was classified as a conjoined twinning and, on the basis of the facial duplication, as a diprosopus tetraophtalmus. [source]

The Neuropathology of Autism

BRAIN PATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2007
Manuel F. Casanova MD
Autism is a brain disorder characterized by abnormalities in how a person relates and communicates to others. Both post-mortem and neuroimaging studies indicate the presence of increased brain volume and, in some cases, an altered gray/white matter ratio. Contrary to established gross findings there is no recognized microscopic pathology to autism. Early studies provided multiple leads none of which have been validated. Clinicopathological associations have been difficult to sustain when considering possible variables such as use of medications, seizures, mental retardation and agonal/pre-agonal conditions. Research findings suggest widespread cortical abnormalities, lack of a vascular component and an intact blood,brain barrier. Many of the previously mentioned findings can be explained in terms of a mini-columnopathy. The significance of future controlled studies should be judged based on their explanatory powers; that is, how well do they relate to brain growth abnormalities and/or provide useful clinicopathological correlates. [source]